安装 setuptools 时出错（不可排序的类型：str() < NoneType()）

Question

Python 3.4.2，32 位 - Win 8.1，64 位

首先我尝试升级 setuptools，但没有成功。所以我决定卸载以前的版本。现在我无法安装 setuptools。我尝试了以下方法：

1. pip install setuptools：

   Exception:
   Traceback (most recent call last):
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\basecommand.py", line 232, in main
       status = self.run(options, args)
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\commands\install.py", line 339, in run
   
       requirement_set.prepare_files(finder)
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_set.py", line 229, in prepare_
   files
       req_to_install.check_if_exists()
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\req\req_install.py", line 928, in chec
   k_if_exists
       self.satisfied_by = pkg_resources.get_distribution(self.req)
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pkg_resources\__init__.py", li
   ne 461, in get_distribution
       dist = get_provider(dist)
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pkg_resources\__init__.py", li
   ne 341, in get_provider
       return working_set.find(moduleOrReq) or require(str(moduleOrReq))[0]
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pkg_resources\__init__.py", li
   ne 870, in require
       needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pkg_resources\__init__.py", li
   ne 740, in resolve
       env = Environment(self.entries)
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pkg_resources\__init__.py", li
   ne 927, in __init__
       self.scan(search_path)
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pkg_resources\__init__.py", li
   ne 957, in scan
       self.add(dist)
     File "C:\Python34\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pkg_resources\__init__.py", li
   ne 977, in add
       dists.sort(key=operator.attrgetter('hashcmp'), reverse=True)
   TypeError: unorderable types: str() < NoneType()
   

2. 在具有管理员权限的 powershell 中运行 (Invoke-WebRequest https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py).Content | python -：

   PS C:\Windows\system32> > (Invoke-WebRequest https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py).Content | python -
   Invoke-WebRequest : The response content cannot be parsed because the Internet Explorer engine is not available, or
   Internet Explorer's first-launch configuration is not complete. Specify the UseBasicParsing parameter and try again.
   At line:1 char:4
   + > (Invoke-WebRequest https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py).Content | python -
   +    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
       + CategoryInfo          : NotImplemented: (:) [Invoke-WebRequest], NotSupportedException
       + FullyQualifiedErrorId : WebCmdletIEDomNotSupportedException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.InvokeWebRequestCommand
   

（我现在不想安装 Internet Explorer，但如果你认为我必须安装，那么我会。）

1. 下载ez_setup.py 并运行它：

   Installing Setuptools
   running install
   Traceback (most recent call last):
     File "setup.py", line 180, in <module>
       dist = setuptools.setup(**setup_params)
     File "C:\Python34\lib\distutils\core.py", line 148, in setup
       dist.run_commands()
     File "C:\Python34\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 955, in run_commands
       self.run_command(cmd)
     File "C:\Python34\lib\distutils\dist.py", line 974, in run_command
       cmd_obj.run()
     File "C:\Users\a\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpo7o_bqrd\setuptools-11.3.1\setuptools\c
   ommand\install.py", line 67, in run
       self.do_egg_install()
     File "C:\Users\a\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpo7o_bqrd\setuptools-11.3.1\setuptools\c
   ommand\install.py", line 103, in do_egg_install
       cmd.ensure_finalized()  # finalize before bdist_egg munges install cmd
     File "C:\Python34\lib\distutils\cmd.py", line 107, in ensure_finalized
       self.finalize_options()
     File "C:\Users\a\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpo7o_bqrd\setuptools-11.3.1\setuptools\c
   ommand\easy_install.py", line 319, in finalize_options
       self.index_url, search_path=self.shadow_path, hosts=hosts,
     File "C:\Users\a\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpo7o_bqrd\setuptools-11.3.1\setuptools\p
   ackage_index.py", line 269, in __init__
       Environment.__init__(self,*args,**kw)
     File "C:\Users\a\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpo7o_bqrd\setuptools-11.3.1\pkg_resource
   s\__init__.py", line 975, in __init__
       self.scan(search_path)
     File "C:\Users\a\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpo7o_bqrd\setuptools-11.3.1\pkg_resource
   s\__init__.py", line 1005, in scan
       self.add(dist)
     File "C:\Users\a\AppData\Local\Temp\tmpo7o_bqrd\setuptools-11.3.1\pkg_resource
   s\__init__.py", line 1025, in add
       dists.sort(key=operator.attrgetter('hashcmp'), reverse=True)
   TypeError: unorderable types: str() < NoneType()
   Something went wrong during the installation.
   See the error message above.
   

2. 通过运行 python-3.4.2.msi 并选择修复选项来修复 python 安装。但仍然没有设置工具：

   >pip install scipy -U
   Collecting scipy from https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/scipy/
   .0.tar.gz#md5=639112f077f0aeb6d80718dc5019dc7a
     Using cached scipy-0.15.0.tar.gz
     setuptools must be installed to install from a source distribution
   

我认为卸载并重新安装 python 可以解决问题，但在尝试之前，我想也许您可以帮助我找到问题的原因以及解决此问题的正确方法。谢谢。

Answer 1

通过此处建议的更改，我能够解决我的问题（在 Win 8.1 64 位、Python 3.4.2 上）：

https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/pull-request/122/ensure-py_version-and-platform-are-str-in/diff#chg-pkg_resources/init.py

Answer 2

不要下载ez_setup.py，而是使用get-pip.py。从docs开始，如果setuptools没有安装，会先安装。

---

由于您仍然遇到错误，请尝试从 Christoph Gohlke 的 Windows 存储库的 Python 扩展包安装 pip 和 setuptools。确保下载 Python 3.4 的 32 位安装程序。下载后，运行.exe 文件，希望一切都能恢复正常。那里有大量的科学计算包，所以如果你想要 numpy 与 Intel 的 MKL 链接，以及使用增强版 numpy 的 scipy，请继续！

Answer 3

在我看来，我的 python 安装完全搞砸了。它可能与几周前在我的系统上临时安装 python 2 有关。无论如何，我认为卸载并重新安装整个东西会更容易。所以我卸载了python然后重新安装，但即使这样还不够。最后，我手动删除了C:\Python34并重新安装了python，现在它可以正常工作了。