在缺少模块的 Ubuntu 18.04 上为 ARM 交叉编译 Python 2.7

Question

我按照标题为“Cross-compiling Python”的堆栈交换帖子中的说明进行操作。这些步骤很简单，python 在目标上运行。

但是，当我尝试在目标上创建 virtualenv 时，它会抱怨缺少“_struct”模块。在 reddit ImportError: No module named _struct on cross compiled Python for ARM7 和 python.org Issue28444 Missing extensions modules when cross compiling python 3.5.2 for arm on Linux 上搜索出现了类似的问题。我跟着讨论，先编译了原生python，然后是交叉python。同样的问题仍然存在。

最近有人在 Ubuntu 18.04 x86_64 主机上交叉编译了 python 2.7 版本吗？步骤的确切顺序是什么？

顺便说一句，我知道之前在 stackoverflow 网站上的其他帖子，例如cross-compiling Python 2.7.4+ 和其他一些帖子。那些可能太过时了。我还遇到了一个示例Modules/Setup.local，如果按原样使用会出现很多错误。

Answer 1

不确定这是否是正确的解决方案。我通过向Modules/Setup.local 添加内容进行了实验。添加_struct 行后，原来的错误就消失了。最终使用如下文件：

# Edit this file for local setup changes

#*shared*

#readline readline.c -lreadline -ltermcap


# Modules that should always be present (non UNIX dependent):

array arraymodule.c    # array objects
cmath cmathmodule.c _math.c # -lm # complex math library functions
math mathmodule.c _math.c # -lm # math library functions, e.g. sin()
_struct _struct.c      # binary structure packing/unpacking
time timemodule.c # -lm # time operations and variables
operator operator.c    # operator.add() and similar goodies
#_testcapi _testcapimodule.c    # Python C API test module
_random _randommodule.c        # Random number generator
_collections _collectionsmodule.c # Container types
_heapq _heapqmodule.c          # Heapq type
itertools itertoolsmodule.c    # Functions creating iterators for efficient looping
strop stropmodule.c            # String manipulations
_functools _functoolsmodule.c  # Tools for working with functions and callable objects
_elementtree -I$(srcdir)/Modules/expat -DHAVE_EXPAT_CONFIG_H -DUSE_PYEXPAT_CAPI _elementtree.c # elementtree accelerator
#_pickle _pickle.c      # pickle accelerator
datetime datetimemodule.c      # date/time type
_bisect _bisectmodule.c        # Bisection algorithms

unicodedata unicodedata.c    # static Unicode character database

# access to ISO C locale support
#_locale _localemodule.c  # -lintl

# Standard I/O baseline
_io -I$(srcdir)/Modules/_io _io/bufferedio.c _io/bytesio.c _io/fileio.c _io/iobase.c _io/_iomodule.c _io/stringio.c _io/textio.c


# added due to missing for virtualenv:
binascii binascii.c
cStringIO cStringIO.c
cPickle cPickle.c


# Modules with some UNIX dependencies -- on by default:

fcntl fcntlmodule.c    # fcntl(2) and ioctl(2)
spwd spwdmodule.c              # spwd(3)
grp grpmodule.c                # grp(3)
select selectmodule.c  # select(2); not on ancient System V

# Memory-mapped files (also works on Win32).
mmap mmapmodule.c

# CSV file helper
_csv _csv.c

# Socket module helper for socket(2)
_socket socketmodule.c timemodule.c


# Some more UNIX dependent modules -- off by default, since these
# are not supported by all UNIX systems:

#nis nismodule.c -lnsl  # Sun yellow pages -- not everywhere
termios termios.c      # Steen Lumholt's termios module
resource resource.c    # Jeremy Hylton's rlimit interface


# Note that the _md5 and _sha modules are normally only built if the
# system does not have the OpenSSL libs containing an optimized version.

# The _md5 module implements the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5
# Message-Digest Algorithm, described in RFC 1321.  The necessary files
# md5.c and md5.h are included here.

_md5 md5module.c md5.c


# The _sha module implements the SHA checksum algorithms.
# (NIST's Secure Hash Algorithms.)
_sha shamodule.c
_sha256 sha256module.c
_sha512 sha512module.c


# Andrew Kuchling's zlib module.
# This require zlib 1.1.3 (or later).
# See http://www.gzip.org/zlib/
zlib zlibmodule.c -I$(prefix)/include -L$(exec_prefix)/lib -lz