【发布时间】:2018-01-10 13:26:47
【问题描述】:
我试图使用enable_if 来避免重复代码。只要放在返回类型中,它就可以正常工作,但如果它在参数中,则不会。在此作为this 的副本关闭之前,我得到的错误不是重新定义,而是“没有匹配的调用函数”。这是我使用 VS2015 和 g++ 7.2.0 (mingw) 的 MCVE(不是“C”,或者“M”):
#include <cmath>
#include <array>
#include <algorithm>
template <typename T, size_t M, size_t N>
class Matrix
{
public:
static const size_t ROWS = M;
static const size_t COLS = N;
typedef T SCALAR;
SCALAR operator[](const size_t index) const
{
static_assert((COLS == 1 || ROWS == 1), "operator[] is only for vectors (single row or column).");
return m_elements.at(index);
}
SCALAR& operator[](const size_t index)
{
static_assert((COLS == 1 || ROWS == 1), "operator[] is only for vectors (single row or column).");
return m_elements.at(index);
}
std::array<T, M * N> m_elements;
};
template <typename T, size_t N, size_t M>
static inline T Length(
const Matrix<typename std::enable_if<(M == 1 || N == 1), T>::type, N, M> & input)
{
T value = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < std::max(N, M); ++i)
{
value += (input[i] * input[i]);
}
return std::sqrt(value);
}
template <typename T, size_t M, size_t N>
static inline
Matrix<typename std::enable_if<(M == 3 && N == 1) || (M == 1 && N == 3), T>::type , M, N>
CrossProduct(const Matrix<T, M, N> & a, const Matrix<T, M, N> & b)
{
Matrix<T, M, N> result;
result[0] = a[1] * b[2] - a[2] * b[1];
result[1] = a[2] * b[0] - a[0] * b[2];
result[2] = a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0];
return result;
}
Matrix<double, 1, 1> m11;
Matrix<double, 3, 1> m31;
Matrix<double, 1, 3> m13;
Matrix<double, 3, 3> m33;
auto l0 = Length(m11); // Should work, but doesn't: no matching function for call to 'Length(Matrix<double, 1, 1>&)'
auto l1 = Length(m31); // Should work, but doesn't: no matching function for call to 'Length(Matrix<double, 3, 1>&)'
auto l2 = Length(m13); // Should work, but doesn't: no matching function for call to 'Length(Matrix<double, 1, 3>&)'
//auto l3 = Length(m33); // Shouldn't work, and doesn't: no matching function for call to 'Length(Matrix<double, 3, 3>&)'
auto v1 = CrossProduct(m13, m13); //Works, as expected
//auto v2 = CrossProduct(m11, m11); // As expected: enable_if.cpp:71:32: error: no matching function for
// call to 'CrossProduct(Matrix<double, 1, 1>&, Matrix<double, 1, 1>&)'
如果我把Length的签名改成
static inline typename std::enable_if<(M == 1 || N == 1), T>::type \
Length(const math::Matrix<T, N, M> & input)
它工作正常。但它给我的错误似乎表明它能够确定正确的签名(例如Length(Matrix<double, 3, 1>&))。
如果enable_if在参数列表中,为什么编译器无法找到匹配的函数,但如果它在返回类型中却能找到?
【问题讨论】:
-
@MassimilianoJanes 为什么
ints 不可推断?基于这个错误,我认为编译器推断得很好。 -
int 是可演绎的,T 不是,因为它出现在非演绎的上下文中(即 std::enable_if::type)
-
这是你想要的吗? ideone.com/2h0ZHl
-
@KillzoneKid 是的,这也很有效(
template <typename T, size_t N, size_t M, typename Dummy = typename std::enable_if<(M == 1 || N == 1), T>::type>也是如此)。但是,如果括号中的示例有效,我不明白为什么它在参数列表中无效。在这两种情况下,编译器都必须推断出T的类型。
标签: c++ templates sfinae enable-if