拍照时如何让 CameraX Preview 冻结？

Question

我的自定义 CameraX 有这样的流程：

• 打开相机预览（实时）
• 点击按钮拍照
• 单击该按钮时有一个过程（将路径转换为位图，旋转图像，自动裁剪图像，保存到设备中）
• 运行所有进程并成功后，将图像发送到其他Fragment并显示为幻灯片

问题是当running all the process (in step 3) 有一个delayed 2 seconds 并且相机预览仍然是live（not freeze 或lock）。如何制作camera preview freeze or lock when running the process？

这是我在 Camera X 中运行相机预览的代码：

class CameraFragment : Fragment() {

        override fun onCreateView(
            inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?,
            savedInstanceState: Bundle?
        ): View? {
            // Inflate the layout for this fragment
            return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_camera, container, false)
        }

        override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
            super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)

            viewFinder.post { setupCamera() }
        }

        private fun setupCamera() {
            CameraX.unbindAll()
            CameraX.bindToLifecycle(
                this,
                buildPreviewUseCase(),
                buildImageCaptureUseCase()
            )
        }

        private fun buildPreviewUseCase(): Preview {
            val preview = Preview(
                UseCaseConfigBuilder.buildPreviewConfig(
                    viewFinder.display
                )
            )
            preview.setOnPreviewOutputUpdateListener { previewOutput ->
                updateViewFinderWithPreview(previewOutput)
                correctPreviewOutputForDisplay(previewOutput.textureSize)
            }
            return preview
        }

        private fun buildImageCaptureUseCase(): ImageCapture {
            val capture = ImageCapture(
                UseCaseConfigBuilder.buildImageCaptureConfig(
                    viewFinder.display
                )
            )
            cameraCaptureImageButton.setOnClickListener {
                capture.takePicture(
                    FileCreator.createTempFile(JPEG_FORMAT),
                    Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(),
                    object : ImageCapture.OnImageSavedListener {
                        override fun onImageSaved(file: File) {
                            // I want make a freeze camera preview when execute this before launch *launchGalleryFragment(path)*
                            val bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(file.absolutePath)
                            val rotatedBitmap = bitmap.rotate(90)
                            val croppedImage = cropImage(rotatedBitmap, viewFinder, rectangle)
                            val path = saveImage(croppedImage)
                            requireActivity().runOnUiThread {
                                launchGalleryFragment(path)
                            }
                        }

                        override fun onError(
                            imageCaptureError: ImageCapture.ImageCaptureError,
                            message: String,
                            cause: Throwable?
                        ) {
                            Toast.makeText(requireContext(), "Error: $message", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)
                                .show()
                            Log.e("CameraFragment", "Capture error $imageCaptureError: $message", cause)
                        }
                    })
            }
            return capture
        }

        private fun launchGalleryFragment(path: String) {
            val action = CameraFragmentDirections.actionLaunchGalleryFragment(path)
            findNavController().navigate(action)
        }

    }

Answer 1

也许您可以尝试取消绑定预览用例：

版本 1.0.0-alpha06：CameraX.unbind(preview);

版本> 1.0.0-alpha07：cameraProvider.unbind(preview);

在您的情况下，您需要将预览用例保存到变量中，然后解除绑定：

// Declare the preview use case variable (as in the CameraXBasic example)
private var preview: Preview? = null

然后实例化变量（就像你做的那样）：

private fun buildPreviewUseCase(): Preview {
    preview = Preview(
        UseCaseConfigBuilder.buildPreviewConfig(
            viewFinder.display
        )
    )
    preview.setOnPreviewOutputUpdateListener { previewOutput ->
        updateViewFinderWithPreview(previewOutput)
        correctPreviewOutputForDisplay(previewOutput.textureSize)
    }
    return preview
}

然后，当您想冻结预览时，只需取消绑定用例：

CameraX.unbind(preview);

编辑 正如@Billda 在这篇文章中所说：CameraX - crash when unbinding Preview UseCase：

要冻结预览，您不应取消绑定预览用例。也许有 未来的 API，但目前推荐的方法是 存储来自 ImageAnalysis 的最新帧并将其放入 ImageView 重叠预览。

所以我决定更新我的答案，以提供另一种使用 ImageAnalysis (1.0.0-beta02) 实现分析器的解决方案。

1- 创建 FreezeAnalyzer 类：

class FreezeAnalyzer(private val callback: FreezeCallback) : ImageAnalysis.Analyzer {
    private var flag = false

    override fun analyze(image: ImageProxy) {
        if(flag){
            flag = false
            val bitmap = toBitmap(image)
            callback.onLastFrameCaptured(bitmap)
        }
        image.close()
    }

    fun freeze(){
        flag = true
    }

    private fun toBitmap(image: ImageProxy): Bitmap {
        // Convert the imageProxy to Bitmap
        // ref https://stackoverflow.com/questions/56772967/converting-imageproxy-to-bitmap
        // ISSUE, on my android 7 when converting the imageProxy to Bitmap I have a problem with the colors...
        var bitmap = ...

        // Rotate the bitmap
        val rotationDegrees = image.imageInfo.rotationDegrees.toFloat()
        if (rotationDegrees != 0f) {
            val matrix = Matrix()
            matrix.postRotate(rotationDegrees)
            bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, bitmap.width, bitmap.height, matrix, true)
        }
        return bitmap
    }
}

2-XML

<androidx.camera.view.PreviewView
    android:id="@+id/preview_view"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/image_view"
    android:visibility="invisible"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:scaleType="centerCrop"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

3- 初始化图像分析器

val resolutionSize = Size(preview_view.width, preview_view.height)

// Set up analyser
imageAnalysis = ImageAnalysis.Builder().apply {
    setTargetResolution(resolutionSize)
    setBackpressureStrategy(ImageAnalysis.STRATEGY_KEEP_ONLY_LATEST)
}.build()

val analyzer = FreezeAnalyzer(object : FreezeCallback {
    override fun onLastFrameCaptured(bitmap: Bitmap) {
        runOnUiThread {
            preview_view.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
            image_view.visibility = View.VISIBLE
            image_view.setImageBitmap(bitmap)
        }
    }
})
imageAnalysis.setAnalyzer(executor, analyzer)

4- 绑定 imageAnalysis 用例

try {
    val camera = cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(
        this,
        cameraSelector,
        preview,
        imageAnalysis,
        imageCapture
    )
    preview.setSurfaceProvider(preview_view.createSurfaceProvider(camera.cameraInfo))
}

5- 拍照

btn_capture.setOnClickListener {
    file = File(externalMediaDirs.first(), "${System.currentTimeMillis()}.jpg")
    val outputFileOptions: ImageCapture.OutputFileOptions =
        ImageCapture.OutputFileOptions.Builder(file!!).build()
    analyzer.freeze()
    imageCapture.takePicture(outputFileOptions, executor, onImageSavedCallback)
}

6-发布

btn_release.setOnClickListener {
    preview_view.visibility = View.VISIBLE
    image_view.visibility = View.INVISIBLE
}

希望对您有所帮助，我不是专家，所以如果您有一些改进，欢迎您！