覆盖 C++ 中的静态方法

Question

我有一个基类Character，可以Attack()，以及派生类Magician(10)、Elf(5) 或Giant(15)。 魔术师可以进化到BlackMagician(15)

Character 的每种类型都有一个已定义的Power（在括号中）。我的问题是如何将一个类与一个静态函数 getFamilyPower() 相关联并相应地覆盖它。

代码如下： https://codecollab.io/@sdudnic/warriors

思路如下：

class Character {
    static int power;
public:
    static int getPower() { return power; }
    virtual int Attack(Character *other) { /*...*/ }
};

class Magician : public Character {
    static int power = 10;
public:
    static int getPower() {return power; }
};

class Elf : public Character {
    static int power = 5;
public:
    static int getPower() {return power; }
};

class Giant : public Character {
    static int power = 15;
public:
    static int getPower() {return power; }
};

Answer 1

只有virtual 方法可以被覆盖。但是static 方法不能是virtual，因为它没有this 实例指针来访问vtable。所以每个Character 都需要一个非静态的virtual 方法来报告其当前的功率水平，例如：

class Character
{
public:
    int health = 100;

    void Attack(Character *other) {
        int myPower = Power();
        int theirPower = other->Power();
        if (theirPower > myPower)
            health -= theirPower;
        else if (theirPower < myPower)
            other->health -= myPower;
    }

    virtual int Power() = 0;
    virtual void Evolve() {}
};

class Magician : public Character
{
public:
    bool isBlack = false;

    int Power() override { return isBlack ? 15 : 10; }

    void Evolve() override { isBlack = true; }
};

class Elf : public Character
{
public:
    int Power() override { return 5; }
};

class Giant : public Character
{
public:
    int Power() override { return 15; }
};