这里的 gdb 用户如何看待它在使用模板和 STL 调试代码方面的功能？
您是否使用任何技巧来简化调试？也许是一些 Python 脚本？或者你对gdb目前的方式满意吗（6.x版，7.x还没试过）？
谢谢。
【问题讨论】：
标签： c++ debugging templates stl gdb
这可能会有所帮助： GDB STL Support Tools
【讨论】：
我假设您的意思是更好地可视化 STL 代码（而不是提供安全迭代器和额外运行时检查的 debug mode）。我不确定你是否看过这些帖子：
使用 gdb
从 7.0 版开始，GDB 支持在 Python 中编写漂亮的打印机。用于 STL 类的漂亮打印机随 GCC 4.5.0 版本一起分发。这些打印机的最新版本始终可以在 libstdc++ svn 存储库中找到。要启用这些打印机，请将最新的打印机签出到本地目录：
另外，如果可能的话，尝试使用 KDevelop/DDD -- 他们确实有帮助。
【讨论】：
我最喜欢使用 GDB 的方式是 emacs 中的 GDB 模式。您可以获得完整的可视化/源代码级调试、线程窗口、堆栈窗口（等等）...试试吧，您不会失望的。
也就是说，GDB 可以很好地处理 STL 容器的调试，没有特殊的附加组件...只要确保您正在构建 WITH -g，并且没有 -ON（任何类型的）...
【讨论】：
我不确定您是否可以添加代码，或者您只是在调试代码，抱歉。一段时间以来，我写了一个简单的实用函数，希望你觉得它有用。您可以轻松打印标准容器的内容。没有特定于平台的代码，使用示例（实际上是测试驱动程序）：
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <deque>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <boost/array.hpp>
#include <boost/assign.hpp>
#include "streamer.hpp"
const std::size_t consoleWidth = 80;
std::ostream& newline_if_not_console(std::ostream& outputstream)
{
if(&outputstream != & std::cout)
{
outputstream << std::endl;
}
return outputstream;
}
void STL_test_ostream(std::ostream& out)
{
using namespace boost::assign;
using namespace streamer;
double iDoubleArray[] = {0.1, 1.2, 2.3, 3.4, 4.5}; // It could be of any type!
std::vector<int> iVec;
std::list<int> iList;
std::deque<int> iDeque;
std::stack<int> iStack;
std::queue<int> iQueue;
std::priority_queue<int> iPriorityQueue;
std::set<int> iSet;
std::map<int, std::string> iMap;
iVec += 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
iList += 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
iDeque += 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
iStack += 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
iQueue += 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
iPriorityQueue += 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
iSet += 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5;
insert(iMap)
( 1 , "one" )
( 2 , "two" )
( 3 , "three" )
( 4 , "four" )
( 5 , "five" );
out << std::string(consoleWidth, '=') << newline_if_not_console
<< "STL Test..." << std::endl
<< std::string(consoleWidth, '=') << newline_if_not_console;
out << "Native Array = " << iDoubleArray << std::endl;
out << "vector = " << iVec << std::endl;
out << "list = " << iList << std::endl;
out << "deque = " << iDeque << std::endl;
out << "queue = " << iQueue << std::endl;
out << "stack = " << iStack << std::endl;
out << "priority_queue = " << iPriorityQueue << std::endl;
out << "set = " << iSet << std::endl;
out << "map = " << iMap << std::endl;
out << std::string(consoleWidth, '=') << std::endl;
}
void Boost_test_ostream(std::ostream& out)
{
out << std::string(consoleWidth, '=') << newline_if_not_console
<< "Boost Test..." << std::endl
<< std::string(consoleWidth, '=') << newline_if_not_console;
}
int main()
{
std::ofstream stl("STL_test_ostream.txt"),
boost("Boost_test_ostream.txt");
STL_test_ostream(std::cout);
Boost_test_ostream(std::cout);
STL_test_ostream(stl);
Boost_test_ostream(boost);
}
我还没有为 Boost 容器编写代码。希望有一天我会这样做:)
你所要做的就是包含这个文件[“streamer.hpp”]：
#ifndef DATASTRUCTRE_STREAMER
#define DATASTRUCTRE_STREAMER
#include <stack>
#include <queue>
#include <boost/array.hpp>
#include <functional>
#include <memory>
namespace streamer
{
// one-value data structure streaming function
template <class Container, class Stream>
Stream& printOneValueContainer(Stream& outputstream, const Container& container)
{
Container::const_iterator beg = container.begin();
outputstream << "[";
while(beg != container.end())
{
outputstream << " " << *beg++;
}
outputstream << " ]";
return outputstream;
}
// pair-value data structure streaming function
template <class Container, class Stream>
Stream& printPairValueContainer(Stream& outputstream, const Container& container)
{
Container::const_iterator beg = container.begin();
outputstream << "[";
while(beg != container.end())
{
outputstream << " " << "<" << beg->first << " , " << beg->second << ">";
beg++;
}
outputstream << " ]";
return outputstream;
}
/*
*************************************************************
C++ Standard Library
*************************************************************
*/
// Sequence Containers.
// vector, list, deque
template
< class Type
, template<class Type, class Allocator = std::allocator<Type> > class Container
, class Stream
>
Stream& operator<<(Stream& outputstream, const Container<Type>& container)
{
return printOneValueContainer(outputstream, container);
}
// Associative Containers.
// set, multiset
template
< class Key
, template<class KeyType, class Traits = std::less<KeyType>, class Allocator = std::allocator<KeyType> > class Container
, class Stream
>
Stream& operator<<(Stream& outputstream, const Container<Key>& container)
{
return printOneValueContainer(outputstream, container);
}
// map, multimap
template
< class Key, class Value
, template<class KeyType, class ValueType, class Traits = std::less<KeyType>, class Allocator = std::allocator<std::pair<const KeyType, ValueType> > > class Container
, class Stream
>
Stream& operator<<(Stream& outputstream, const Container<Key, Value>& container)
{
return printPairValueContainer(outputstream, container);
}
// Adapters.
// stack, queue
template < class Type, class Container >
const Container& container(const std::stack<Type, Container>& stack)
{
struct HackedStack : private std::stack<Type, Container>
{
static const Container& container(const std::stack<Type, Container>& stack)
{
return stack.*&HackedStack::c;
}
};
return HackedStack::container(stack);
}
template < class Type, class Container >
const Container& container(const std::queue<Type, Container>& queue)
{
struct HackedQueue : private std::queue<Type, Container>
{
static const Container& container(const std::queue<Type, Container>& queue)
{
return queue.*&HackedQueue::c;
}
};
return HackedQueue::container(queue);
}
template
< class Type
, template <class Type, class Container = std::deque<Type> > class Adapter
, class Stream
>
Stream& operator<<(Stream& outputstream, const Adapter<Type>& adapter)
{
return printOneValueContainer(outputstream, container(adapter));
}
// priority_queue
template < class Type, class Container, class Compare >
const Container& container(const std::priority_queue<Type, Container, Compare>& priorityQue)
{
struct HackedProiorityQueue : private std::priority_queue<Type, Container, Compare>
{
static const Container& container(const std::priority_queue<Type, Container, Compare>& priorityQue)
{
return priorityQue.*&HackedProiorityQueue::c;
}
};
return HackedProiorityQueue::container(priorityQue);
}
template < class Type, class Container, class Compare, class Stream >
Stream& operator<<(Stream& outputstream, const std::priority_queue<Type, Container, Compare>& adapter)
{
return printOneValueContainer(outputstream, container(adapter));
}
/*
*************************************************************
C++ Native Arrays
*************************************************************
*/
template <class Type, std::size_t size, class Stream>
Stream& operator<<(Stream& outputstream, Type (&array)[size])
{
outputstream << "[";
for(std::size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
outputstream << " " << array[i];
}
outputstream << " ]";
return outputstream;
}
/*
*************************************************************
Boost
*************************************************************
*/
}
#endif
【讨论】：
ddd 也很棒——我的最爱！
【讨论】：