输出字符串看起来像 Python 中的报纸文章

Question

我正在尝试在控制台中输出一个字符串，以便以固定的行长度切断该字符串并在新行上继续该字符串 - 使该字符串具有报纸文章的外观。

这个，我做到了。 但是，我希望实现一个系统，使单词不会在中间被切断，打乱阅读的流程。我希望在行尾插入一个连字符。

这是我目前的输出：

这是我想要的输出：

我尝试在第 9 行更改我的代码，使其如下所示，但这导致连字符被放置在每一行的末尾——这不是我想要的。

if(outStr[i+1] == " "):

如何更改我的代码以创建我想要的输出？此函数必须能够处理任何长字符串，因为它将作为更大程序的一部分多次使用。

这是我用 Python 3.6.5 编写的代码：

lorumIpsum = "Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. It has roots in a piece of classical Latin literature from 45 BC, making it over 2000 years old. Richard McClintock, a Latin professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia, looked up one of the more obscure Latin words, consectetur, from a Lorem Ipsum passage, and going through the cites of the word in classical literature, discovered the undoubtable source."

def OutputStringToBook(outStr):
    # Take each character
    for i in range(len(outStr)):
        # If the character is at the designated line end
        if (i % 30 == 0):
            # If the next character is not a space
            if(outStr[i+1] != " "):
                print()
            else:
                print("-") 
            print(outStr[i], end="")
        else:
            print(outStr[i], end="")
    #time.sleep(0.01)
OutputStringToBook(lorumIpsum)

Answer 1

您的代码在每一行的末尾放置一个破折号，因为碰巧每 (30n+1) 个字符都是非空白字符。首先，当两个跨行字符不是空白时，您只想 使用连字符：

if(outStr[i] == " " or outStr[i+1] == " "):

现在，这仍然存在以下问题：您插入连字符而不考虑实际的音节划分，并且您没有在边缘删除空格：

Contrary to popular belief, Lo-
rem Ipsum is not simply random
 text. It has roots in a piece
 of classical Latin literature
 from 45 BC, making it over 20-
00 years old. Richard McClinto-
ck, a Latin professor at Hampd-
en-Sydney College in Virginia,
 looked up one of the more obs-
cure Latin words, consectetur,
 from a Lorem Ipsum passage, a-
nd going through the cites of -
the word in classical literatu-
re, discovered the undoubtable

如果你想删除边缘空格，你需要做更多的工作：不打印空格会抛出你的位置计数，这表明你需要使用一个每个消耗 30 或 31 个字符的字符串行（取决于删除前导空格）。做出“智能”连字符选择需要一个连字符字典（是的，有这样的东西）和更多的处理。另外，适应一行可用的字符少于 30 个需要在行内插入空格，例如更改

rem Ipsum is not simply random
text. It has roots in a piece

到

rem Ipsum is not simply random
text.  It has roots in a piece

这将需要更多的处理......如果值得为您的需要付出努力。

Answer 2

要使其看起来像报纸，您应该使用适当的断字算法。 PyHyphen 库包含 libreoffice 中使用的连字符字典，并支持多种语言（默认语言为 en_US）。

# pip install pyhyphen
from hyphen import Hyphenator
from textwrap2 import wrap
english = Hyphenator('en_US')
print('\n'.join(wrap(lorem_text, width=20, use_hyphenator=english)))

输出将如下所示。请注意，有些行少于 20 个字符。连字符仅用于长词，并遵循语言特定的连字符规则。

与流行相反 信念，Lorem Ipsum 不仅仅是随机的 文本。它有根 在一个班级中 古拉丁文 从公元前 45 年开始， 超过2000 岁。

Answer 3

尽管这是一个直接的答案，但我正在扩展 Prune 的答案，并对您的代码进行一些更正：

我们的想法是删除不必要的印刷并使其更清晰。

lorumIpsum = "Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. It has roots in a piece of classical Latin literature from 45 BC, making it over 2000 years old. Richard McClintock, a Latin professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia, looked up one of the more obscure Latin words, consectetur, from a Lorem Ipsum passage, and going through the cites of the word in classical literature, discovered the undoubtable source."
def OutputStringToBook(outStr):
    # Take each character
    for i, item in enumerate(outStr):
        # If the character is at the designated line end
        if (i % 30 == 0):
            # If the current or next character is not a space
            if(item == " " or outStr[i+1] == " "):
                print("-", end='')
            print()
        print(item, end='')

OutputStringToBook(lorumIpsum)