如何将授权标头添加到 Angular http 请求？

Question

这是我的第一篇文章。

我刚刚开始学习 Go 和 Angular，我正在尝试将 Angular 应用程序连接到 Go api。我已经写了两个，并且一直在确定问题的根源。我认为这是一个 CORS 问题，但如果我不在我的 Angular http 请求中包含标头代码行，它就可以正常工作。在这一点上，我只是想添加标题。授权码尚未实现。

这两个应用都在本地运行，Go 应用在端口 5000 上，Angular 在 4200 上

Angular http 请求不起作用：

this.http.get<ProjectedBalance>(requestUrl, {headers: new HttpHeaders().set('Authorization', 'my-auth-token')})
    .subscribe(data => {
     this.projBalance = data.projBalance;
   }

有效的 Angular http 请求：

this.http.get<ProjectedBalance>(requestUrl)
    .subscribe(data => {
     this.projBalance = data.projBalance;
   }

我收到此错误：

对预检请求的响应未通过访问控制检查：否 请求中存在“Access-Control-Allow-Origin”标头 资源。因此不允许使用原点“http://localhost:4200” 使用权。响应的 HTTP 状态代码为 403

我在我的 go 代码中使用了 gorilla/mux 和 gorilla/handlers

router := mux.NewRouter()
router.HandleFunc("/home/{endDate}", GetProjBalance).Methods("GET", "OPTIONS")
headersOk := handlers.AllowedHeaders([]string{"X-Requested-With, Content-Type, Authorization"})
originsOk := handlers.AllowedOrigins([]string{"*"})
methodsOk := handlers.AllowedMethods([]string{"GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "OPTIONS"})
//start server on port
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":5000", handlers.CORS(originsOk, headersOk, methodsOk)(router)))

Chrome 开发工具的标头

Request URL:http://localhost:5000/home/2020-12-21
Request Method:OPTIONS
Status Code:403 Forbidden
Remote Address:[::1]:5000
Referrer Policy:no-referrer-when-downgrade

Response Headers
view source
Content-Length:0
Content-Type:text/plain; charset=utf-8
Date:Mon, 20 Nov 2017 21:39:43 GMT

Request Headers
view source
Accept:*/*
Accept-Encoding:gzip, deflate, br
Accept-Language:en-US,en;q=0.9,uz;q=0.8
Access-Control-Request-Headers:authorization
Access-Control-Request-Method:GET
Connection:keep-alive
Host:localhost:5000
Origin:http://localhost:4200

Answer 1

以下示例适合您只希望在访问需要授权的资源时添加一些标头的情况，请参见下面的代码。请注意，您需要在 authentication.service.ts 中创建 getToken 方法。

import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';
import {
  HttpInterceptor,
  HttpRequest,
  HttpHandler,
  HttpEvent
} from '@angular/common/http';
import { Observable } from 'rxjs';

import { environment } from '../../environments/environment';
import { AuthenticationService } from '../services/authentication.service';

@Injectable({
  providedIn: 'root'
})
export class AuthenticationInterceptorService implements HttpInterceptor {
  constructor(public authenticationService: AuthenticationService) {}
  intercept(
    request: HttpRequest<any>,
    next: HttpHandler
  ): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
    const accessToken: string = this.authenticationService.getToken();
    // set global application headers.
    request = request.clone({
      setHeaders: {
        'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
        Accept: 'application/json',
        'X-AppName': environment.xAppName,
        'X-Locale': 'en'
      }
    });
    // Set headers for requests that require authorization.
    if (accessToken) {
      const authenticatedRequest = request.clone({
        headers: request.headers.set(
          'Authorization',
          `Token token=${accessToken}`
        )
      });
      // Request with authorization headers
      return next.handle(authenticatedRequest);
    } else {
      // Request without authorization header
      return next.handle(request);
    }
  }
}

在app.module.ts中注册拦截器，如下图：

import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';
import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';

import { AuthenticationInterceptorService } from './services/authentication-interceptor.service';

import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
import { HttpClientModule, HTTP_INTERCEPTORS } from '@angular/common/http';

@NgModule({
  declarations: [AppComponent],
  imports: [BrowserModule, AppRoutingModule, HttpClientModule],
  providers: [
    {
      provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
      useClass: AuthenticationInterceptorService,
      multi: true
    }
  ],
  bootstrap: [AppComponent]
})
export class AppModule {}

Answer 2

Angular 6 ==> 带有授权标头的 HTTP Get 请求示例

public IsClientCreditCardExits(companyId: string, token: any) {
    let header = new Headers({ 'Authorization': `Bearer ${token}` });
    const options = new RequestOptions({
       headers: header,
    });
    return this._http.get(this.ApiURL + "api/Subscriptions/IsClientCreditCardExits/" + companyId + "/", options);    
}

Answer 3

如果您不想添加拦截器，这对我有用：

var header = {
  headers: new HttpHeaders()
    .set('Authorization',  `Basic ${btoa(AuthService.getToken())}`)
}

this.http.get(url, header)

对于承载，

set('Authorization',  `Bearer ${AuthService.getToken()}`)

Answer 4

关于在 Angular > 4 中处理身份验证标头的最佳方式，最好使用
Http Interceptors 将它们添加到每个请求中，然后使用
Guards 进行保护你的路线。

这是我在应用中使用的AuthInterceptor 的完整示例：

auth.interceptor.ts

import { HttpEvent, HttpHandler, HttpInterceptor, HttpRequest } from '@angular/common/http';
import { Injectable } from '@angular/core';

import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Observable';

import { AuthService } from './auth.service';

@Injectable()
export class AuthInterceptor implements HttpInterceptor {
  intercept(req: HttpRequest<any>, next: HttpHandler): Observable<HttpEvent<any>> {
    req = req.clone({
      setHeaders: {
        'Content-Type' : 'application/json; charset=utf-8',
        'Accept'       : 'application/json',
        'Authorization': `Bearer ${AuthService.getToken()}`,
      },
    });

    return next.handle(req);
  }
}

您需要在app.module 中将您的拦截器注册为提供者：

app.module.ts

import { HTTP_INTERCEPTORS, HttpClientModule } from '@angular/common/http';
import { AuthInterceptor } from '../auth/auth.interceptor';

...

imports: [
    HttpClientModule,
    ...
],
providers: [
    {
      provide : HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
      useClass: AuthInterceptor,
      multi   : true,
    },
    ...
],

...

您可以在post 中进一步了解此方法。

---

关于 Go 方面，这很可能是您发送的
请求标头与标头不匹配的情况CORS 允许。
您应该尝试的第一件事是允许所有这些：

headersOk := handlers.AllowedHeaders([]string{"*"})
originsOk := handlers.AllowedOrigins([]string{"*"})
methodsOk := handlers.AllowedMethods([]string{"GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "OPTIONS"})

如果问题消失，请尝试将您的 CORS 与您的客户发送的内容一一对应。

Answer 5

这是一个例子：

this.http
        .get(url, return new RequestOptions({
          headers: new Headers({
            Authorization: `Bearer ${authtoken}`
          }),
        }))
        .map(res => res.json());