如何正确扩展我的 tkinter 窗口？

Question

我希望整个事物随着用户的展开而展开，而无需像列表框这样的小部件进行重塑。我希望它就像扩展保持其纵横比的静止图像一样。我该怎么做？

from tkinter import *
import random
from random import *
import threading

selected = 0

contained = {}
contained[0] = []

name = {}

maxEventItems = 100

i = 0
while i < 10 ** 3:
    contained[0].append(i)
    name[i] = 'Event {}'.format(i)

    i += 1

# Beginning of thread part, in the future.
def eventViewerListboxItems():
    i = 0
    while i < len(contained[selected]):
        eventNumber = contained[selected][i]

        eventViewerListbox.insert(END,'{}'.format(name[eventNumber]))

        i += 1

master = Tk()

masterCanvas = Canvas(master)
masterCanvas.grid(row = 0,column = 0,sticky = N + S + E + W)

masterFrame = Frame(masterCanvas)
masterFrame.grid(row = 0,column = 0)

main = Frame(masterFrame)
main.grid(row = 0,column = 0)

topButtons = Frame(main)
topButtons.grid(row = 0, column = 0)

saveButton = Button(topButtons,text = 'Save')
saveButton.grid(row = 0,column = 0,sticky = W)

loadButton = Button(topButtons,text = 'Load')
loadButton.grid(row = 0,column = 1,sticky = W)

createEventButton = Button(topButtons,text = 'Create event')
createEventButton.grid(row = 0,column = 2,sticky = W)

eventViewer = Frame(main)
eventViewer.grid(row = 1, column = 0)

eventViewerListboxScrollbar = Scrollbar(eventViewer)
eventViewerListboxScrollbar.grid(row = 1,column = 1, sticky = W + N + S)

eventViewerListbox = Listbox(eventViewer)
eventViewerListbox.grid(row = 1,column = 0,sticky = W)

eventViewerListbox.config(yscrollcommand = eventViewerListboxScrollbar.set)
eventViewerListboxScrollbar.config(command = eventViewerListbox.yview)

bottomButtons = Frame(main)
bottomButtons.grid(row = 2, column = 0,sticky = E)

simulateButton = Button(bottomButtons,text = 'Simulate')
simulateButton.grid(row = 0,column = 0,sticky = E)

callEventViewerListboxItems = threading.Thread(target = eventViewerListboxItems)
callEventViewerListboxItems.start()

partial_contained = {}
partial_contained[selected] = []
i = 0
while i < maxEventItems and i < len(contained[selected]):
    partial_contained[selected].append(contained[selected][i])
    i += 1

print('I started putting the items from contained[{}] into the listbox in the event viewer.'.format(contained[selected][0]))
print()

print('Below, I will show the first {} items that are in contained:'.format(i,contained[selected]))
print(partial_contained[selected])
print()

master.mainloop()

Answer 1

问题是您使用的是网格，但您没有为任何行或列赋予权重。权重决定了哪些行和列被赋予了额外的空间，例如当用户调整窗口大小时。默认情况下，每行和每列的权重为零，这意味着它们没有额外的权重。

根据经验，您需要为至少一行和一列调用grid_rowconfigure 和grid_columnconfigure，并为该行或列赋予正权重。您需要对每个使用网格来管理其子级的小部件执行此操作。

您也没有始终如一地使用sticky 属性，因此即使您让列增大和缩小，您的小部件也不会扩展以填充它们被赋予的区域。

您需要有条不紊地创建复杂的布局。我的建议是重新开始，让masterCanvas 像你期望的那样增长和缩小。给它一个大胆、独特的封面，以便您可以看到它（即：如果它与背景颜色相同，则无法知道它是在增长还是缩小以填充该区域）

一旦你得到masterCanvas，它正在适当地增长和缩小，移动到masterFrame，然后是main，然后是eventViewer，最后是列表框。在每个步骤中，请确保为小部件提供独特的颜色，以便您可以将其可视化。

您可能还需要考虑移除如此多的嵌套框架层。你拥有的越多，让他们一起工作就越困难。然而，如果你采取有条不紊的方法，多个领域是容易的，不要试图同时让六个不同的框架一起工作。让一个工作，然后专注于它的直接孩子。当他们工作时，专注于他们的孩子，等等。