DexIndexOverflowException：无法将新索引 65772 合并到非巨型指令中！：巨型模式？和/或 Multi-Dex？幕后是什么？

Question

我已经尝试在我的项目的gradle中设置jumboMode，它似乎能够解决以下DexIndexOverflowException：

com.android.dex.DexException：无法将新索引 65536 合并到非巨型指令中！

DexIndexOverflowException：无法将新索引 65772 合并到非巨型指令中！

1) jumboMode 选项在幕后的实际作用是什么？

android {
    ...
    dexOptions {
        jumboMode true
    }

}

2) 我也注意到启用 multi-dex 也可以解决同样的问题，这两种方法之间的正确选择是什么？

android {
    ...
    defaultConfig {
        ...
        multiDexEnabled true
    }
}

Answer 1

“Jumbo”的意思是“和以前一样，但有大量的参考资料”。

DEX 文件中几乎所有内容都引用了 16 位值（甚至字节码都以 16 位“单元”形式存在），因此这里只能处理 65536 个对象（方法或字符串），仅此而已。

但是应用程序可以包含更多的字符串！如何解决这个限制？ Android 的开发人员刚刚添加了带有“jumbo”后缀的新操作码，因此您可以使用“const-string 16_bit_addr”或“const-string 32_bit_addr”来引用字符串，它们可以引用 2^32 个项目。目前https://source.android.com/devices/tech/dalvik/dalvik-bytecode“jumbo”后缀只存在于字符串（const-string/jumbo），但在旧文档中包含：

#
# Extended-width opcodes
#

op 00ff const-class/jumbo           41c  y type-ref      continue|throw
op 01ff check-cast/jumbo            41c  n type-ref      continue|throw
op 02ff instance-of/jumbo           52c  y type-ref      continue|throw
op 03ff new-instance/jumbo          41c  y type-ref      continue|throw
op 04ff new-array/jumbo             52c  y type-ref      continue|throw
op 05ff filled-new-array/jumbo      5rc  n type-ref      continue|throw
op 06ff iget/jumbo                  52c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 07ff iget-wide/jumbo             52c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 08ff iget-object/jumbo           52c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 09ff iget-boolean/jumbo          52c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 0aff iget-byte/jumbo             52c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 0bff iget-char/jumbo             52c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 0cff iget-short/jumbo            52c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 0dff iput/jumbo                  52c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 0eff iput-wide/jumbo             52c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 0fff iput-object/jumbo           52c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 10ff iput-boolean/jumbo          52c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 11ff iput-byte/jumbo             52c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 12ff iput-char/jumbo             52c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 13ff iput-short/jumbo            52c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 14ff sget/jumbo                  41c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 15ff sget-wide/jumbo             41c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 16ff sget-object/jumbo           41c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 17ff sget-boolean/jumbo          41c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 18ff sget-byte/jumbo             41c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 19ff sget-char/jumbo             41c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 1aff sget-short/jumbo            41c  y field-ref     continue|throw
op 1bff sput/jumbo                  41c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 1cff sput-wide/jumbo             41c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 1dff sput-object/jumbo           41c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 1eff sput-boolean/jumbo          41c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 1fff sput-byte/jumbo             41c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 20ff sput-char/jumbo             41c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 21ff sput-short/jumbo            41c  n field-ref     continue|throw
op 22ff invoke-virtual/jumbo        5rc  n method-ref    continue|throw|invoke
op 23ff invoke-super/jumbo          5rc  n method-ref    continue|throw|invoke
op 24ff invoke-direct/jumbo         5rc  n method-ref    continue|throw|invoke
op 25ff invoke-static/jumbo         5rc  n method-ref    continue|throw|invoke
op 26ff invoke-interface/jumbo      5rc  n method-ref    continue|throw|invoke