可以使用 Paperclip 和 AWS S3 在 Heroku 上上传但不能删除图像

Question

为 Paperclip 正确配置了 S3 凭据：

# production.rb (same in development.rb)
config.paperclip_defaults = {
  :storage => :s3,
  :path => 'photos/:id/:style/:filename',
  :s3_credentials => {
    :bucket => ENV['aws_bucket'],
    :access_key_id => ENV['aws_access_key'],
    :secret_access_key => ENV['aws_secret_key']
  }
 }

我确实看到了 Heroku UI 中设置的环境变量，我可以上传照片了。

但是，当我尝试在生产中销毁给定模型时，我在日志中收到以下错误：

2016-01-14T15:48:48.079923+00:00 app[web.1]: Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 591ms (ActiveRecord: 60.3ms)
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082519+00:00 app[web.1]:
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082522+00:00 app[web.1]: AWS::Errors::MissingCredentialsError (
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082523+00:00 app[web.1]: Missing Credentials.
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082524+00:00 app[web.1]:
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082525+00:00 app[web.1]: Unable to find AWS credentials.  You can configure your AWS credentials
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082526+00:00 app[web.1]: a few different ways:
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082526+00:00 app[web.1]:
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082527+00:00 app[web.1]: * Call AWS.config with :access_key_id and :secret_access_key
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082528+00:00 app[web.1]:
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082529+00:00 app[web.1]: * Export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID and AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY to ENV
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082529+00:00 app[web.1]:
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082530+00:00 app[web.1]: * On EC2 you can run instances with an IAM instance profile and credentials
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082531+00:00 app[web.1]:   will be auto loaded from the instance metadata service on those
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082531+00:00 app[web.1]:   instances.
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082532+00:00 app[web.1]:
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082533+00:00 app[web.1]: * Call AWS.config with :credential_provider.  A credential provider should
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082533+00:00 app[web.1]:   either include AWS::Core::CredentialProviders::Provider or respond to
2016-01-14T15:48:48.082534+00:00 app[web.1]:   the same public methods.

这一切在本地也可以正常工作（显然使用不同的 S3 存储桶）。有什么问题？为什么即使上传工作正常，我也会在生产中收到 AWS::Errors::MissingCredentialsError？

Answer 1

您可能希望确保您使用的是 aws-sdk gem v1 而不是 aws-sdk v2。日志让您看起来像是在使用 v1（“AWS::”）——如果您使用的是 aws-sdk v2，回形针将无法工作。不要认为thoughtbot 会继续支持它，我建议您研究使用 jquery-file-uploader (https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/direct-to-s3-image-uploads-in-rails#pre-signed-post) 直接上传到 s3 -- 请注意，文章不显示 aws-sdk-v2 说明。下面链接的答案确实使用 aws-sdk-v2：

Rails direct to S3 upload using aws-sdk gem and jQuery-File-Upload on heroku