C 中 long double 的格式说明符 %Lf 未按预期工作

Question

作者在学习在线视频中的C要领时，分享了下面的代码，以找出float、double和long double之间的区别。 我在运行在 64 位 Windows 10 笔记本电脑上的 Eclispse 中运行了这个程序。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main(void) {
puts("Floating point type usage in C:");

// Floating point types
float           floatNumber;
double          doubleNumber;
long double     longDoubleNumber;

// Size of floating point types
//lu - Stands for "unsigned decimal integer" and "long"
printf("Storage size for unsigned float : %lu  bytes \n", sizeof(float));
printf("Storage size for double :         %lu  bytes \n", sizeof(double));
printf("Storage size for long double :   %lu  bytes \n", sizeof(long double));

floatNumber = 2.0/3.0;
doubleNumber = 2.0/3.0;
longDoubleNumber = 2.0/3.0;

puts("\nCompare precision at 4 decimal points:");
printf("floatNumber      = %1.4f\n", floatNumber);
printf("doubleNumber     = %1.4lf\n", doubleNumber);
printf("longDoubleNumber = %1.4Lf\n", longDoubleNumber);

puts("\nCompare precision at 10 decimal points:");
printf("floatNumber      = %1.10f\n", floatNumber);
printf("doubleNumber     = %1.10lf\n", doubleNumber);
printf("longDoubleNumber = %1.10Lf\n", longDoubleNumber);

puts("\nCompare precision at 30 decimal points:");
printf("floatNumber      = %1.30f\n", floatNumber);
printf("doubleNumber     = %1.30lf\n", doubleNumber);
printf("longDoubleNumber = %1.30g\n", longDoubleNumber);
return 0;
}

不知何故，我没有得到预期的输出。 我已经添加了我在 Eclispse 控制台中得到的输出。 谁能帮我找出问题所在

Floating point type usage in C:
Storage size for unsigned float : 4  bytes 
Storage size for double :         8  bytes 
Storage size for long double :   16  bytes 

Compare precision at 4 decimal points:
floatNumber      = 0.6667
doubleNumber     = 0.6667
longDoubleNumber = 0.0000              //Expected value = 0.6667

Compare precision at 10 decimal points:
floatNumber      = 0.6666666865
doubleNumber     = 0.6666666667
longDoubleNumber = 0.0000000000   //Expected value = 0.6666666667

Compare precision at 30 decimal points:
floatNumber      = 0.666666686534881590000000000000 
doubleNumber     = 0.666666666666666630000000000000
longDoubleNumber = 3.1728895775924853e-317   //This is not the expected value

Answer 1

我建议您进行一些更正，然后重新运行测试。 首先，我们需要确保所有类型都是正确的，并且不涉及任何促销或其他事情。我们需要改变

floatNumber = 2.0/3.0;
longDoubleNumber = 2.0/3.0;

到

floatNumber = 2.0f / 3.0f;
longDoubleNumber = 2.0L / 3.0L;

这是不允许将结果提升为 double（在第一种情况下以及在第二种情况下从 double 类型转换为 long double 类型）所必需的，因为最初您的两个操作数在每种情况下都是“double”类型。

其次，你应该摆脱未定义的行为

printf("longDoubleNumber = %1.30g\n", longDoubleNumber);

并在格式字符串中使用适当的 long double 长度说明符。它看起来像这样：

printf("longDoubleNumber = %1.30Lg\n", longDoubleNumber);

通知我们结果。