在 Python 中的 if else 语句中创建数组

Question

我在一个列表中存储了以下 4 种水果
fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Pear", "Watermelon"]

我使用随机数生成器“numgen”生成 1 到 5 的值。

输出将是这样的
Apple Item is available Orange Item is unavailable Pear Item is available Watermelon Item is available

如果生成的数字是 1 或 2，它应该属于 else，这将不可用。

现在我想使用'unavailablefruits' 和'availablefruits' 将else 下不可用 的水果存储到列表中，以在末尾显示可用水果并进行计数，使用类似的东西

print("The following items are unavailable")
print(unavailablefruits)
print('Number of fruits available = ' + availablefruits)
print('Percentage of fruits available = " + percent)

我还希望通过'percent' 显示可用水果的百分比，以在最后实现类似的目标

输出：

Apple
Item is available

Orange
Item is unavailable

Pear
Item is available

Watermelon
Item is available

The following items are unavailable:
Orange

Number of fruits available = 3
Percentage of fruits available = 75.0

我需要一些帮助，因为我不知道如何将它们存储在列表中并为其命名。有什么建议么？

修订代码 v2

import random

class Queue:
    def __init__(self):
        self.container = []

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.container)

    def is_empty(self):
        return len(self) == 0

    def enqueue(self, item):
        self.container.append(item)

    def dequeue(self):
        return self.container.pop(0)

    def peek(self) :
        return self.container[0]

    def __iter__(self):
        return iter(self.container)

fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Pear", "Watermelon"]
#unavailable_fruits = [f for f in fruits if random.randint(1, 5) in (1, 2)]
#available_fruits = list(set(fruits) - set(unavailable_fruits))
#percent_available = (len(available_fruits)/len(fruits)) * 100
q = Queue()

temp = fruits.copy()

fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Pear", "Watermelon"]
d = {fruit: random.randint(1, 5) for fruit in fruits}
unavailable = [fruit for fruit in d if d[fruit] < 3]
available = [fruit for fruit in d if d[fruit] >= 3]


for fruit in fruits:
    if random.randint(1, 5) < 3:
        unavailable.append(fruit)
    else:
        available.append(fruit)

percent_available = len(available) / (len(available) + len(unavailable)) * 100

for fruit in temp:
    q.enqueue(fruit)

    print(fruit)

    numgen = random.randint(1, 5)
    if(numgen >= 3):
        print("Item is available")
    else:
        print("Item is unavailable")

print("The following items are unavailable")
print(unavailable)
print('Number of fruits available = ' + str(available))
print('Percentage of fruits available = ' + str(percent_available))

输出

Apple
Item is unavailable
Orange
Item is available
Pear
Item is unavailable
Watermelon
Item is available
The following items are unavailable
['Apple', 'Watermelon', 'Apple', 'Watermelon']
Number of fruits available = ['Orange', 'Pear', 'Orange', 'Pear']
Percentage of fruits available = 50.0

Answer 1

您可以只使用列表来存储可用和不可用的水果：

fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Pear", "Watermelon"]

available = []
unavailable = []

for fruit in fruits:
    if random.randint(1, 5) < 3:
        unavailable.append(fruit)
    else:
        available.append(fruit)

如果您想保留每种水果的计数，您可以使用字典：

d = {fruit: random.randint(1, 5) for fruit in fruits}
unavailable = [fruit for fruit in d if d[fruit] < 3]
available = [fruit for fruit in d if d[fruit] >= 3]

现在 d 包含作为键的水果，作为值的计数。您可以像这样查看每种水果的数量：

>>> d['Apple']
5

可用和不可用水果的数量只是使用len() 的每个列表的长度。

可用百分比由下式给出：

>>> len(available) / (len(available) + len(unavailable)) * 100
75.0

Answer 2

尝试在您要创建水果列表的位置旁边创建一个空列表。现在，只要您发现水果不可用，请将水果添加到您的列表中。当您完成对所有水果的迭代后，该列表应该包含所有不可用的水果。

Answer 3

fruits = ["Apple", "Orange", "Pear", "Watermelon"]
unavailable_fruits = []
available_fruits = []
unavailable = (1, 2)
for fruit in fruits:
    numget = random.randint(1, 5)
    if numget in unavailable:
        unavailable_fruits.append(fruit)
    else:
        available_fruits.append(fruit)
percent_available = (len(available_fruits)/len(fruits)) * 100

或者，一种非常简洁的方式，并且可能更 Pythonic：

unavailable_fruits = [f for f in fruits if random.randint(1, 5) in (1, 2)]
available_fruits = list(set(fruits) - set(unavailable_fruits))
percent_available = (len(available_fruits)/len(fruits)) * 100