【发布时间】:2018-03-14 20:42:36
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试使用 Qt3D 创建一个可以在同一场景中创建多个视图窗口的应用程序。我从 Qt3DWindow 和 Simple C++ Example 中的代码开始,然后开始移动。我想每个视图窗口都会定义自己的框架图(现在只使用一个简单的 QForwardRenderer)和相机,然后我会将每个窗口的框架图添加到场景中的主框架图中。
当我创建多个窗口时,一切似乎都运行良好,但是当我关闭窗口并开始删除框架图时,应用程序崩溃了。它在 Qt3DCore 或 Qt3DRender 模块的某个后台线程上崩溃,我无法访问源代码。据我了解,我应该能够在运行时动态修改框架图,但这不是线程安全的吗?您是否希望将一个框架图批量替换为另一个框架图,而不是像我一样修改活动框架图?
--- 编辑---
我做了更多的测试,如果在从父框架图中删除它的框架图后延迟破坏 QWindow(即它试图渲染到的表面),我不会崩溃。我确实但是在控制台上收到一些警告说:
Qt3D.Renderer.Backend: bool __cdecl Qt3DRender::Render::GraphicsContext::makeCurrent(class QSurface *) makeCurrent 失败
我的猜测是这是一个线程问题,后端仍在尝试使用 QSurface 在主线程上被销毁后进行渲染。我不太喜欢我的解决方案(我只是使用了一个单次计时器来将破坏窗口延迟 1 秒),但总比崩溃要好。
RenderWindow.h
#ifndef RENDERWINDOW_H
#define RENDERWINDOW_H
#include <QWindow>
#include <Qt3DCore>
#include <Qt3DRender>
#include <Qt3DInput>
#include <Qt3DExtras/QForwardRenderer>
class RenderWindow : public QWindow
{
public:
RenderWindow(QScreen* screen = nullptr);
~RenderWindow();
Qt3DRender::QCamera* camera() const;
Qt3DRender::QFrameGraphNode* frameGraph() const;
protected:
void resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *) override;
private:
// Rendering
Qt3DRender::QFrameGraphNode* mpFrameGraph;
Qt3DRender::QCamera* mpCamera;
static bool msFormatDefined;
};
#endif // RENDERWINDOW_H
RenderWindow.cpp
#include "renderwindow.h"
#include <QDebug>
bool RenderWindow::msFormatDefined = false;
namespace
{
// Different clear colors so that it's obvious each window is using a
// different camera and frame graph.
static QColor sClearColors[] = {
Qt::darkBlue,
Qt::blue,
Qt::darkCyan,
Qt::cyan
};
static int sViewCount = 0;
}
RenderWindow::RenderWindow(QScreen* screen)
: QWindow(screen)
, mpFrameGraph(nullptr)
, mpCamera(new Qt3DRender::QCamera)
{
setSurfaceType(QWindow::OpenGLSurface);
// Set the default surface format once
if (!msFormatDefined)
{
QSurfaceFormat format;
format.setVersion(4, 3);
format.setProfile(QSurfaceFormat::CoreProfile);
format.setDepthBufferSize(24);
format.setSamples(4);
format.setStencilBufferSize(8);
setFormat(format);
QSurfaceFormat::setDefaultFormat(format);
msFormatDefined = true;
}
// Camera
mpCamera->lens()->setPerspectiveProjection(45.0f, 16.0f/9.0f, 0.1f, 1000.0f);
mpCamera->setPosition(QVector3D(0, 0, 40.0f));
mpCamera->setViewCenter(QVector3D(0, 0, 0));
// Frame Graph (using forward renderer for now)
Qt3DExtras::QForwardRenderer* renderer = new Qt3DExtras::QForwardRenderer;
renderer->setCamera(mpCamera);
renderer->setSurface(this);
renderer->setClearColor(sClearColors[sViewCount++ % 4]);
mpFrameGraph = renderer;
}
RenderWindow::~RenderWindow()
{
qDebug() << "start ~RenderWindow";
// Unparent objects. Probably not necessary but it makes me feel
// good inside.
mpFrameGraph->setParent(static_cast<Qt3DCore::QNode*>(nullptr));
mpCamera->setParent(static_cast<Qt3DCore::QNode*>(nullptr));
delete mpFrameGraph;
delete mpCamera;
qDebug() << "end ~RenderWindow";
}
Qt3DRender::QCamera* RenderWindow::camera() const
{
return mpCamera;
}
Qt3DRender::QFrameGraphNode* RenderWindow::frameGraph() const
{
return mpFrameGraph;
}
void RenderWindow::resizeEvent(QResizeEvent *)
{
mpCamera->setAspectRatio((float)width()/(float)height());
}
Scene.h
#ifndef SCENE_H
#define SCENE_H
#include <Qt3DCore/QEntity>
#include <Qt3DInput/QInputAspect>
#include <Qt3DRender/QFrameGraphNode>
#include <Qt3DRender/QRenderAspect>
#include <Qt3DRender/QRenderSettings>
class RenderWindow;
class Scene
{
public:
Scene();
~Scene();
Qt3DCore::QEntityPtr rootNode() const;
void addView(RenderWindow* window);
private:
void setupScene();
private:
Qt3DCore::QEntityPtr mpRoot;
// Frame Graph
Qt3DRender::QFrameGraphNode* mpFrameGraph;
Qt3DRender::QRenderSettings* mpRenderSettings;
// Aspects
Qt3DCore::QAspectEngine* mpEngine;
Qt3DRender::QRenderAspect* mpRenderAspect;
Qt3DInput::QInputAspect* mpInputAspect;
};
#endif // SCENE_H
Scene.cpp
#include "scene.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QPropertyAnimation>
#include <Qt3DCore/QTransform>
#include <Qt3DRender/QClearBuffers>
#include <Qt3DExtras/QPhongMaterial>
#include <Qt3DExtras/QCylinderMesh>
#include <Qt3DExtras/QSphereMesh>
#include <Qt3DExtras/QTorusMesh>
#include "orbittransformcontroller.h"
#include "RenderWindow.h"
Scene::Scene()
: mpRoot(nullptr)
, mpFrameGraph(new Qt3DRender::QFrameGraphNode)
, mpRenderSettings(new Qt3DRender::QRenderSettings)
, mpEngine(new Qt3DCore::QAspectEngine)
, mpRenderAspect(new Qt3DRender::QRenderAspect)
, mpInputAspect(new Qt3DInput::QInputAspect)
{
mpEngine->registerAspect(mpRenderAspect);
mpRenderSettings->setActiveFrameGraph(mpFrameGraph);
setupScene();
mpRoot->addComponent(mpRenderSettings);
mpEngine->setRootEntity(mpRoot);
}
Scene::~Scene()
{
qDebug() << "start ~Scene";
mpEngine->setRootEntity(Qt3DCore::QEntityPtr());
mpRoot.clear();
delete mpEngine;
// mpRenderSettings and mpFrameGraph are children of the
// root node and are automatically destroyed when it is.
qDebug() << "end ~Scene";
}
Qt3DCore::QEntityPtr Scene::rootNode() const
{
return mpRoot;
}
void Scene::addView(RenderWindow* window)
{
// Add the window's frame graph to the main frame graph
if (window->frameGraph())
{
window->frameGraph()->setParent(mpFrameGraph);
}
}
void Scene::setupScene()
{
mpRoot.reset(new Qt3DCore::QEntity);
Qt3DCore::QEntity* entity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity;
entity->setParent(mpRoot.data());
// Create the material
Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial *material = new Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial(entity);
material->setAmbient(Qt::black);
material->setDiffuse(QColor(196, 196, 32));
material->setSpecular(Qt::white);
// Torrus
Qt3DCore::QEntity *torusEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(entity);
Qt3DExtras::QTorusMesh *torusMesh = new Qt3DExtras::QTorusMesh;
torusMesh->setRadius(5);
torusMesh->setMinorRadius(1);
torusMesh->setRings(100);
torusMesh->setSlices(20);
Qt3DCore::QTransform *torusTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform;
torusTransform->setScale3D(QVector3D(1.5, 1, 0.5));
torusTransform->setRotation(QQuaternion::fromAxisAndAngle(QVector3D(1, 0, 0), -45.0f));
torusEntity->addComponent(torusMesh);
torusEntity->addComponent(torusTransform);
torusEntity->addComponent(material);
// Sphere
Qt3DCore::QEntity *sphereEntity = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(entity);
Qt3DExtras::QSphereMesh *sphereMesh = new Qt3DExtras::QSphereMesh;
sphereMesh->setRadius(3);
Qt3DCore::QTransform *sphereTransform = new Qt3DCore::QTransform;
/*OrbitTransformController *controller = new OrbitTransformController(sphereTransform);
controller->setTarget(sphereTransform);
controller->setRadius(20.0f);
QPropertyAnimation *sphereRotateTransformAnimation = new QPropertyAnimation(sphereTransform);
sphereRotateTransformAnimation->setTargetObject(controller);
sphereRotateTransformAnimation->setPropertyName("angle");
sphereRotateTransformAnimation->setStartValue(QVariant::fromValue(0));
sphereRotateTransformAnimation->setEndValue(QVariant::fromValue(360));
sphereRotateTransformAnimation->setDuration(10000);
sphereRotateTransformAnimation->setLoopCount(-1);
sphereRotateTransformAnimation->start();*/
sphereEntity->addComponent(sphereMesh);
sphereEntity->addComponent(sphereTransform);
sphereEntity->addComponent(material);
}
MainWindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include <QMainWindow>
#include "scene.h"
namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}
class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
~MainWindow();
void createWindow();
private:
Ui::MainWindow *ui;
Scene* scene;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H
MainWindow.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include "renderwindow.h"
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
QMainWindow(parent),
ui(new Ui::MainWindow),
scene(new Scene())
{
ui->setupUi(this);
connect(ui->createButton, &QPushButton::clicked, this, &MainWindow::createWindow);
}
MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
qDebug() << "~MainWindow";
delete scene;
delete ui;
}
void MainWindow::createWindow()
{
RenderWindow* window = new RenderWindow();
scene->addView(window);
window->resize(640, 480);
window->show();
QVector3D pos[] = {
QVector3D(0, 0, 40),
QVector3D(0, 25, -30),
QVector3D(-20, -20, -20),
QVector3D(40, 0, 0)
};
static int count = 0;
window->camera()->setPosition(pos[count++%4]);
window->camera()->setViewCenter(QVector3D(0, 0, 0));
// Delete the window when it is closed.
connect(window, &QWindow::visibilityChanged, this, [=](bool on)
{
if (!on)
window->deleteLater();
});
}
【问题讨论】:
-
我真的很喜欢 Qt3D,但文档仍然非常有限,而且大多数示例都是针对 QML 和静态场景的,所以我仍然无法弄清楚如何做某些事情。如果有更好的方法来动态添加和删除新的渲染目标,我会全力以赴。
-
我认为您遇到了我们最近在 Qt3D 中努力修复的一种竞争条件。您看到的问题可能已经在 Qt 5.11 中修复,但我需要先进行测试以验证这一点。如果您有时间,最好也可以在bugreports.qt.io 提交错误报告,以提高在即将发布的版本中修复它的可能性。
-
@dragly 我已经向 Qt 提交了错误报告。