section_id: nil 当它应该是 section_id: 1

Question

我正在关注 Kevin Skoglund 的 LYNDA.COM 教程。当我遇到问题时，我正在关注“多对多”关联：丰富”视频。我运行的最后一行 (section.section_edits) 结果如下：

SectionEdit id: 6, admin_user_id: 1, section_id: nil,  ...

然而，Kevin 在教程中的结果是：

SectionEdit id: 1, admin_user_id: 1, section_id: 1,  ...

显然，我已经多次返回试图找出我的错误，这就是为什么我的SectionEdit id: 与他的不同。但我的问题是：为什么我的section_id: nil

编辑：2016 年 9 月 25 日

我在命令提示符中输入了section.errors，但不完全理解控制台响应。 @AlterLagos

irb(main):004:0> section = Section.create(:name => "Section One", :position => 1) (0.5ms) BEGIN (1.0ms) ROLLBACK => #<Section id: nil, page_id: nil, name: "Section One", position: 1, visible: false, content_type: nil, content: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil> irb(main):005:0> section.errors => #<ActiveModel::Errors:0x6340fe0 @base=#<Section id: nil, page_id: nil, name: "Section One", position: 1, visible: false, content_type: nil, content: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>, @messages={:page=>["must exist"]}, @details={:page=>[{:error=>:blank}]}>

以下是我的控制台和相关课程。谢谢！

我的命令提示符

C:\Users\David\My Documents\sites\simple_cms>rails console
Loading development environment (Rails 5.0.0.1)

irb(main):001:0> me = AdminUser.find(1)
  AdminUser Load (4.0ms)  SELECT  `admin_users`.* FROM `admin_users` WHERE`admin_users`.`id` = 1 LIMIT 1
=> #<AdminUser id: 1, first_name: "David", last_name: "Boyette", email: "", hashed_password: nil, created_at: "2016-09-08 02:52:57", updated_at: "2016-09-08 02:52:57", username: "dboyette", salt: nil>

irb(main):002:0> me.section_edits
  SectionEdit Load (3.5ms)  SELECT `section_edits`.* FROM `section_edits` WHERE `section_edits`.`admin_user_id` = 1
=> #<ActiveRecord::Associations::CollectionProxy [#<SectionEdit id: 1, admin_user_id: 1, section_id: nil, summary: "Test edit", created_at: "2016-09-09 01:19:08", updated_at: "2016-09-09 01:19:08">, #<SectionEdit id: 2, admin_user_id: 1, section_id: nil, summary: "Test edit", created_at: "2016-09-10 00:05:56", updated_at: "2016-09-10 00:05:56">, #<SectionEdit id: 3, admin_user_id: 1, section_id: nil, summary: "Ch-ch-ch-changes", created_at: "2016-09-10 00:09:39", updated_at: "2016-09-10 00:09:39">, #<SectionEdit id: 4, admin_user_id: 1, section_id: nil, summary: "Test edit", created_at: "2016-09-17 03:32:13", updated_at: "2016-09-17 03:32:13">, #<SectionEdit id: 5, admin_user_id: 1, section_id: nil, summary: "Test edit", created_at: "2016-09-18 00:48:40", updated_at: "2016-09-18 00:48:40">]>

irb(main):003:0> section = Section.create(:name => "Section One", :position => 1)
   (1.0ms)  BEGIN
   (1.0ms)  ROLLBACK
=> #<Section id: nil, page_id: nil, name: "Section One", position: 1, visible: false, content_type: nil, content: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

irb(main):004:0> section.section_edits => #<ActiveRecord::Associations::CollectionProxy []>

irb(main):005:0> edit = SectionEdit.new
=> #<SectionEdit id: nil, admin_user_id: nil, section_id: nil, summary: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

irb(main):006:0> edit.summary = "Test edit"
=> "Test edit"

irb(main):007:0> section.section_edits << edit
=> #<ActiveRecord::Associations::CollectionProxy [#<SectionEdit id: nil, admin_user_id: nil, section_id: nil, summary: "Test edit", created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>]>

irb(main):008:0> edit.editor = me
=> #<AdminUser id: 1, first_name: "David", last_name: "Boyette", email: "", hashed_password: nil, created_at: "2016-09-08 02:52:57", updated_at: "2016-09-08 02:52:57", username: "dboyette", salt: nil>

irb(main):009:0> edit.save
   (1.5ms)  BEGIN
  SQL (3.0ms)  INSERT INTO `section_edits` (`admin_user_id`, `summary`, `created_at`, `updated_at`) VALUES (1, 'Test edit', '2016-09-18 01:44:41', '2016-09-18 01:44:41')
   (69.3ms)  COMMIT
=> true

irb(main):010:0> section.section_edits
=> #<ActiveRecord::Associations::CollectionProxy [#<SectionEdit id: 6, admin_user_id: 1, section_id: nil, summary: "Test edit", created_at: "2016-09-18 01:44:41", updated_at: "2016-09-18 01:44:41">]>

irb(main):011:0>

section.rb

class Section < ApplicationRecord

belongs_to :page
has_many :section_edits
has_many :editors, :through => :section_edits, :class_name => "AdminUser"

结束

部分迁移

class CreateSections < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]

定义改变 create_table :sections 做 |t|

  t.integer "page_id"
  # same as t.reference :page
  t.string "name"
  t.integer "position"
  t.boolean "visible", :default => false
  t.string "content_type"
  t.text "content"
  t.timestamps

end

add_index("sections", "page_id")

结束 结束

section_edit.rb

class SectionEdit < ApplicationRecord

belongs_to :editor, :class_name => "AdminUser", :foreign_key => 'admin_user_id'
belongs_to :section

结束

section_edits 迁移

class CreateSectionEdits < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]

定义改变 create_table :section_edits 做 |t|

t.references :admin_user
t.references :section
t.string "summary"
t.timestamps

end
add_index :section_edits, ['admin_user_id', 'section_id']

结束 结束

型号：page.rb

`类页面

belongs_to :subject
has_many :sections
has_and_belongs_to_many :editors, :class_name => "AdminUser"

结束 `

控制器：页面

class PagesController < ApplicationController end

迁移：页面

`class CreatePages

  t.integer "subject_id"
  # same as t.references :subject
  t.string "name"
  t.string "permalink"
  t.integer "position"
  t.boolean "visible", :default => false
  t.timestamps

end
add_index("pages", "subject_id")
add_index("pages", "permalink")

结束 结束`

Answer 1

检查您的控制台，显然这是一个问题：

irb(main):003:0> section = Section.create(:name => "Section One", :position => 1)
   (1.0ms)  BEGIN
   (1.0ms)  ROLLBACK
=> #<Section id: nil, page_id: nil, name: "Section One", position: 1, visible: false, content_type: nil, content: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

如您所见，由于在创建节后验证错误而回滚，因此节对象有一个id: nil。我猜这是因为您的问题代码中没有包含验证，但是在创建该部分之后，您可以使用section.errors 在控制台中轻松检查错误并查看问题所在。

Answer 2

只是想在此添加一些信息，以防其他人遇到同样的问题。

Alter Lagos 是正确的，该部分有一个约束，即它必须分配一个页面。这就是导致调用失败的原因。

要创建部分对象，请执行以下操作：（它不在视频中）。

page = Page.first

然后创建section并传入页面。

section = Section.create(:name => "Section One", :position => 1, :page => page)

Answer 3

在 section.rb 文件中 - 做了 belongs_to :page, {:optional => true}

然后在 rails 控制台运行- section = Section.create(:name => "第一节", :position => 1)

干杯