在构造函数之后初始化 boost::asio 套接字

Question

[更新：] 感兴趣的人的答案是简单地将 io_service 成员 var 包装在 boost::ref (boost::ref(io_service_)) 中

我正在尝试使用 boost asio 库中的 udp 服务器示例，以查看是否可以在构造函数之外的其他地方初始化套接字。示例中提出的构造函数如下：

class server
{
public:
  server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, short port)
    : io_service_(io_service),
      socket_(io_service, udp::endpoint(udp::v4(), port))
  {
    socket_.async_receive_from(
        boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length), sender_endpoint_,
        boost::bind(&server::handle_receive_from, this,
          boost::asio::placeholders::error,
          boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
  }

我使套接字成员成为一个指针，同时也是一个共享指针，这样我就不必担心它是否超出范围。 “io_service_”也是一个成员变量，我用它来创建套接字。我的完整代码如下：

#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/shared_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/make_shared.hpp>

using boost::asio::ip::udp;

class server
{
public:
  server(boost::asio::io_service& io_service, short port)
    : io_service_(io_service)
      //socket_(io_service, udp::endpoint(udp::v4(), port))
  {
      initialize_socket(port);
  }

  void initialize_socket(short port)
  {

      socket_p = boost::make_shared<udp::socket>(io_service_, udp::endpoint(udp::v4(), port));
      // (...)
      socket_p->async_receive_from(
              boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length), sender_endpoint_,
              boost::bind(&server::handle_receive_from, this,
                      boost::asio::placeholders::error,
                      boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
  }

  void handle_receive_from(const boost::system::error_code& error,
      size_t bytes_recvd)
  {
    if (!error && bytes_recvd > 0)
    {
      std::cout << "\nReceived: ";
      std::cout.write(data_, bytes_recvd);
      std::cout << "\nSending same string back" << std::endl;
      socket_p->async_send_to(
          boost::asio::buffer(data_, bytes_recvd), sender_endpoint_,
          boost::bind(&server::handle_send_to, this,
            boost::asio::placeholders::error,
            boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
    }
    else
    {
      socket_p->async_receive_from(
          boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length), sender_endpoint_,
          boost::bind(&server::handle_receive_from, this,
            boost::asio::placeholders::error,
            boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
    }
  }

  void handle_send_to(const boost::system::error_code& /*error*/,
      size_t /*bytes_sent*/)
  {
    socket_p->async_receive_from(
        boost::asio::buffer(data_, max_length), sender_endpoint_,
        boost::bind(&server::handle_receive_from, this,
          boost::asio::placeholders::error,
          boost::asio::placeholders::bytes_transferred));
  }

private:
  boost::asio::io_service& io_service_;
  boost::shared_ptr<udp::socket> socket_p;
  udp::endpoint sender_endpoint_;
  enum { max_length = 1024 };
  char data_[max_length];
};

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  try
  {
    if (argc != 2)
    {
      std::cerr << "Usage: async_udp_echo_server <port>\n";
      return 1;
    }

    boost::asio::io_service io_service;

    using namespace std; // For atoi.
    server s(io_service, atoi(argv[1]));

    io_service.run();
  }
  catch (std::exception& e)
  {
    std::cerr << "Exception: " << e.what() << "\n";
  }

  return 0;
}

在尝试编译时，我收到一条相当长的错误消息，我认为其中的重要部分是：

required from here
    /usr/local/include/boost/smart_ptr/make_shared_object.hpp:747:5: error: no matching function for call to ‘boost::asio::basic_datagram_socket<boost::asio
    ::ip::udp>::basic_datagram_socket(const boost::asio::io_service&, const boost::asio::ip::basic_endpoint<boost::asio::ip::udp>&)’
         ::new( pv ) T( a1, a2 );

(...)

   basic_datagram_socket(boost::asio::io_service& io_service,
   ^
/usr/local/include/boost/asio/basic_datagram_socket.hpp:108:3: note:   no known conversion for argument 1 from ‘const boost::asio::io_service’ to ‘boost
::asio::io_service&’

有人知道这个实现有什么问题吗？

Answer 1

make_shared<> 复制其参数（如 bind 或 thread 的 c'tor）。当传递给make_shared 时，您必须将io_service_ 包装在boost::ref 中，以确保它作为参考传递：

socket_p = boost::make_shared(boost::ref(io_service_), udp::endpoint(udp::v4(), port));

Answer 2

此代码在 Windows 上的 Code::Blocks IDE 上编译良好（尽管我将 boost::shared_ptr 更改为 c++11 std::shared_ptr）。

问题可能在于您安装的 boost 库或编译器/链接器设置。

编辑：

使用的编译器是mingw_64。 Boost 版本是 1_58_0。