一个简单的类调用就可以完成：
MoveTreeviewColumn(mytoplevel, mytree)
- 使用对齐网格
- 在列标题上按住鼠标按钮可发起
- 将列从左到右再向后移动
- 树形视图下方的按钮被涂黑
- 列带有矩形边框
- 松开按钮时，Treeview 列会重新排序
代码是这个周末才写的，所以可以使用抛光：
try: # Python 3
import tkinter as tk
except ImportError: # Python 2
import Tkinter as tk
from PIL import Image, ImageTk
from collections import namedtuple
from os import popen
BUTTON_HEIGHT = 63 # Button region to black out during move
class MoveTreeviewColumn:
""" Shift treeview column to preferred order """
def __init__(self, toplevel, treeview, row_release=None):
self.toplevel = toplevel
self.treeview = treeview
self.row_release = row_release # Button-Release not on heading
self.region = None # Region of treeview clicked
self.col_cover_top = None # toplevel move columns
self.col_top_is_active = False # column move in progress?
self.canvas = None # tk Canvas with column photos
self.col_being_moved = None # Column being moved in '#?' form
self.col_swapped = False # Did we swap a column?
self.images = [] # GIC protected image list
self.canvas_names = [] # treeview column names
self.canvas_widths = [] # matching widths
self.canvas_objects = [] # List of canvas objects
self.canvas_x_offsets = [] # matching x-offsets within canvas
self.canvas_index = None # Canvas index being moved
self.canvas_name = None # Treeview column name
self.canvas_object = None # Canvas item object being moved
self.canvas_original_x = None # Canvas item starting offset
self.start_mouse_pos = None # Starting position to calc delta
self.treeview.bind("<ButtonPress-1>", self.start)
self.treeview.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", self.stop)
self.treeview.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.motion)
def close(self):
self.treeview.unbind("<ButtonPress-1>")
self.treeview.unbind("<ButtonRelease-1>")
self.treeview.unbind("<B1-Motion>")
def start(self, event):
"""
Button 1 was just pressed for library treeview or backups treeview
:param event: tkinter event
:return:
"""
#print('<ButtonPress-1>', event.x, event.y)
self.region = self.treeview.identify("region", event.x, event.y)
if self.region != 'heading':
return
Mouse = namedtuple('Mouse', 'x y')
# noinspection PyArgumentList
self.start_mouse_pos = Mouse(event.x, event.y)
if self.col_cover_top is not None:
print('toolkit.py MoveTreeviewColumn attempting to create self.col_cover_top a second time.')
return
self.create_move_column()
if self.col_top_is_active is False:
return # Released button quickly or error creating top level
# The column being moved - Recalculated after snap to grid
self.col_being_moved = self.treeview.identify_column(event.x)
#print('self.col_being_moved:', self.col_being_moved)
self.get_source(self.col_being_moved)
self.treeview.config(cursor='boat red red') # boat cursor supports red
self.col_swapped = False
#print('\n columns BEFORE:', self.canvas_names)
def stop(self, event):
""" Determine if we were in motion before we lifted mouse button
"""
if self.region != 'heading':
# If button release not on heading call optional row_release
if self.row_release is not None:
self.row_release(event)
return
''' Destroy toplevel used for moving columns on canvas '''
if self.col_top_is_active:
# Destroy top level window covering up old music player position
if self.col_cover_top is not None:
if self.col_swapped:
#print('columns AFTER :', self.canvas_names)
self.treeview["displaycolumns"] = self.canvas_names
self.toplevel.update_idletasks() # just in case
self.col_cover_top.destroy()
self.col_cover_top = None
self.col_top_is_active = False
self.treeview.config(cursor='')
def motion(self, event):
"""
What if only 1 column?
What if horizontal scroll and non-displayed columns to left or right
of displayed treeview columns? Need to compare 'displaycolumns' to
current treeview.
:param event: Tkinter event with x, y, widget
:return:
"""
if self.region != 'heading':
return
# Calculate delta - distance travelled since startup or snap to grid
change = event.x - self.start_mouse_pos.x
# Calculate new start, middle and ending x offsets for source object
new_x = int(self.canvas_original_x + change) # Sometimes we get float?
new_middle_x = new_x + self.canvas_widths[self.canvas_index] // 2
new_x2 = new_x + self.canvas_widths[self.canvas_index]
self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_object, (new_x, 0)) # Move on screen
''' Make column snap to next (jump) when over half way -
Either half of target is covered or half of source
has moved into target
'''
if change < 0: # Mouse is moving column to the left
if self.canvas_index == 0:
return # We are already first column on left
target_index = self.canvas_index - 1
target_start_x, target_middle_x, target_end_x = self.get_target(
target_index)
if new_x > target_middle_x and new_middle_x > target_end_x:
return # Not eligible for snap to grid
elif change > 0: # Mouse is moving column to the right
if self.canvas_index == len(self.canvas_x_offsets) - 1:
return # We are already last column on right
target_index = self.canvas_index + 1
target_start_x, target_middle_x, target_end_x = self.get_target(
target_index)
if new_x2 < target_middle_x and new_middle_x < target_start_x:
return # Not eligible for snap to grid
else:
#print('toolkit.py MoveTreeviewColumn motion() called with no motion.')
# Common occurrence when mouse moves fraction back and forth
return # Mouse didn't change position
''' Swap our column and the target column beside us (snap to grid).
Calculate jump factor and then make mouse jump by same amount
'''
''' Diagnostic section
print('\n<B1-Motion>', event.x, event.y)
print('\tcanvas_index :', self.canvas_index,
'\ttarget_index: :', target_index,
'\toriginal_x :', self.canvas_original_x)
print('\tnew_x :', new_x,
'\tnew_middle_x :', new_middle_x,
'\tnew_x2 :', new_x2)
print('\ttarget_start_x :', target_start_x,
'\ttarget_middle_x:', target_middle_x,
'\ttarget_end_x :', target_end_x)
'''
if target_index < self.canvas_index:
# snapping to grid on left
if self.canvas_index == 0:
return # Can't go before first column
new_target_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index] + \
self.canvas_widths[self.canvas_index]
new_source_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index]
else:
# snapping to grid on right
if self.canvas_index == len(self.canvas_widths) - 1:
return # Can't go past last column
new_source_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index] + \
self.canvas_widths[target_index]
new_target_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index]
# Swap lists at target index and self.canvas_index
source_old_x = self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_object)[0]
self.source_to_target(target_index, new_target_x, new_source_x)
source_new_x = self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_object)[0]
source_x_jump = source_new_x - source_old_x
#print('source_x_jump:', source_x_jump)
# Move mouse on screen to reflect snapping to grid
self.treeview.unbind("<B1-Motion>") # Don't call ourself
''' If you don't have xdotool installed, activate following code
mouse_x = self.toplevel.winfo_x() + event.x + source_x_jump
mouse_y = self.toplevel.winfo_y() + event.y
# mouse_move_to takes .1 to .14 seconds and flickers new window
move_mouse_to(mouse_x, mouse_y)
# xdotool takes .006 to .012 seconds and no flickering window
'''
popen("xdotool mousemove_relative -- " + str(int(source_x_jump)) + " 0")
self.treeview.bind("<B1-Motion>", self.motion)
# Recalibrate mouse starting position within toplevel
Mouse = namedtuple('Mouse', 'x y')
# noinspection PyArgumentList
self.start_mouse_pos = Mouse(event.x + source_x_jump, event.y)
self.col_swapped = True # We swapped a column so update treeview
def get_source(self, col_being_moved):
""" Set self.canvas_xxx instances """
# Strip treeview '#' from '#?' column number
self.canvas_index = int(col_being_moved.replace('#', '')) - 1
self.canvas_name = self.canvas_names[self.canvas_index]
self.canvas_object = self.canvas_objects[self.canvas_index]
self.canvas_original_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index]
self.canvas.tag_raise(self.canvas_object) # Top stacking order
def get_target(self, target_index):
target_start_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index]
target_middle_x = target_start_x + \
self.canvas_widths[target_index] // 2
if target_index == len(self.canvas_x_offsets) - 1:
# This is the last column on right so use canvas width
target_end_x = self.canvas.winfo_width()
else:
# This is the last column on right so use canvas width
target_end_x = self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index + 1]
return target_start_x, target_middle_x, target_end_x
@staticmethod
def swap(lst, x1, x2):
# Shorthand
lst[x1], lst[x2] = lst[x2], lst[x1]
def source_to_target(self, target_index, new_target_x, new_source_x):
""" Swap source and target columns """
self.swap(self.canvas_names, self.canvas_index, target_index)
self.swap(self.canvas_objects, self.canvas_index, target_index)
self.swap(self.canvas_widths, self.canvas_index, target_index)
self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index] = new_target_x
self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index] = new_source_x
# Swap the two images on canvas
self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_objects[self.canvas_index],
(self.canvas_x_offsets[self.canvas_index], 0))
self.canvas.coords(self.canvas_objects[target_index],
(self.canvas_x_offsets[target_index], 0))
# Now that columns swapped on canvas, get new variables
self.col_being_moved = "#" + str(target_index + 1)
self.get_source(self.col_being_moved)
def create_move_column(self):
"""
Create canvas toplevel covering up treeview.
Canvas divided into rectangles for each column.
Track <B1-Motion> horizontally to swap with next column.
"""
if self.col_cover_top is not None:
print('trying to create self.col_cover_top again!!!')
return
self.toplevel.update() # Refresh current coordinates
self.col_top_is_active = True
# create named tuple class with names x, y, w, h
Geom = namedtuple('Geom', ['x', 'y', 'w', 'h'])
# noinspection PyArgumentList
top_geom = Geom(self.toplevel.winfo_x(),
self.toplevel.winfo_y(),
self.toplevel.winfo_width(),
self.toplevel.winfo_height())
#print('\n tkinter top_geom:', top_geom)
''' Take screenshot of treeview region (x, y, w, h)
'''
# X11 takes 4.5 seconds first time and .67 seconds subsequent times
#top_image = x11.screenshot(top_geom.x, top_geom.y,
# top_geom.w, top_geom.h)
# gnome screenshot entire desktop takes .25 seconds
top_image = gnome_screenshot(top_geom)
# Did button get released while we were capturing screen?
if self.col_top_is_active is False:
return
# Mount our column moving window over original treeview
self.col_cover_top = tk.Toplevel()
self.col_cover_top.overrideredirect(True) # No window decorations
self.col_cover_top.withdraw()
# No title when undecorated (override direct = true)
#self.col_cover_top.title("Shift column - bserve")
self.col_cover_top.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.col_cover_top.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
can_frame = tk.Frame(self.col_cover_top, bg="grey",
width=top_geom.w, height=top_geom.h)
can_frame.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky=tk.NSEW)
can_frame.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
can_frame.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(can_frame, width=top_geom.w,
height=top_geom.h, bg="grey")
self.canvas.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky='nsew')
'''
Publish to: https://stackoverflow.com/a/51425272/6929343
TODO - We are looping through all columns. We only want the ones
in currently visible scrolled region.
'''
total_width = 0
self.images = [] # Reset GIC protected image list
self.canvas_names = [] # treeview column ids (names)
self.canvas_widths = [] # matching widths
self.canvas_objects = [] # List of canvas objects
self.canvas_x_offsets = [] # matching x-offsets within canvas
for i, column in enumerate(self.treeview['displaycolumns']):
col_width = self.treeview.column(column)['width']
# Create cropped image for column out of screenshot using 1 px
# border width. Extra crop from bottom to exclude buttons.
image = top_image.crop([total_width + 1, 1,
total_width + col_width - 2,
top_geom.h - 63])
# Make a black background image at original column size
new_im = Image.new("RGB", (col_width, top_geom.h))
# Paste cropped column image inside black image making a border
new_im.paste(image, (2, 2))
photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(new_im)
self.images.append(photo) # Prevent GIC (garbage collection)
item = self.canvas.create_image(total_width, 0,
image=photo, anchor=tk.NW)
self.canvas_names.append(column)
self.canvas_objects.append(item)
self.canvas_widths.append(col_width)
self.canvas_x_offsets.append(total_width)
total_width += col_width
# Did button get released while we were formatting canvas?
if self.col_top_is_active is False:
return
# Move the column cover window with canvas over original treeview
self.col_cover_top.geometry('{}x{}+{}+{}'.format(
top_geom.w, top_geom.h, top_geom.x, top_geom.y))
self.col_cover_top.deiconify() # Forces window to appear
self.col_cover_top.update() # This is required for visibility
def move_mouse_to(x, y):
""" Moves the mouse to an absolute location on the screen.
Rather slow at .1 second and causes brief screen flicker.
From: https://stackoverflow.com/a/66808226/6929343
Visit link for other options under Windows and Mac.
For Linux use xdotool for .007 response time and no flicker.
"""
# Create a new temporary root
temp_root = tk.Tk()
# Move it to +0+0 and remove the title bar
temp_root.overrideredirect(True)
# Make sure the window appears on the screen and handles the `overrideredirect`
temp_root.update()
# Generate the event as @a bar nert did
temp_root.event_generate("<Motion>", warp=True, x=x, y=y)
# Make sure that tcl handles the event
temp_root.update()
# Destroy the root
temp_root.destroy()
def gnome_screenshot(geom):
""" Screenshot using old gnome 3.18 standards """
import gi
gi.require_version('Gdk', '3.0')
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
gi.require_version('Wnck', '3.0')
# gi.require_versions({"Gtk": "3.0", "Gdk": "3.0", "Wnck": "3.0"}) # Python 3
from gi.repository import Gdk, GdkPixbuf, Gtk, Wnck
Gdk.threads_init() # From: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15728170/
while Gtk.events_pending():
Gtk.main_iteration()
screen = Wnck.Screen.get_default()
screen.force_update()
w = Gdk.get_default_root_window()
pb = Gdk.pixbuf_get_from_window(w, *geom)
desk_pixels = pb.read_pixel_bytes().get_data()
raw_img = Image.frombytes('RGB', (geom.w, geom.h), desk_pixels,
'raw', 'RGB', pb.get_rowstride(), 1)
return raw_img
# End of: toolkit.py