如何在android中获取联系人类型？

Question

我想在我的布局中检索联系人姓名和他们的类型。我正在提供我的活动和布局文件。我得到一个无效的列类型异常。任何帮助都将非常重要。提前致谢。

TestActivity.class：

        package application.test;
        import android.app.ListActivity;

        import android.os.Bundle;
        import android.provider.ContactsContract;
        import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone;
        import android.provider.ContactsContract.Data;
        import android.view.LayoutInflater;
        import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams;
        import android.widget.LinearLayout;
        import android.widget.ListView;
        import android.widget.RelativeLayout;
        import android.content.ContentResolver;
        import android.database.Cursor;
        import android.database.SQLException;

        public class TestActivity extends ListActivity
        {
            String name[];
            String phoneType[];

            ListView lview; 
           ListViewAdapter lviewAdapter;
           @Override
            protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
            {

                super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);       
                 LayoutParams params = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT,LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);        
                LinearLayout mainLayout=new LinearLayout(this);
                mainLayout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);               
                LayoutInflater layoutInflater = getLayoutInflater();        
                mainLayout.addView(layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.main,null));
                mainLayout.addView(layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.extra,null));

                this.addContentView(mainLayout, params);


              lview = (ListView) findViewById(android.R.id.list);
             getContacts(); 
          lviewAdapter=new ListViewAdapter(this, name, phoneType);
              lview.setAdapter(lviewAdapter);



             }//onCreate


           public void getContacts(){
               int i=0;
               ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();

                         String[] projection = new String[] { Data._ID,
                      ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME, Phone.TYPE}; 

              Cursor cur = cr.query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,
                      projection, null, null, null); 



               if (cur != null && cur.moveToFirst()) { 

               try {

                    int indexID =  cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID);
                    int indexName = cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME);
                    int indexPhoneType = cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Phone.TYPE);

                 while (cur.moveToNext()) {

                    i++;
                     String id = cur.getString(indexID);    
                     name[i] = cur.getString(indexName);  
                     phoneType[i] =  cur.getString(indexPhoneType);
                 }

               } catch (SQLException sqle) {

              sqle.printStackTrace();
               } finally { 
                if (!cur.isClosed()) {
                    cur.close();
                }     
            }
           }
         }



        }

ListViewAdapter.class

        package application.test;
        import android.app.Activity;
        import android.view.LayoutInflater;
        import android.view.View;
        import android.view.ViewGroup;
        import android.widget.BaseAdapter;
        import android.widget.TextView;

        public class ListViewAdapter extends BaseAdapter  {

            Activity context;
            String name[];
            String phoneType[];

            public ListViewAdapter(Activity context,String[] name,String[] phoneType){
                super();
                this.context=context;
                   this.name=name;
                this.phoneType=phoneType;
            }




            @Override
            public int getCount() {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                return name.length;
            }

            @Override
            public Object getItem(int position) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                return null;
            }

            @Override
            public long getItemId(int position) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                return 0;
            }
        public class viewHolder {
            TextView top;
            TextView bottom;
        }

            @Override
            public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

                viewHolder holder;
                if(convertView==null){

                    LayoutInflater inflator=context.getLayoutInflater();
                convertView=inflator.inflate(R.layout.row,null);

                 holder=new viewHolder();
                holder.top=(TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.toptext);
                holder.bottom=(TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.bottomtext);
                convertView.setTag(holder);
                }else{
                    holder=(viewHolder)convertView.getTag();
                }

                holder.top.setText(name[position]);
                holder.bottom.setText(phoneType[position]);

                return convertView;
            }

 }         

row.xml：

          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
         <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="?android:attr/listPreferredItemHeight"
            android:padding="6dip">

            <LinearLayout
                android:orientation="vertical"
                android:layout_width="0dip"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:layout_height="fill_parent">
                <TextView
                    android:id="@+id/toptext"
                    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height="0dip"
                    android:layout_weight="1"
                    android:gravity="center_vertical"
                />
                <TextView
                    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height="0dip"
                    android:layout_weight="1" 
                    android:id="@+id/bottomtext"
                    android:singleLine="true"
                    android:ellipsize="marquee"
                />
            </LinearLayout>
        </LinearLayout> 

ma​​in.xml：

          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

            <RelativeLayout  xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          android:orientation="vertical"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:id="@+id/relativeLayout1"
             android:layout_height="fill_parent">
                <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1"
            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:text="All Contacts" android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
            android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"></TextView>
                <TextView android:id="@+id/textView2"
            android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:text="Search  " android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/editText1"
            android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/editText1"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"></TextView>
                <EditText android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="180dp" android:id="@+id/editText1" android:layout_below="@+id/textView1" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/textView2" android:layout_marginTop="18dp">
                    <requestFocus></requestFocus>
                </EditText>
                <Button android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="Search" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/button_searchContact"
            android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/editText1" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/editText1"></Button>
                <ListView android:id="@android:id/list"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_marginBottom="70dp"
            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_below="@+id/editText1"></ListView>
            </RelativeLayout>

extra.xml：

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

        <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
            android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:id="@+id/commonButtons"
            android:gravity="bottom">
            <ImageButton android:background="@drawable/favorite" android:layout_width="65dp" android:id="@+id/button_favorites" android:layout_height="50dp" android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_marginBottom="20dp"></ImageButton>
            <ImageButton android:background="@drawable/recents" android:layout_width="65dp" android:id="@+id/button_recent" android:layout_height="50dp" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/button_favorites" android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button_contacts"></ImageButton>
            <ImageButton android:background="@drawable/contacts" android:layout_width="65dp" android:id="@+id/button_contacts" android:layout_height="50dp" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/button_recent" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"></ImageButton>
            <ImageButton android:background="@drawable/keypad" android:layout_width="65dp" android:id="@+id/button_keypad" android:layout_height="50dp" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/button_contacts" android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button_about"></ImageButton>
            <ImageButton android:background="@drawable/about" android:layout_width="65dp" android:id="@+id/button_about" android:layout_height="50dp" android:layout_alignTop="@+id/button_keypad" android:layout_alignParentRight="true"></ImageButton>
            <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:text="Favorites"
            android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_below="@+id/button_recent" android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button_recent"></TextView>

        <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:text="Contacts"
            android:id="@+id/textView3" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignBaseline="@+id/textView2"
            android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/textView2" android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button_keypad" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button_contacts"></TextView>
        <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:text="  Recents" android:id="@+id/textView2" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_below="@+id/button_recent" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button_favorites" android:layout_alignRight="@+id/button_recent"></TextView>
        <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:text="  Keypad"
            android:id="@+id/textView4" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/button_contacts"
            android:layout_toLeftOf="@+id/button_about"></TextView>
        <TextView android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:text="   About"
            android:id="@+id/textView5" android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" android:layout_alignLeft="@+id/button_about"
            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"></TextView>
        </RelativeLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml：

        <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
        <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
              package="application.test"
              android:versionCode="1"
              android:versionName="1.0">
            <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8"/>
             <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"></uses-permission> 

            <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
                <activity android:name=".TestActivity"
                          android:label="@string/app_name">
                    <intent-filter>
                        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                    </intent-filter>
                </activity>

            </application>
        </manifest>

Answer 1

这是我用来测试代码的 Activity 类。布局并不重要，因为联系信息打印在标准输出上（查看 DDMS）。

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.SQLException;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone;  
import android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Data;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.CheckBox;
import android.widget.CompoundButton;
import android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter;

public final class ContactManager extends Activity {

public static final String TAG = "ContactManager";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
    Log.v(TAG, "Activity State: onCreate()");
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.contact_manager);

    testGetContacts();
}


private void testGetContacts() { 

        ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();

        String[] projection = new String[] { Data._ID,
                ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME, Phone.TYPE}; 

        Cursor cur = cr.query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,
                projection, null, null, null); 


        if (cur != null && cur.moveToFirst()) { 

        try {

            int indexID =  cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID);
            int indexName = cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME);
            int indexPhoneType = cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Phone.TYPE);

          while (cur.moveToNext()) {
              String id = cur.getString(indexID);    
              String name = cur.getString(indexName);  
              String phoneType =  cur.getString(indexPhoneType);

              System.out.println(id + "\n");
              System.out.println(name + "\n");
              System.out.println(phoneType + "\n");
          }

        } catch (SQLException sqle) {
           //handle exception here - like missing column name!         
        } finally { //close your cursor if it's not needed!
         if (!cur.isClosed()) {
             cur.close();
         }     
     }
    }

}

}

Answer 2

更好的代码建议：

0) 向您的代码添加投影 => 获取所有列效率低下

    String[] projection = new String[] { ContactsContract.Contacts._ID,
                ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME,ContactsContract.PhoneLookup.TYPE};

然后将投影添加到您的查询中：

Cursor cur = cr.query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,
                        projection, null, null, null);

1) 在您的循环中，每次迭代都会获取列索引。没有必要将 cur.getColumnIndex 移出循环。

2) 当使用游标时，你可以用 while-condition 循环来补充 for 循环。这是 impl 的建议。你的方法 getContacts():

  // A list of providers imports used!
 import android.provider.ContactsContract;
 import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone;
 import android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Data;

 public void getContacts(){
         ContentResolver cr = getContentResolver();

                   String[] projection = new String[] { Data._ID,
                ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME, Phone.TYPE}; 

        Cursor cur = cr.query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,
                projection, null, null, null); 
         // don't use this ContentProvider
        // Cursor cur = cr.query(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI,
                    //    projection, null, null, null);


         if (cur != null && cur.moveToFirst()) { 

         try {

              int indexID =  cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID);
              int indexName = cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME);
              int indexPhoneType = cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Phone.TYPE);

           while (cur.moveToNext()) {
            //do your logic here;           
              String id = cur.getString(indexID);    
              String name = cur.getString(indexName);  
              String phoneType =  cur.getString(indexPhoneType);
           }

         } catch (SQLException sqle) {
            //handle exception here - like missing column name!         
         } finally { //close your cursor if it's not needed!
          if (!cur.isClosed()) {
              cur.close();
          }     
      }
     }
   }

编辑：

使用这个导入：

 import android.provider.ContactsContract;
 import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone;
 import android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Data;

使用这个投影

   String[] projection = new String[] { ContactsContract.Contacts._ID,
            ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME,ContactsContract.PhoneLookup.TYPE};

使用这个查询：

   Crsor cur = cr.query(ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,
                projection, null, null, null); 

使用此列名称：

              int indexID =  cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID);
              int indexName = cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME);
              int indexPhoneType = cur.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Phone.TYPE);