【问题标题】:Parse Json into Java Object将 Json 解析为 Java 对象
【发布时间】:2014-10-17 22:53:54
【问题描述】:

我对 Json 的经验非常少,我必须将复杂的 Json 解析为 Java 对象。

我尝试了几种方法都没有成功...我正在获取我所在城市的 Json 格式天气预报,我需要将 Json 数据解析为 Java 对象。

Json:

{"city":
 {"city_code":"ATAT10678",
  "name":"Wien",
  "url":"oesterreich/wien/ATAT10678.html",
  "credit":{"info":"In order to use the free weather data from wetter.com you HAVE TO display at least two out of three of the following possibilities: text, link, logo",
  "text":"Powered by wetter.com","link":"http://www.wetter.com",
  "logo":"Download at http://www.wetter.com/api/downloads/#logos"},
  "forecast":{
   "2014-08-24":{
    "w":"1",
    "tx":"20",
    "pc":"30",
    "06:00":{
     "w":"2",
     "tx":"16",
     "pc":"30",
     "tn":"15",
     "p":"5",
     "dhl":"2014-08-24 06:00",
     "ws":"19",
     "w_txt":"wolkig"},
    "11:00":{
     "w":"2",
     "tx":"18",
     "pc":"30",
     "tn":"16",
     "p":"6",
     "dhl":"2014-08-24 11:00",
     "ws":"20",
     "w_txt":"wolkig"},
    "17:00":{
     "w":"1",
     "tx":"20",
     "pc":"20",
     "tn":"16",
     "p":"6",
     "dhl":"2014-08-24 17:00",
     "ws":"12",
     "w_txt":"leicht bewölkt"},
    "23:00":{
     "w":"1",
     "tx":"16",
     "pc":"10",
     "tn":"13",
     "p":"6",
     "dhl":"2014-08-24 23:00",
     "ws":"7",
     "w_txt":"leicht bewölkt"},
    "tn":"15",
    "p":"24",
    "dhl":"2014-08-24 06:00",
    "ws":"14",
    "w_txt":"leicht bewölkt"},
   "2014-08-25":{"w":"2","tx":"22","pc":"30","06:00":{"w":"2","tx":"17","pc":"20","tn":"12","p":"5","dhl":"2014-08-25 06:00","ws":"5","w_txt":"wolkig"},"11:00":{"w":"2","tx":"21","pc":"30","tn":"17","p":"6","dhl":"2014-08-25 11:00","ws":"10","w_txt":"wolkig"},"17:00":{"w":"2","tx":"22","pc":"30","tn":"18","p":"6","dhl":"2014-08-25 17:00","ws":"11","w_txt":"wolkig"},"23:00":{"w":"3","tx":"18","pc":"30","tn":"16","p":"6","dhl":"2014-08-25 23:00","ws":"6","w_txt":"bedeckt"},"tn":"12","p":"24","dhl":"2014-08-25 06:00","ws":"8","w_txt":"wolkig"},"2014-08-26":{"w":"3","tx":"22","pc":"75","06:00":{"w":"3","tx":"17","pc":"75","tn":"15","p":"5","dhl":"2014-08-26 06:00","ws":"6","w_txt":"bedeckt"},"11:00":{"w":"61","tx":"21","pc":"75","tn":"17","p":"6","dhl":"2014-08-26 11:00","ws":"9","w_txt":"leichter Regen"},"17:00":{"w":"61","tx":"22","pc":"75","tn":"18","p":"6","dhl":"2014-08-26 17:00","ws":"9","w_txt":"leichter Regen"},"23:00":{"w":"3","tx":"18","pc":"75","tn":"17","p":"6","dhl":"2014-08-26 23:00","ws":"9","w_txt":"bedeckt"},"tn":"15","p":"24","dhl":"2014-08-26 06:00","ws":"8","w_txt":"bedeckt"}}}}

我不知道如何将其解析为对象..

非常感谢您的建议!

这是我的第一次试用..

        Gson gson = new Gson();
        JsonObject jsonObj = gson.fromJson(br, JsonObject.class);
        Map<String, LinkedTreeMap> map = new HashMap<String, LinkedTreeMap>();
        map = (Map<String, LinkedTreeMap>) gson.fromJson(jsonObj.toString(), map.getClass());

        LinkedTreeMap<String, LinkedTreeMap> tmp = new LinkedTreeMap<>();
        tmp = map.get("city");

        for(Map.Entry<String, LinkedTreeMap> e : tmp.entrySet()) {
            System.out.println("k: " + e.getKey());
        }

        LinkedTreeMap<String, LinkedTreeMap> tmp1 = new LinkedTreeMap<>();
        tmp1 = tmp.get("forecast");

        for(Map.Entry<String, LinkedTreeMap> e : tmp1.entrySet()) {
            System.out.println("k: " + e.getKey());
            LinkedTreeMap<String, LinkedTreeMap> values = e.getValue();
            for(Map.Entry<String, LinkedTreeMap> v : values.entrySet()) {

                System.out.println("k: " + v.getKey() + " v: " + v.getValue());
            }

        }

以及一天的输出:

k: city_code
k: name
k: url
k: credit
k: forecast
k: 2014-08-25
k: w v: 2
k: tx v: 23
k: pc v: 90
k: 06:00 v: {w=2, tx=17, pc=20, tn=13, p=5, dhl=2014-08-25 06:00, ws=5, w_txt=wolkig}
k: 11:00 v: {w=2, tx=21, pc=20, tn=17, p=6, dhl=2014-08-25 11:00, ws=9, w_txt=wolkig}
k: 17:00 v: {w=2, tx=23, pc=30, tn=17, p=6, dhl=2014-08-25 17:00, ws=11, w_txt=wolkig}
k: 23:00 v: {w=3, tx=17, pc=90, tn=16, p=6, dhl=2014-08-25 23:00, ws=6, w_txt=bedeckt}
k: tn v: 13
k: p v: 24
k: dhl v: 2014-08-25 06:00
k: ws v: 8
k: w_txt v: wolkig

到目前为止一切顺利,但我如何获得 06:00、11:00、17:00 和 23:00(通用,因为时间可以更改),因为这是我需要的信息?

非常感谢,BR 台风

【问题讨论】:

标签: java json parsing weather-api


【解决方案1】:

这是一个使用 GSON 的示例

import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
import com.google.gson.JsonParser;
public class CodeChefTest1 {
    public static String json = "{\"balance\": 1000.21, \"num\":100, \"is_vip\":true, \"name\":\"foo\"}";
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JsonElement ele = new JsonParser().parse(json);
        for(java.util.Map.Entry<String, JsonElement> entr : ele.getAsJsonObject().entrySet()){
            System.out.println(entr.getKey());
            System.out.println(entr.getValue());
        }
    }
}

您可以使用上述方法并通过检查 JSONElement(如 isJSONArray(),isJSONObject(),isJSONPrimitive() 等)在循环中运行它,并使用相同的策略执行适当的重新解析。

上面只是遍历 json 字符串并打印所有键值对。您可以对 json 字符串的日期部分执行相同操作。

【讨论】:

  • 我已经尝试过了,但我无法访问属性“2014-08-24”:在预测中,因为它是可变的
【解决方案2】:

我个人推荐使用杰克逊。使用 jackson,您可以将 JSON 字符串转换为 POJO(java bean)。 https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson

这个库是免费的、快速且易于使用的。

由于您有日期和时间作为属性名称,我认为至少您的对象的那部分应该是 JAVA 映射,正如 Amaynut 建议的那样。

【讨论】:

    【解决方案3】:

    除了gba的Jackson,还可以使用谷歌GSON:https://code.google.com/p/google-gson/

    另外,看看这个帖子:Jackson Vs. Gson

    【讨论】:

      【解决方案4】:

      您可以使用来自 google 的库 Gson。这是一个将 json 对象转换为 Map 类型的 Java 对象的示例:

       Gson gson=new Gson(); 
      String json="{\"k1\":\"v1\",\"k2\":\"v2\"}";
      Map<String,String> map=new HashMap<String,String>();
      map=(Map<String,String>) gson.fromJson(json, map.getClass());
      

      另一个尝试使用 Gson 库的解决方案如下:

      Gson gson = new Gson();
      String json="{\"k1\":\"v1\",\"k2\":\"v2\"}";
      LinkedTreeMap result = gson.fromJson(json, LinkedTreeMap.class);
      

      你需要导入这两个类:

      import com.google.gson.Gson;
      import com.google.gson.internal.LinkedTreeMap;
      

      你可以查看这篇关于同一主题的帖子: How can I convert JSON to a HashMap using Gson?

      【讨论】:

      • 我试过你的建议:Gson gson = new Gson(); JsonObject jsonObj = gson.fromJson(br, JsonObject.class); Map map = new HashMap(); map = (Map) gson.fromJson(jsonObj.toString(), map.getClass()); for(Map.Entry e : map.entrySet()) { System.out.println("k: " + e.getKey() + " v: " + e.getValue());但我得到一个 java.lang.ClassCastException: com.google.gson.internal.LinkedTreeMap cannot be cast to java.lang.String?
      • 在您的情况下,我认为您必须放置 Map 而不是 Map。尝试告诉我们它是否有效。
      【解决方案5】:

      这是第一个工作代码..(快速'n脏)..

      感谢 Sumeet Sharma!也许有人有更好的解决方案...

          public void updateWeather() {
          forecasts = new ArrayList<>();
          try  {
      
              URL url = new URL(createURL());
              HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
              conn.setDoOutput(true);
      
              OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
              os.flush();
      
              if (conn.getResponseCode() != 200) {
                  throw new RuntimeException("Failed : HTTP error code : "
                          + conn.getResponseCode());
              }
      
              BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                      (conn.getInputStream())));
      
              Gson gson = new Gson();
              JsonObject jsonObj = gson.fromJson(br, JsonObject.class);
      
              JsonElement element = jsonObj.get("city");
              jsonObj = gson.fromJson(element.getAsJsonObject(), JsonObject.class);
              element = jsonObj.get("forecast");
      
              for (Map.Entry<String, JsonElement> entr : element.getAsJsonObject().entrySet()) {
                  JsonElement element1 = entr.getValue().getAsJsonObject();
                  for (Map.Entry<String, JsonElement> entr1 : element1.getAsJsonObject().entrySet()) {
                      if (entr1.getValue().isJsonObject()) {
                          JsonElement element2 = entr1.getValue().getAsJsonObject();
                          Forecast forecast = new Forecast();
                          for (Map.Entry<String, JsonElement> entr2 : element2.getAsJsonObject().entrySet()) {
                              switch (entr2.getKey()) {
                                  case "w":
                                      forecast.setW(entr2.getValue().getAsString());
                                      break;
                                  case "tx":
                                      forecast.setTx(entr2.getValue().getAsString());
                                      break;
                                  case "pc":
                                      forecast.setPc(entr2.getValue().getAsString());
                                      break;
                                  case "tn":
                                      forecast.setTn(entr2.getValue().getAsString());
                                      break;
                                  case "p":
                                      forecast.setP(entr2.getValue().getAsString());
                                      break;
                                  case "dhl":
                                      forecast.setDhl(entr2.getValue().getAsString());
                                      break;
                                  case "ws":
                                      forecast.setWs(entr2.getValue().getAsString());
                                      break;
                                  case "w_txt":
                                      forecast.setW_txt(entr2.getValue().getAsString());
                                      break;
                              }
                          }
                          forecasts.add(forecast);
                      }
                  }
              }
              conn.disconnect();
      
          } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      
          for(Forecast f : forecasts)
              System.out.println(f);
      }
      

      【讨论】:

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