Django异常中间件：TypeError：object（）不带参数

Question

我正在使用 Django 1.10 并尝试使用异常中间件捕获所有异常。

以下代码导致内部服务器错误：

mw_instance = middleware(handler)
TypeError: object() takes no parameters

views.py

from django.http import HttpResponse

def my_view(request):
    x = 1/0 # cause an exception
    return HttpResponse("ok")

settings.py

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'myproject.middleware.ExceptionMiddleware',  

]

中间件.py

from django.http import HttpResponse

class ExceptionMiddleware(object):
    def process_exception(self, request, exception): 
        return HttpResponse("in exception")

我已经看到这些object() takes no parameters in django 1.10 和其他关于中间件与中间件类的问题，但我不确定这如何适用于这种情况，或者我实际上需要更改什么来解决问题。

Answer 1

在较新版本的Django中，中间件应该是这样写的

import datetime
from django.core.cache import cache
from django.conf import settings
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

class ActiveUserMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):

    def process_request(self, request):
        current_user = request.user
        if request.user.is_authenticated:
            now = datetime.datetime.now()
            cache.set('seen_%s' % (current_user.username), now, 
                           settings.USER_LASTSEEN_TIMEOUT)

Answer 2

由于您使用新的MIDDLEWARE 设置，您的中间件类必须接受get_response 参数：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/middleware/#writing-your-own-middleware

你可以这样写你的类：

from django.http import HttpResponse

class ExceptionMiddleware(object):
    def __init__(self, get_response):
        self.get_response = get_response

    def __call__(self, request):
        return self.get_response(request)

    def process_exception(self, request, exception): 
        return HttpResponse("in exception")

您还可以使用 MiddlewareMixin 使您的中间件与 1.10 之前和 1.10 之后的 Django 版本兼容：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/http/middleware/#upgrading-pre-django-1-10-style-middleware

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

class ExceptionMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):
    def process_exception(self, request, exception):
        return HttpResponse("in exception")