使用 Espresso 进行测试时，如何在 Android 上的 NavigationView 中单击 menuItem？

Question

如何使用 Espresso 从设计库中单击 NavigationView 中的 menuItem？它在整个菜单可见的较大设备上运行良好，但在横向或较小设备中，我的菜单底部不在屏幕上，我无法找到滚动/滑动到这些菜单项的方法，因此我可以点击它们。

调用：

onView(withText(R.string.contact_us)).perform(scrollTo()).check(matches(isDisplayed())).perform(click());

生成以下内容：

原因：java.lang.RuntimeException: Action will not be executed 因为目标视图与以下一项或多项不匹配 约束：（视图具有有效的可见性=可见并且是后代 一个：（可从类分配：类 android.widget.ScrollView 或者是 可从类分配：类 android.widget.Horizo​​ntalScrollView)) 目标视图：“NavigationMenuItemView{id=-1, visibility=VISIBLE, 宽度=888，高度=144，有焦点=假，有焦点=假， has-window-focus=true, is-clickable=false, is-enabled=true, is-focused=false，is-focusable=false，is-layout-requested=false， is-selected=false，root-is-layout-requested=false， has-input-connection=false, x=0.0, y=1653.0, text=联系我们, input-type=0, ime-target=false, has-links=false}"

NavigationView 继承自 FrameLayout 并正在执行画布切换以滚动。 https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/design/widget/NavigationView.html

我尝试编写一个 customViewAction 以使用以下操作缓慢滚动屏幕并检查 menuItem 是否可见，如果不继续滚动，但我无法让它工作。

CoordinatesProvider coordinatesProvider = new CoordinatesProvider() {
        public float[] calculateCoordinates(View view) {
            float[] xy = GeneralLocation.BOTTOM_CENTER.calculateCoordinates(view);
            xy[0] += 0.0F * (float)view.getWidth();
            xy[1] += -0.083F * (float)view.getHeight();
            return xy;
        }
    };

onView(withId(R.id.navigation_view)).perform(new GeneralSwipeAction(Swipe.SLOW,
                             coordinatesProvider, GeneralLocation.TOP_CENTER, Press.FINGER));

onView(withText(R.string.contact_us)).check(matches(isDisplayed())).perform(click());

有人知道如何在 Espresso 上测试 navigationView 吗？我很确定我的 customViewAction 背后的逻辑会起作用，但我无法让它起作用。

Answer 1

我想通了，我使用了自定义 viewAction

public static ViewAction swipeForTextToBeVisible(final String text, final long millis, final View navigationView) {
        return new ViewAction() {
            @Override
            public Matcher<View> getConstraints() {
                return isRoot();
            }

            @Override
            public String getDescription() {
                return "swipe for a specific view with text <" + text + "> during " + millis + " millis.";
            }

            @Override
            public void perform(final UiController uiController, final View view) {
                uiController.loopMainThreadUntilIdle();
                final long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
                final long endTime = startTime + millis;
                final Matcher<View> viewMatcher = withText(text);

                do {
                    boolean returnAfterOneMoreSwipe = false; //not sure why I have to do one more swipe but it works

                    for (View child : TreeIterables.breadthFirstViewTraversal(view)) {
                        // found view with required ID
                        if (viewMatcher.matches(child) && child.getVisibility() == View.VISIBLE) {
                            returnAfterOneMoreSwipe = true;
                        }
                    }

                    CoordinatesProvider coordinatesProvider = new CoordinatesProvider() {
                        public float[] calculateCoordinates(View view) {
                            float[] xy = GeneralLocation.BOTTOM_CENTER.calculateCoordinates(view);
                            xy[0] += 0.0F * (float)view.getWidth();
                            xy[1] += -0.083F * (float)view.getHeight();
                            return xy;
                        }
                    };

                    //Below code is c/p from perform in android/support/test/espresso/action/GeneralSwipeAction.class
                    float[] startCoordinates = coordinatesProvider.calculateCoordinates(navigationView);
                    float[] endCoordinates = GeneralLocation.TOP_CENTER.calculateCoordinates(navigationView);
                    float[] precision = Press.FINGER.describePrecision();
                    Swiper.Status status = Swiper.Status.FAILURE;

                    for(int tries = 0; tries < 3 && status != Swiper.Status.SUCCESS; ++tries) {
                        try {
                            status = Swipe.SLOW.sendSwipe(uiController, startCoordinates, endCoordinates, precision);
                        } catch (RuntimeException var9) {
                            throw (new PerformException.Builder()).withActionDescription(this.getDescription()).withViewDescription(HumanReadables.describe(navigationView)).withCause(var9).build();
                        }

                        int duration = ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration();
                        if(duration > 0) {
                            uiController.loopMainThreadForAtLeast((long)duration);
                        }
                    }
                    //End c/p from android/support/test/espresso/action/GeneralSwipeAction.class

                    if (returnAfterOneMoreSwipe) {
                        return;
                    }

                    uiController.loopMainThreadForAtLeast(50);
                }
                while (System.currentTimeMillis() < endTime);

                // timeout happens
                throw new PerformException.Builder()
                        .withActionDescription(this.getDescription())
                        .withViewDescription(HumanReadables.describe(view))
                        .withCause(new TimeoutException())
                        .build();
            }
        };
    }

我不喜欢这个解决方案，它不是最干净的，因为由于某种原因，我必须在它说它可见但它有效之后再次滑动。

要使用它，您可以通过以下方式调用它：

onView(isRoot()).perform(CustomViewActions.swipeForTextToBeVisible(getActivity().getString(R.string.contact_us),2000, getActivity().findViewById(R.id.navigation_view)));

Answer 2

即使菜单项不可见（在列表中的某个位置），这对我也有用

onView(withId(R.id.nav_view)).perform(NavigationViewActions.navigateTo(R.id.nav_login));

Answer 3

您需要使用 espresso-contrib：

import android.support.test.espresso.contrib.DrawerActions;

要打开菜单，您可以这样做：

onView(withId(R.id.drawer_layout)).perform(DrawerActions.open());

您可以向下滚动到菜单项并检查它是否显示：

onView(withId(R.id.my_menu_item)).perform(scrollTo()).check(matches(isDisplayed()));

然后点击菜单项：

onView(withId(R.id.my_menu_item)).perform(click());