如何解决“缺少要链接的主机！请提供 :host 参数”？ （罗尔）

Question

我正在关注RoR Tutorial，但我被困在Listing 9.15

运行 'bundle exec rspec spec/' 后出现以下错误：

1) Authentication authorization as wrong user submitting a PATCH request to the Users#update action 
     Failure/Error: specify { expect(response).to redirect_to(root_url) }
     ArgumentError:
       Missing host to link to! Please provide the :host parameter, set default_url_options[:host], or set :only_path to true
     # ./spec/features/authentication_pages_spec.rb:79:in `block (5 levels) in <top (required)>'

我的认证测试代码是：

需要'spec_helper'

describe "Authentication", type: :request do

  subject { page }


  describe "signin page" do
    before { visit signin_path }

    it { should have_content('Sign in') }
    it { should have_title('Sign in') }
  end

  describe "signin" do
    before { visit signin_path }

    describe "with invalid information" do
      before { click_button "Sign in" }

      it { should have_title('Sign in') }
      it { should have_selector('div.alert.alert-error', text: 'Invalid') }

      describe "after visiting another page" do
        before { click_link "Home" }
        it { should_not have_selector('div.alert.alert-error') }
      end

    end

    describe "with valid information" do
      let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
      before { sign_in user }

      #it { should have_title(user.name) }
      it { should have_link('Profile',     href: user_path(user)) }
      it { should have_link('Settings',    href: edit_user_path(user)) }
      it { should have_link('Sign out',    href: signout_path) }
      it { should_not have_link('Sign in', href: signin_path) }

      describe "followed by signout" do
        before { click_link "Sign out" }
        it { should have_link('Sign in') }
      end
    end
  end

  describe "authorization" do

    describe "for non-signed-in users" do
      let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }

      describe "in the Users controller" do

        describe "visiting the edit page" do
          before { visit edit_user_path(user) }
          it { should have_title('Sign in') }
        end

        describe "submitting to the update action" do
          before { patch user_path(user) }
          specify { expect(response).to redirect_to(signin_path) }
        end
      end
    end

    describe "as wrong user" do
      let(:user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user) }
      let(:wrong_user) { FactoryGirl.create(:user, email: "wrong@example.com") }
      before { sign_in user, no_capybara: true }

      describe "visiting Users#edit page" do
        before { visit edit_user_path(wrong_user) }
        #it { should_not have_title(full_title('Edit user')) }
      end

      describe "submitting a PATCH request to the Users#update action" do
        before { patch user_path(wrong_user) }
        specify { expect(response).to redirect_to(root_url) }
      end
    end

  end
end

我不知道如何解决这个问题，所以测试通过了。我如何解决它？有人可以解释发生了什么问题吗？ （根据教程，测试应该通过）。

Answer 1

问题可能是你没有为测试环境定义default_host。在 config/environments/test.rb 中定义 default_host，如下所示：

config.action_mailer.default_url_options = {:host => "localhost:3000"}

Answer 2

最后我只是用了：

root_path

代替：

root_url

Answer 3

对于像 OP 示例中显示的控制器测试这样的测试，需要另一个设置来解决此错误。 Kesha Antonov 提到，您可以改用路由的 default_url_options。通过在 config/environments/test.rb 的最后一行（end 之后）添加以下设置，您的测试将使用给定的主机来构建 URL：

Rails.application.routes.default_url_options[:host] = 'lvh.me:3000'

正如 OP 在另一个答案中提到的，当错误来自名为 route 的 URL 时，您可以改为切换到 Path Named Route。

如果您想为邮件预览设置默认主机，您将需要其他答案中提到的 action_mailer.default_url_options。

config.action_mailer.default_url_options = { :host => "localhost:3000" }

有关 action_mailer 设置的更多信息，请参阅 Action Mailer API 文档中的生成 URL。

Answer 4

您必须在每个环境（开发、测试、生产）中设置 default_url。

您需要进行这些更改。

    config/environments/development.rb
     config.action_mailer.default_url_options = 
      { :host => 'your-host-name' }  #if it is local then 'localhost:3000'

 config/environments/test.rb
      config.action_mailer.default_url_options = 
      { :host => 'your-host-name' }  #if it is local then 'localhost:3000'

  config/environments/development.rb
     config.action_mailer.default_url_options = 
      { :host => 'your-host-name' }  #if it is local then 'localhost:3000'

Answer 5

您可以使用 skip_confirmation! 方法避免此错误。

user = User.new(email: "example@example.com", password: "1234pass5678word")
user.skip_confirmation!
user.save
user