使用 boto3 和 python 将 AWS EC2 详细信息导出到 xlsx/csv

Question

我是 python 和 boto3 的新手。

我需要使用 python 获取以下详细信息，我正在使用 bash 获取这些详细信息。

#!/bin/bash
aws ec2 describe-instances --query "Reservations[*].Instances[*].[Tags[?Key=='Name']|[0].Value,InstanceId,InstanceType,Platform,State.Name,PrivateIpAddress,PublicIpAddress,Placement.AvailabilityZone]" --output text  --region me-south-1 >> aws_ec2_details_me_south_1.xlsx

aws elbv2 describe-load-balancers --query "LoadBalancers[*].[LoadBalancerArn,DNSName,LoadBalancerName,Type,Scheme,State.Code]" --output text --region me-south-1 >> aws_elb_details_me_south_1.xlsx

aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-groups --query "AutoScalingGroups[*].[AutoScalingGroupName,AutoScalingGroupARN,MinSize,MaxSize,DesiredCapacity,DefaultCooldown]" --output text --region me-south-1 >> aws_autoscaling_me_south_1.xlsx

aws ec2 describe-addresses --query "Addresses[*].[Tags[?Key=='Name']|[0].Value,PublicIp,PrivateIpAddress]" --output text --region me-south-1 >> aws_eip_list_me_south_1.xlsx

aws rds describe-db-instances --query "DBInstances[*].[DBInstanceIdentifier,DBInstanceClass,Engine,EngineVersion,DBInstanceStatus,MasterUsername,Endpoint.Address,MultiAZ,AllocatedStorage,PreferredBackupWindow,BackupRetentionPeriod,StorageEncrypted]" --output text --region me-south-1 >>  aws_rds_details_me_south_1.xlsx

我在这里做了一些示例 python 脚本，

import boto3
session = boto3.Session(profile_name='default',region_name='me-south-1')
ec2_des = session.client('ec2')
resp = ec2_des.describe_instances(
    Filters = [ {
        'Name' : 'instance-state-name',
        'Values' : [ 'running' ]
        } ]
    )
for i in resp:
    print i(instance-id)
    print (i.image-id)

遇到错误

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "t4.py", line 11, in <module>
    print (i.instance-id)
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'instance'

请帮助我完成这个，理解

我们有一个 80 多个 AWS 账户，主要议程是运行脚本一次从 80 多个账户中获取数据。

Answer 1

获取单个 EC2 实例详细信息并将输出写入 CSV 文件的示例代码。

import boto3
import csv

session = boto3.Session(profile_name='default', region_name='us-east-1')

ec2 = session.client('ec2')

result = []
response = ec2.describe_instances(
    InstanceIds=[
        'i-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx'
    ]).get('Reservations')

for item in response:
    for each in item['Instances']:
        result.append({
            'ImageId': each['ImageId'],
            'InstanceType': each['InstanceType'],
            'PublicIp': each['PublicIpAddress'],
            'PrivateIp': each['PrivateIpAddress']
        })
#The result type will be list of dictionary.
# print(result) [{'ImageId': 'ami-08c5e20f0xxxxxxxx', 'InstanceType': 't2.micro', 'PublicIp': '10.200.101.11', 'PrivateIp': '172.31.33.95'}]

# Write to csv file.
header = ['ImageId', 'InstanceType', 'PublicIp', 'PrivateIp']
with open('ec2-details.csv', 'w') as file:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=header)
    writer.writeheader()
    writer.writerows(result)

希望它可以帮助您进一步进行。

您可以使用以下代码通过切换角色循环访问多个 AWS 账户。

    import boto3
from botocore.exceptions import ClientError

# master account
session = boto3.Session(profile_name='default', region_name='eu-central-1')
iam = session.resource('iam')

accounts = [111111111111, 222222222222, 333333333333]


def assume_role(account: str) -> dict:
    sts_client = session.client('sts')
    try:
        response = sts_client.assume_role(RoleArn=f'arn:aws:iam::{account}:<role-name>',
                                          RoleSessionName=f'dev-{account}-session'
                                          )
        temp_credentials = response['Credentials']
    except ClientError as ex:
        print('Client Error', str(ex))
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

    return temp_credentials


def list_users(session_arg: dict, acct: int) -> dict:
    iam_user = session.client('iam',
                              aws_access_key_id=session_arg['AccessKeyId'],
                              aws_secret_access_key=session_arg['SecretAccessKey'],
                              aws_session_token=session_arg['SessionToken']
                              )
    # listing users
    response = iam_user.list_users()
    return response


if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        for acct in accounts:
            sessionCredentials = assume_role(acct)
            user_info = list_users(sessionCredentials, acct)
            print(user_info)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)

Answer 2

describe_instances 方法实际上返回一个字典，不能使用点“。”访问值。

通过查看方法的文档here 并向下滚动一点，您将看到带有 Response Syntax 的 Returns 部分。

基于此，如果你想使用describe_instances的响应来打印instance-id和image-id，你可以使用这个代码：

for r in resp['Reservations']:
    for i in r['Instances']:
        print(f" instance id : {i['InstanceId']}")
        print(f" image id :    {i['ImageId']}")

输出

instance id : i-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
image id :    ami-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
instance id : i-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
image id :    ami-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
...