SPRING-BATCH 错误：没有可用于步骤范围的上下文持有者答案

【问题标题】：SPRING-BATCH ERROR: No context holder available for step scopeSPRING-BATCH 错误：没有可用于步骤范围的上下文持有者
【发布时间】：2020-11-29 11:13:58
【问题描述】：

这是我的简单作业配置：

@Configuration
public class Testjob {
    
    @Autowired
    private StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;
    
    @Autowired
    private JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;
    
    @Bean
    @org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.StepScope
    public Step step1() {   
        return stepBuilderFactory.get("step1")
                            .tasklet((stepContribution, chunkContext) -> {
                                System.out.println("Hello World !");
                                return RepeatStatus.FINISHED;
                            }).build();
    }
    
    @Bean
    @DependsOn("step1")
    public Job job1() {
        return jobBuilderFactory.get("job1")
                            .start(step1())
                            .build();
    }
    
    @Bean
        public StepScope stepScope() {
            StepScope stepScope = new StepScope();
            stepScope.setAutoProxy(true);
            return stepScope;
        }

}

如您所见，我已经按照here 的指示配置了stepScope bean，并且还在我的application.properties 中添加了以下行：

spring.main.allow-bean-definition-overriding=true

这是我得到的错误。 我哪里出错了？

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'scopedTarget.step1': Scope 'step' is not active for the current thread; consider defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: No context holder available for step scope
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:368) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:202) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.target.SimpleBeanTargetSource.getTarget(SimpleBeanTargetSource.java:35) ~[spring-aop-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:192) ~[spring-aop-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy359.getName(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.SimpleStepHandler.handleStep(SimpleStepHandler.java:115) ~[spring-batch-core-4.2.1.RELEASE.jar:4.2.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.AbstractJob.handleStep(AbstractJob.java:410) ~[spring-batch-core-4.2.1.RELEASE.jar:4.2.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.SimpleJob.doExecute(SimpleJob.java:136) ~[spring-batch-core-4.2.1.RELEASE.jar:4.2.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.job.AbstractJob.execute(AbstractJob.java:319) ~[spring-batch-core-4.2.1.RELEASE.jar:4.2.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher$1.run(SimpleJobLauncher.java:147) ~[spring-batch-core-4.2.1.RELEASE.jar:4.2.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.core.task.SyncTaskExecutor.execute(SyncTaskExecutor.java:50) ~[spring-core-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.launch.support.SimpleJobLauncher.run(SimpleJobLauncher.java:140) ~[spring-batch-core-4.2.1.RELEASE.jar:4.2.1.RELEASE]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[na:na]
    at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:344) ~[spring-aop-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:198) ~[spring-aop-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:163) ~[spring-aop-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.configuration.annotation.SimpleBatchConfiguration$PassthruAdvice.invoke(SimpleBatchConfiguration.java:127) ~[spring-batch-core-4.2.1.RELEASE.jar:4.2.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186) ~[spring-aop-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:212) ~[spring-aop-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy360.run(Unknown Source) ~[na:na]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.execute(JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.java:192) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.executeLocalJobs(JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.java:166) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.launchJobFromProperties(JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.java:153) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.run(JobLauncherCommandLineRunner.java:148) ~[spring-boot-autoconfigure-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.callRunner(SpringApplication.java:784) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.callRunners(SpringApplication.java:768) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:322) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1226) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1215) ~[spring-boot-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
    at com.foo.BatchApplication.main(BatchApplication.java:17) ~[classes/:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
    at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566) ~[na:na]
    at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) ~[spring-boot-devtools-2.2.6.RELEASE.jar:2.2.6.RELEASE]
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: No context holder available for step scope
    at org.springframework.batch.core.scope.StepScope.getContext(StepScope.java:167) ~[spring-batch-core-4.2.1.RELEASE.jar:4.2.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.batch.core.scope.StepScope.get(StepScope.java:99) ~[spring-batch-core-4.2.1.RELEASE.jar:4.2.1.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:356) ~[spring-beans-5.2.5.RELEASE.jar:5.2.5.RELEASE]
    ... 37 common frames omitted

请注意，我的项目配置了 2 个数据源以及 Spring MVC Web：

数据源 1，用于 JPA/Hiberate：

@Configuration
@EnableJpaRepositories(entityManagerFactoryRef = "entityManagerFactory", 
        basePackages = {"com.foo.repositories"})
public class JpaConfig {

    @Autowired
    private Environment env;
    
    @Bean
    @Primary
    @ConfigurationProperties("spring.datasource")
    public DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties() {
        return new DataSourceProperties();
    }
    
    @Bean
    @Primary
    @DependsOn({"dataSourceProperties"})
    public DataSource hikariDataSource(DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties) {
        return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
    }
    
    @Bean("entityManagerFactory")
    @DependsOn({"hikariDataSource"})
    public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean localContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder
            entityManagerFactoryBuilder, @Qualifier("hikariDataSource") DataSource dataSource) {
        
        Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap<>();
        properties.put("hibernate.dialect", env.getProperty("spring.hib.properties.hibernate.dialect"));
        properties.put("hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults", env.getProperty(
                "spring.hib.properties.hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults"));
        
        return entityManagerFactoryBuilder.dataSource(dataSource)
                                .persistenceUnit("TestPersistenceUnit")
                                .properties(properties)
                                .packages("com.foo.entities")
                                .build();
    }

DataSource 2，用于 Spring Batch JDBC Job Repository：

@Configuration
public class BatchFrameworkConfig {
    
    @Autowired
    private Environment env;
    
    @Bean("batch_datasource_properties")
    @ConfigurationProperties("spring.batch.datasource")
    public DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties() {
        return new DataSourceProperties();
    }

    @Bean("batch_datasource")
    @DependsOn({"batch_datasource_properties"})
    public DataSource batchFrameworkDatasource(DataSourceProperties dataSourceProperties) {
        return dataSourceProperties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
    }
    
    @Bean
    @DependsOn({"batch_datasource"})
    public BatchConfigurer defaultBatchConfigurer(@Qualifier("batch_datasource") DataSource dataSource) {
        return new DefaultBatchConfigurer(dataSource);
    }
    
}

我无法找到here 中提到的神秘 XML。

出了什么问题？

谢谢。

【问题讨论】：

年份是 2020，SpringXMLConfiguration 被称为 mysterious XML :) 这只是配置 bean 的另一种方式，只需在 @987654330 的代码中定义具有相同 id 的 bean @文件。
@JAsgarov 我做到了。我定义了StepScope bean。在我的工作配置中。这不正确吗？
@JAsgarov 我不明白你指的是什么。
@JAsgarov 什么 bean id ??

标签： java spring spring-batch

【解决方案1】：

使用Java配置，你不需要自己注册StepScope（这是针对XML的），在你的配置上添加注解@EnableBatchProcessing。在您的情况下，您不需要添加@StepScope 和@DependsOn。

@Configuration
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class Testjob {

    @Autowired
    private StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;

    @Autowired
    private JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;

    @Bean
    public Step step1() {   
        return stepBuilderFactory.get("step1")
                            .tasklet((stepContribution, chunkContext) -> {
                                System.out.println("Hello World !");
                                return RepeatStatus.FINISHED;
                            }).build();
    }

    @Bean
    public Job job1() {
        return jobBuilderFactory.get("job1")
                        .start(step1())
                        .build();
    }    

}

当您需要每个作业或步骤的新实例时，在步骤或作业中使用的 bean 上使用 @JobScope 和 @StepScope。

【讨论】：

我需要 StepScope。我想知道如何配置它。是的，对于这项工作，我本身不需要 StepScope，但对于其他更复杂的工作，我需要它。
问题是为什么 StepScope 在这里不起作用，而不是不需要它。
谢谢，但这是我的错误。发布了正确的答案。
很高兴听到您解决问题。是的，您需要在步骤中使用 bean 来初始化上下文。

【解决方案2】：

我的错。

@StepScope 应声明如下：

@Configuration
@EnableBatchProcessing
public class Testjob {
    
    @Autowired
    private StepBuilderFactory stepBuilderFactory;
    
    @Autowired
    private JobBuilderFactory jobBuilderFactory;
    
    @Bean
    @StepScope
    public Tasklet helloWorldTasklet() {
        return (stepContribution, chunkContext) -> {
            System.out.println("Hello World !");
            return RepeatStatus.FINISHED;
        };
    }
    
    @Bean   
    public Step step1() {   
        return stepBuilderFactory.get("step1")
                            .tasklet(helloWorldTasklet())
                            .build();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public Job job1() {
        return jobBuilderFactory.get("job1")
                            .start(step1())
                            .build();
    }
    
    
}

注意 helloWorldTasklet bean 被声明为 @StepScope 而不是我的 @Step。

【讨论】：