原因：org.gradle.api.internal.plugins.PluginApplicationException：无法应用插件 [id 'com.android.application']

Question

Android Studio 3.6

build.gradle:

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.

buildscript {
    ext.AA_VERSION = '4.4.0'
    ext.kotlin_version = '1.2.21'
    ext.BUTTER_KNIFE_VERSION = '8.8.1'
    ext.GLIDE_VERSION = '4.2.0'

    repositories {
        google()
        jcenter()
    }
    dependencies {
       classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.6.0-beta05'
        classpath "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:$kotlin_version"

        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
        // in the individual module build.gradle files
    }
}

在 app/build.gradle 中

  buildscript {
        repositories {
            maven { url 'https://maven.fabric.io/public' }
        }
    }

    apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
    apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'
    apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'

    repositories {
        maven { url 'https://maven.fabric.io/public' }
    }

    def keystoreProperties = new Properties()
    keystoreProperties.load(new FileInputStream(rootProject.file("app/keystore.properties")))

    android {
        dataBinding {
            enabled = true
        }
        // Configure only for each module that uses Java 8
        // language features (either in its source code or
        // through dependencies). E.g. lambda expressions.
        compileOptions {
            targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
            sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        }
        compileSdkVersion 29
        defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.myproject"
        minSdkVersion 23
        targetSdkVersion 29
        versionCode 1
        versionName "0.0.1"

        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

    def anko_version = '0.10.4'

    dependencies {
        implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
        implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:26.1.0'
        implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.0.2'
        implementation 'com.android.support:design:26.1.0'
        implementation "com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:$GLIDE_VERSION"
        implementation 'org.greenrobot:eventbus:3.0.0'
        implementation "com.jakewharton:butterknife:$BUTTER_KNIFE_VERSION"
        implementation 'com.journeyapps:zxing-android-embedded:3.5.0'
        implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:3.8.0'
        implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.1.0'
        implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'
        implementation "org.androidannotations:androidannotations-api:$AA_VERSION"
        implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jre8:$kotlin_version"
        implementation "org.jetbrains.anko:anko:$anko_version"

        annotationProcessor "com.jakewharton:butterknife-compiler:$BUTTER_KNIFE_VERSION"
        annotationProcessor "org.androidannotations:androidannotations:$AA_VERSION"

        implementation project(':common')

        testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
        androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.1'
        androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.1'
        androidTestImplementation 'com.squareup.okhttp:mockwebserver:2.7.0'
    }

但从 Android Studio 启动时出现错误：

Caused by: org.gradle.api.internal.plugins.PluginApplicationException: Failed to apply plugin [id 'com.android.application']

但是当像这样从控制台启动时：

gradlew build

我收到另一个错误：

 Build file 'D:\dev\mobile\TAgent\app\build.gradle' line: 7

* What went wrong:
A problem occurred evaluating project ':app'.
> Failed to apply plugin [id 'com.android.internal.version-check']
   > Cannot parse project property android.enableD8='true ' of type 'class java.lang.String' as boolean. Expected 'true' or 'false'.

在这一行：

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

Answer 1

org.gradle.api.internal.plugins.PluginApplicationException: 您通常会收到此信息，因为您尝试使用的插件版本与所需的 Gradle 版本不匹配。

查看下面的链接以找到可以指导您的列表，它肯定解决了我的问题 https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/gradle-plugin

获得 Gradle 版本后，导航到 gradle-wrapper.properties 并编辑 distributionUrl。干杯

Answer 2

Gradle 是一个构建工具，而 android gradle plugin 是一个插件。 他们的版本有一些关系：

https://developer.android.com/studio/releases/gradle-plugin#updating-gradle

插件版本太新和gradle版本太旧时会出现这个问题。

一种解决方案： 打开根 build.gradle 文件，然后像这样更改 android gradle 插件的版本：

buildscript {
    ...
    dependencies {
        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:4.0.2'
        ...
    }
}

如果这不起作用，请将该版本更小，直到某个版本起作用。