如何用我的函数填充向量？

Question

#include <iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<functional>
using namespace std;
void straightLineMethod();
void unitsOfActivity();
void decliningMethod();

int main()
{
    using func = std::function<void()>;
    string inputMethod;
    string depreciation[3] = { "straight line","units of activity","declining" };
    std::vector<func> functions;
    functions.push_back(straightLineMethod);
    functions.push_back(unitsOfActivity);
    functions.push_back(decliningMethod);
    cout << " Enter the method of depreciation you're using: " << depreciation[0] << ", " << depreciation[1] << " , or " << depreciation[2] << endl;
    cin.ignore();
    getline(cin, inputMethod);
    for (int i = 0; i <functions.size() ; i++) {
        while(inputMethod == depreciation[i])
        {
            functions[i]();
        }
}

我尝试研究答案并了解如何使用std::function，但我并不完全理解它的作用。在网上很难找到与这个问题相关的答案。本质上，我想要的是将三个函数放在一个向量中，将用户输入与字符串数组进行比较，然后使用数组中的索引来使用向量中的相关索引来调用函数。这对我来说似乎是个好主意，但它失败了。在这种情况下使用.push_back 尝试填充向量给了我一个

E0304 error:  no instance of overloaded function matches the argument list. 

Edit: Specifically, I dont know what the syntax: using func= std::function<void()> is actually doing. I just added it to the code to try to get it to work , thats why my understanding is limited in troubleshooting here.

Edit: the E0304 error is fixed by correcting the syntax to reference the function instead of calling it. And i changed functions[i] to functions[i]() to call the functions, although it is still not working.

Answer 1

看起来您混淆了函数调用语法，并传递了一个实际（对 a 的引用）函数。在你的functions.push_back(functionNameHere) 中删除内部()，你不想调用那个函数，你想把函数本身推到向量中。另一方面，你的functions[i] 应该是functions[i]()，因为这里你实际上是在调用函数。

例如，这绝对有效：

void testMethod() 
{
    cout << "test method has been called\n";
}

int main()
{
    using func = std::function<void()>;
    std::vector<func> functions;
    functions.push_back(testMethod);
    functions[0]();
}

在这里运行 - http://cpp.sh/2xvnw