是否可以将控制台中的文本颜色和背景颜色更改为不同的颜色，同时仍然在同一行上？ C++

Question

我发现的一些解决方案似乎不适用于我的 Windows 终端。仅将整行的文本更改为一种颜色。 示例：

HANDLE hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, 0 | 15);
cout << 1;

hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole,5 | 0);
cout << 2;

仅将文本和背景更改为一种颜色。 感谢您的帮助！

Answer 1

是的，这是可能的。它对您不起作用的原因是您的代码错误。你永远不会设置背景颜色；你只需操纵前景色。

几乎可以肯定，问题的根源在于您使用的是幻数（0 | 15 和 5 | 0）而不是 <Windows.h> 中定义的常量：

#define FOREGROUND_BLUE      0x0001 // text color contains blue.
#define FOREGROUND_GREEN     0x0002 // text color contains green.
#define FOREGROUND_RED       0x0004 // text color contains red.
#define FOREGROUND_INTENSITY 0x0008 // text color is intensified.
#define BACKGROUND_BLUE      0x0010 // background color contains blue.
#define BACKGROUND_GREEN     0x0020 // background color contains green.
#define BACKGROUND_RED       0x0040 // background color contains red.
#define BACKGROUND_INTENSITY 0x0080 // background color is intensified.

以下代码对我来说很好用：

const HANDLE hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);

// yellow on blue
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | BACKGROUND_BLUE);
std::cout << 1;

// blue on bright green
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, FOREGROUND_BLUE | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY);
std::cout << 2;

// reset to black on white
SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY);
std::cout << std::endl;

这是我的控制台窗口的屏幕截图，以证明它有效。 （但请注意，我的控制台颜色已针对 Tango 主题进行了自定义，因此您的控制台可能会使用略有不同的颜色。）

我建议通过定义一个枚举来让自己的生活更轻松：

enum ConsoleColors
{
   BlackFore   = 0,
   MaroonFore  = FOREGROUND_RED,
   GreenFore   = FOREGROUND_GREEN,
   NavyFore    = FOREGROUND_BLUE,
   TealFore    = FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE,
   OliveFore   = FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN,
   PurpleFore  = FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE,
   GrayFore    = FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE,
   SilverFore  = FOREGROUND_INTENSITY,
   RedFore     = FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED,
   LimeFore    = FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN,
   BlueFore    = FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_BLUE,
   AquaFore    = FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE,
   YellowFore  = FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN,
   FuchsiaFore = FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE,
   WhiteFore   = FOREGROUND_INTENSITY | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE,

   BlackBack   = 0,
   MaroonBack  = BACKGROUND_RED,
   GreenBack   = BACKGROUND_GREEN,
   NavyBack    = BACKGROUND_BLUE,
   TealBack    = BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_BLUE,
   OliveBack   = BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_GREEN,
   PurpleBack  = BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_BLUE,
   GrayBack    = BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_BLUE,
   SilverBack  = BACKGROUND_INTENSITY,
   RedBack     = BACKGROUND_INTENSITY | BACKGROUND_RED,
   LimeBack    = BACKGROUND_INTENSITY | BACKGROUND_GREEN,
   BlueBack    = BACKGROUND_INTENSITY | BACKGROUND_BLUE,
   AquaBack    = BACKGROUND_INTENSITY | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_BLUE,
   YellowBack  = BACKGROUND_INTENSITY | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_GREEN,
   FuchsiaBack = BACKGROUND_INTENSITY | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_BLUE,
   WhiteBack   = BACKGROUND_INTENSITY | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_BLUE,
};

然后像这样设置颜色：

SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, ConsoleColors::BlackBack |
                                  ConsoleColors::RedFore));