如何解决“布局有超过 80 个视图，对性能不利”？

Question

我正在做一个有点复杂的布局，只是我无法修复 LINT 指示的错误（...黑莓浏览次数超过 80，不利于性能） 这是布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".Activity_schedapunti">


    <TableLayout 
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            <TextView 
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight=".7"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:text="@string/esame_visivo"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:textStyle="bold"
            android:background="@android:color/black"/>

            <TextView 
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight=".3"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:text="@string/punteggio_parziale"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:textStyle="bold"
            android:background="@android:color/black"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                 <TextView 
                     android:id="@+id/textview_aspetto"
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:text="@string/aspetto"/>                  
               <TextView 
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:text="@string/coeff_x1"
                     android:textStyle="bold"
                     android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
               <EditText 
                     android:id="@+id/edittext_aspetto"
                     android:layout_width="match_parent"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                     android:inputType="number"
                     android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>

            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_aspetto"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>
        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                 <TextView 
                     android:id="@+id/textview_punti_colore"
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:text="@string/colore"/>                   
               <TextView 
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:text="@string/coeff_x2"
                     android:textStyle="bold"
                     android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
               <EditText 
                     android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_colore"
                     android:layout_width="match_parent"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                     android:inputType="number"
                     android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>

            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_colore"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            <TextView 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                android:text="@string/esame_olfattivo"
                android:textColor="@android:color/white"
                android:textStyle="bold"
                android:background="@android:color/black"/>

            <TextView 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".3"
                android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                android:text="@string/punteggio_parziale"
                android:textColor="@android:color/white"
                android:textStyle="bold"
                android:background="@android:color/black"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                <TextView 
                    android:id="@+id/textview_punti_intensita"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@string/intensita"/>                 
                <TextView 
                   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:text="@string/coeff_x1"
                   android:textStyle="bold"
                   android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
                <EditText 
                   android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_intensita"
                   android:layout_width="match_parent"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                   android:inputType="number"
                   android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_intensita"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                <TextView 
                    android:id="@+id/textview_punti_complessita"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@string/complessita"/>                   
                <TextView 
                   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:text="@string/coeff_x2"
                   android:textStyle="bold"
                   android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
                <EditText 
                   android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_complessita"
                   android:layout_width="match_parent"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                   android:inputType="number"
                   android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_complessita"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                <TextView 
                    android:id="@+id/textview_punti_qualita"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@string/qualita"/>                   
                <TextView 
                   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:text="@string/coeff_x3"
                   android:textStyle="bold"
                   android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
                <EditText 
                   android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_qualita"
                   android:layout_width="match_parent"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                   android:inputType="number"
                   android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_qualita"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>




        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            <TextView 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                android:text="@string/esame_gusto_olfattivo"
                android:textColor="@android:color/white"
                android:textStyle="bold"
                android:background="@android:color/black"/>

            <TextView 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".3"
                android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                android:text="@string/punteggio_parziale"
                android:textColor="@android:color/white"
                android:textStyle="bold"
                android:background="@android:color/black"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                <TextView 
                    android:id="@+id/textview_punti_struttura"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@string/struttura"/>                 
                <TextView 
                   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:text="@string/coeff_x1"
                   android:textStyle="bold"
                   android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
                <EditText 
                   android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_struttura"
                   android:layout_width="match_parent"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                   android:inputType="number"
                   android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_struttura"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                <TextView 
                    android:id="@+id/textview_punti_equilibrio"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@string/equilibrio"/>                
                <TextView 
                   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:text="@string/coeff_x1"
                   android:textStyle="bold"
                   android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
                <EditText 
                   android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_equilibrio"
                   android:layout_width="match_parent"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                   android:inputType="number"
                   android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_equilibrio"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                <TextView 
                    android:id="@+id/textview_punti_intensita_gusto_olfattivo"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@string/intensita"/>                 
                <TextView 
                   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:text="@string/coeff_x1"
                   android:textStyle="bold"
                   android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
                <EditText 
                   android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_intensita_gusto_olfattivo"
                   android:layout_width="match_parent"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                   android:inputType="number"
                   android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_intensita_gusto_olfattivo"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                <TextView 
                    android:id="@+id/textview_punti_persistenza"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@string/persistenza"/>                   
                <TextView 
                   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:text="@string/coeff_x2"
                   android:textStyle="bold"
                   android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
                <EditText 
                   android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_persistenza"
                   android:layout_width="match_parent"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                   android:inputType="number"
                   android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_persistenza"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                <TextView 
                    android:id="@+id/textview_punti_qualita_gusto_olfattivo"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@string/qualita"/>                   
                <TextView 
                   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:text="@string/coeff_x3"
                   android:textStyle="bold"
                   android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
                <EditText 
                   android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_qualita_gusto_olfattivo"
                   android:layout_width="match_parent"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                   android:inputType="number"
                   android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_qualita_gusto_olfattivo"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>


        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"> 
            <LinearLayout 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:orientation="horizontal">               
                <TextView 
                    android:id="@+id/textview_punti_armonia"
                    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                    android:text="@string/armonia"/>                   
                <TextView 
                   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:text="@string/coeff_x3"
                   android:textStyle="bold"
                   android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"/>
                <EditText 
                   android:id="@+id/edittext_punti_armonia"
                   android:layout_width="match_parent"
                   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                   android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                   android:inputType="number"
                   android:singleLine="true" />
            </LinearLayout>
            <TextView 
                android:id="@+id/textview_puteggio_parziale_armonia"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="match_parent"
                android:gravity="center"
                android:layout_weight=".3"/>
        </TableRow>

        <TableRow 
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">
            <TextView 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".7"
                android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                android:text="@string/punteggio_totale"
                android:textColor="@android:color/white"
                android:textStyle="bold"
                android:background="@android:color/black"/>

            <TextView 
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight=".3"
                android:gravity="center_horizontal"
                android:textColor="@color/light_yellow"
                android:textStyle="bold"
                android:background="@android:color/black"/>
        </TableRow>
    </TableLayout>
</ScrollView>

我阅读使用ListView，但我应该怎么做？不是所有的行都是相等的，或者在任何情况下中间有一些元素不等于所有其他行！

图片：

Answer 1

这绝对是ListView 的理想选择。正如我在评论中所说，您可以在您的Adapter 中使用自定义layout。我不知道您是如何获取数据的，所以我无法确切说明如何检查，但在每一轮 getView() 中，您可以检查数据并决定显示/隐藏哪个 Views。

只需使用TextViews 等创建layout，每行可能需要这些...根据您的需要将visibility 更改为visible/gone。

如果你不熟悉这样做，那么你可以看到 this tutorial 这样做。

Adapter Docs

ListView Docs

正如评论中所指出的，如果您的 Adapter 的 getView() 方法中的 layouts 与 layouts 非常不同，这可能会使切换 visibility 成为一种不好的方法。这仅取决于您的数据和layouts。

Answer 2

哇，这太糟糕了，使用 ListView 而不是 TableView 并根据您所在的部分动态添加行。

我会扩展 BaseAdapter 来实现这一点

Answer 3

您必须使用 MergeAdapter，您可以在其中仅将不同的适配器合并到一个。例如标题和值。我从 StackOverflow 获得了代码，但我找不到主题，所以我将找到的代码粘贴到这里。

package com.mydocum.adapters;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import android.database.DataSetObserver;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
import android.widget.ListAdapter;
import android.widget.SectionIndexer;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
* Adapter that merges multiple child adapters and views into a single
* contiguous whole.
* 
* Adapters used as pieces within MergeAdapter must have view type IDs
* monotonically increasing from 0. Ideally, adapters also have distinct ranges
* for their row ids, as returned by getItemId().
* 
*/
public class MergeAdapter extends BaseAdapter implements SectionIndexer {
    protected ArrayList<ListAdapter> pieces = new ArrayList<ListAdapter>();
    protected String noItemsText;

    /**
    * Stock constructor, simply chaining to the superclass.
    */
    public MergeAdapter() {
        super();
    }

    /**
    * Adds a new adapter to the roster of things to appear in the aggregate
    * list.
    * 
    * @param adapter
    *            Source for row views for this section
    */
    public void addAdapter(ListAdapter adapter) {
        pieces.add(adapter);
        adapter.registerDataSetObserver(new CascadeDataSetObserver());
    }

    /**
    * Get the data item associated with the specified position in the data set.
    * 
    * @param position
    *            Position of the item whose data we want
    */
    public Object getItem(int position) {
        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            int size = piece.getCount();

            if (position < size) {
                return (piece.getItem(position));
            }

            position -= size;
        }

        return (null);
    }

    public void setNoItemsText(String text){
        noItemsText = text;
    }

    /**
    * Get the adapter associated with the specified position in the data set.
    * 
    * @param position
    *            Position of the item whose adapter we want
    */
    public ListAdapter getAdapter(int position) {
        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            int size = piece.getCount();

            if (position < size) {
                return (piece);
            }

            position -= size;
        }

        return (null);
    }

    /**
    * How many items are in the data set represented by this Adapter.
    */
    public int getCount() { 
        int total = 0;

        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            total += piece.getCount();
        }

        if(total == 0 && noItemsText != null){
            total = 1;
        }

        return (total);
    }

    /**
    * Returns the number of types of Views that will be created by getView().
    */
    @Override
    public int getViewTypeCount() {
        int total = 0;

        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            total += piece.getViewTypeCount();
        }

        return (Math.max(total, 1)); // needed for setListAdapter() before
                                        // content add'
    }

    /**
    * Get the type of View that will be created by getView() for the specified
    * item.
    * 
    * @param position
    *            Position of the item whose data we want
    */
    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {
        int typeOffset = 0;
        int result = -1;

        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            int size = piece.getCount();

            if (position < size) {
                result = typeOffset + piece.getItemViewType(position);
                break;
            }

            position -= size;
            typeOffset += piece.getViewTypeCount();
        }

        return (result);
    }

    /**
    * Are all items in this ListAdapter enabled? If yes it means all items are
    * selectable and clickable.
    */
    @Override
    public boolean areAllItemsEnabled() {
        return (false);
    }

    /**
    * Returns true if the item at the specified position is not a separator.
    * 
    * @param position
    *            Position of the item whose data we want
    */
    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled(int position) {
        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            int size = piece.getCount();

            if (position < size) {
                return (piece.isEnabled(position));
            }

            position -= size;
        }

        return (false);
    }

    /**
    * Get a View that displays the data at the specified position in the data
    * set.
    * 
    * @param position
    *            Position of the item whose data we want
    * @param convertView
    *            View to recycle, if not null
    * @param parent
    *            ViewGroup containing the returned View
    */
    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            int size = piece.getCount();

            if (position < size) {

                return (piece.getView(position, convertView, parent));
            }

            position -= size;
        }

        if(noItemsText != null){
            TextView text = new TextView(parent.getContext());
            text.setText(noItemsText);
            return text;
        }

        return (null);
    }

    /**
    * Get the row id associated with the specified position in the list.
    * 
    * @param position
    *            Position of the item whose data we want
    */
    public long getItemId(int position) {
        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            int size = piece.getCount();

            if (position < size) {
                return (piece.getItemId(position));
            }

            position -= size;
        }

        return (-1);
    }

    public int getPositionForSection(int section) {
        int position = 0;

        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            if (piece instanceof SectionIndexer) {
                Object[] sections = ((SectionIndexer) piece).getSections();
                int numSections = 0;

                if (sections != null) {
                    numSections = sections.length;
                }

                if (section < numSections) {
                    return (position + ((SectionIndexer) piece)
                            .getPositionForSection(section));
                } else if (sections != null) {
                    section -= numSections;
                }
            }

            position += piece.getCount();
        }

        return (0);
    }

    public int getSectionForPosition(int position) {
        int section = 0;

        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            int size = piece.getCount();

            if (position < size) {
                if (piece instanceof SectionIndexer) {
                    return (section + ((SectionIndexer) piece)
                            .getSectionForPosition(position));
                }

                return (0);
            } else {
                if (piece instanceof SectionIndexer) {
                    Object[] sections = ((SectionIndexer) piece).getSections();

                    if (sections != null) {
                        section += sections.length;
                    }
                }
            }

            position -= size;
        }

        return (0);
    }

    public Object[] getSections() {
        ArrayList<Object> sections = new ArrayList<Object>();

        for (ListAdapter piece : pieces) {
            if (piece instanceof SectionIndexer) {
                Object[] curSections = ((SectionIndexer) piece).getSections();

                if (curSections != null) {
                    for (Object section : curSections) {
                        sections.add(section);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        if (sections.size() == 0) {
            return (null);
        }

        return (sections.toArray(new Object[0]));
    }

    private class CascadeDataSetObserver extends DataSetObserver {
        @Override
        public void onChanged() {
            notifyDataSetChanged();
        }

        @Override
        public void onInvalidated() {
            notifyDataSetInvalidated();
        }
    }
}

这里你需要如何使用它：

    MergeAdapter adapter = new MergeAdapter();
AdapterA adapterA = new AdapterA(...);
AdapterB adapterB = new AdapterB(...);

adapter.addAdapter(adapterA);
adapter.addAdapter(adapterB);

listview.setAdapter(adapter);

在列表视图中，您将拥有一个接一个的适配器 A 和适配器 B 并正确淋浴。这两个适配器可以有不同的对象。

再见。