内容类型为 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 的 HTTP Post 请求在 Spring 引导服务中不起作用

Question

我最近刚接触 Spring Boot，我正在尝试通过 Retrofit2 REST API 库从一个 Android 应用程序发出 HTTP POST 请求，并使用 application/x-www-form-url 编码，但是当我点击我的 Spring Boot POST 服务时，它显示了我以下错误

"status":415,"error":"不支持的媒体 类型","异常":"org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException","消息":"内容 输入 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8' 不是 支持","路径":"/api/login"

有人知道怎么解决吗？

这是我的代码 Android 代码示例

ApiService.java

public interface ApiService {
    @FormUrlEncoded
    @POST("/api/login")
    Call<LoginData> postLogIn(
            @Field("username") String username,
            @Field("password") String password);
}

ApiHandler.java

    private static final String SERVER_URL = "http://192.168.0.12:8080/";
    private static final long CONNECTION_TIMEOUT = 30;
    public static Retrofit restAdapter;

    //public static final int CONNECTION_TIME_OUT = 120;
    private static Retrofit getRestAdapter() {
        if (restAdapter == null) {
            restAdapter = new Retrofit.Builder()
                    .baseUrl(SERVER_URL)
                    .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
                    .client(getClient()).build();
        }
        return restAdapter;
    }

    private static OkHttpClient getClient() {
        OkHttpClient.Builder okClientBuilder = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
        HttpLoggingInterceptor httpLoggingInterceptor = new HttpLoggingInterceptor();
        httpLoggingInterceptor.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);
        okClientBuilder.addInterceptor(httpLoggingInterceptor);
        okClientBuilder.connectTimeout(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        okClientBuilder.readTimeout(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        okClientBuilder.writeTimeout(CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        return okClientBuilder.build();
    }

PostHandler.java

@Override
    public void callAPI(final Context context, final ApiClientResponse callback, Object arg0) {
        this.callback = callback;
        apiService.postLogIn(Login.username, Login.password).enqueue(new Callback<LoginData>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<LoginData> call, Response<LoginData> response) {
                if (response.isSuccessful()) {
                    LoginData loginData = response.body();
                    successLoginData = loginData;
                    successCallBack();
                } else {
                    ApiErrorHandler.handleError(context, response, errorResponse);
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<LoginData> call, Throwable t) {
                ApiErrorHandler.handleError(context, t, errorResponse);
            }

            RetrofitErrorResponse errorResponse = new RetrofitErrorResponse() {
                @Override
                public void errorMessage(String errorMessage) {
                    failureCallBack(errorMessage);
                }

                @Override
                public void tSyncError() {

                }

                @Override
                public void invalidTokenError() {

                }
            };

        });
    }

LoginData.java 模型类

@Generated("org.jsonschema2pojo")
public class LoginData {
    @SerializedName("access_token")
    @Expose
    private String accessToken;
    @SerializedName("token_type")
    @Expose
    private String tokenType;
    @SerializedName("refresh_token")
    @Expose
    private String refreshToken;
    @SerializedName("expires_in")
    @Expose
    private long expiresIn;
    @SerializedName("scope")
    @Expose
    private String scope;

    // getter setter 
}

这是我的 Spring Boot 应用程序代码示例

MainApplicationClass.java

@SpringBootApplication
public class MainApplicationClass {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MainApplicationClass.class, args);
    }
}

Controller.java

@RestController
public class BlogController {
    @Autowired
    BlogRespository blogRespository;
    BlogMockedData blogMockedData = BlogMockedData.getInstance();

    @GetMapping("/blog")
    public List<Blog> index() {
        return blogMockedData.fetchBlogList();
    }

    @GetMapping("/blog/{id}")
    public Blog show(@PathVariable String id) {
        int blogId = Integer.parseInt(id);
        return blogMockedData.getBlogById(blogId);
    }

    @PostMapping(value = "/api/login",
            consumes = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE, MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED_VALUE},
            produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE}
    )
    public LoginData postLogin(@RequestBody Map<String, String> body) {
        String userName = body.get("username");
        String password = body.get("password");
        return blogMockedData.getLoginToken(userName, password);
    }

注意：如果我从 POSTMAN 访问 spring boot POST 服务，我会得到以下结果

但是，如果我从我的 android 客户端点击 POST 服务，它会给我带来错误

"status":415,"error":"不支持的媒体 类型","异常":"org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException","消息":"内容 输入 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8' 不是 支持","路径":"/api/login"

Answer 1

为了让 Spring 正确加载表单编码数据，您需要将端点参数定义为：

public LoginData postLogin(@RequestBody MultiValueMap<String, String> body)

或

public LoginData postLogin(@RequestParam Map<String, String> body)

Answer 2

使用 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 时，Spring 不会将其理解为 RequestBody。因此，请删除映射数据的参数列表中的 @RequestBody 注释，因为我可以在那里看到它。

请阅读此Spring doesn't understand application/x-www-form-urlencoded

Answer 3

在 Spring Boot 中处理一个 URL 编码的 POST (Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded)

这不起作用：

    public String processForm(@RequestBody RespFormDTO formDTO, 
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

这将起作用：

public String processForm(RespFormDTO formDTO,
       HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

Answer 4

当标头 Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded 添加到我对 Springboot 应用程序的请求时，我遇到了类似的问题。请求正文为空。

我按照链接下方的说明进行操作，并且成功了。

简答，你需要禁用 HiddenHttpMethodFilter

下面的链接解释了原因以及如何禁用

https://newbedev.com/why-is-httpservletrequest-inputstream-empty