尝试膨胀具有 TextInputLayout 的布局时，Robolectric 测试失败

Question

Android Studio 4.0.1
Robolectric 4.3.1

我正在编写一个 robolectric 测试，测试将失败并出现以下错误。并且似乎与不能膨胀的TextInputLayout有关。如果我删除 TextInputLayout，测试将通过。

这是我收到的错误消息。

android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #47: Binary XML file line #47: Error inflating class com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #47: Error inflating class com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: The style on this component requires your app theme to be Theme.AppCompat (or a descendant).

测试类本身

@Config(sdk = [Build.VERSION_CODES.O_MR1])
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class CharitiesAdapterTest {

    private lateinit var charitiesAdapter: CharitiesAdapter

    @Before
    fun setUp() {
        charitiesAdapter = CharitiesAdapter()
    }

    @Test
    fun `should create viewHolder`() {
        // Act & Assert
        assertThat(createViewHolder()).isNotNull
    }

    private fun createViewHolder(): CharitiesViewHolder {
        val constraintLayout = ConstraintLayout(ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext())

        return charitiesAdapter.onCreateViewHolder(constraintLayout, 0)
    }
}

实际的被测适配器

class CharitiesAdapter : RecyclerView.Adapter<CharitiesViewHolder>() {

    private val charitiesList: MutableList<Charity> = mutableListOf()
    private var selectedCharity: (Charity) -> Unit = {}

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): CharitiesViewHolder {
        val charitiesViewHolder = CharitiesViewHolder(
            LayoutInflater.from(parent.context).inflate(R.layout.charity_item, parent, false))

        return charitiesViewHolder
    }

    override fun getItemCount(): Int = charitiesList.count()

    override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: CharitiesViewHolder, position: Int) {
        // left blank
    }
}

这是有问题的布局部分。仅删除 TextInputLayout 时，测试将通过 OK

 <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout
        android:id="@+id/textInputLayoutPostcode"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/ivLogo">

        <com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputEditText
            android:id="@+id/editTextPostcode"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
    </com.google.android.material.textfield.TextInputLayout>
    

这是我正在使用的样式

    <resources>
    <!-- Base application theme. -->
    <style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar">
        <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
        <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
        <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
        <item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
    </style>
</resources>

感谢您的建议

Answer 1

您可以将测试配置为使用模拟应用程序，该应用程序使用如下所示的应用主题：

Kotlin 实现

class TestApplication : Application() {

    override fun onCreate() {
        super.onCreate()
        setTheme(R.style.AppTheme) //or just R.style.Theme_AppCompat
    }
}

然后配置您的测试以使用这个模拟应用程序

@Config(application=TestApplication::class, sdk = [Build.VERSION_CODES.O_MR1])
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class CharitiesAdapterTest {

Java 实现

public class TestApplication extends Application {

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        setTheme(R.style.AppTheme); //or just R.style.Theme_AppCompat
    }
}

然后配置您的测试以使用这个模拟应用程序

@Config(application=TestApplication.class, sdk = [Build.VERSION_CODES.O_MR1])
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
class CharitiesAdapterTest {

Answer 2

您传递了错误的Context 类：ApplicationProvider.getApplicationContext()。

ApplicationContext 根本没有主题，建议使用Activity 的Context（无论是Activity 还是Theme，它都将始终具有当前Activity 的主题）。根据提供的代码，不清楚您如何启动Activity（那里应该可以访问Context）。

使用ActivityScenario 或ActivityScenarioRule 进行测试可能是正确的方法。
文档显示了它的工作原理：AndroidX Test 和JUnit4 rules with AndroidX Test。