当 NoActionBar 设置为 App Theme 时，如何向 Android PreferenceActivity 添加工具栏？

Question

我有以下问题。我想为 Android Studio 生成的preferencesActivity 添加一个工具栏，但我使用NoActionBar 作为我的应用主题（因为我的活动中有一个自定义工具栏）。

生成的 Preferences Activity 没有布局文件，我可以在其中添加该工具栏。有没有办法设置它？ （在这种情况下，即使是标准工具栏也可以使用，因为我只需要显示后退按钮和标题）

PreferencesActivity

package PACKAGENAME

import android.annotation.TargetApi
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import android.content.res.Configuration
import android.media.RingtoneManager
import android.net.Uri
import android.os.Build
import android.os.Bundle
import android.preference.ListPreference
import android.preference.Preference
import android.preference.PreferenceActivity
import android.preference.PreferenceFragment
import android.preference.PreferenceManager
import android.preference.RingtonePreference
import android.text.TextUtils
import android.view.MenuItem
import android.support.v4.app.NavUtils
import de.dilello.quickpark.R

/**
 * A [PreferenceActivity] that presents a set of application settings. On
 * handset devices, settings are presented as a single list. On tablets,
 * settings are split by category, with category headers shown to the left of
 * the list of settings.
 *
 * See [Android Design: Settings](http://developer.android.com/design/patterns/settings.html)
 * for design guidelines and the [Settings API Guide](http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/ui/settings.html)
 * for more information on developing a Settings UI.
 */
class SettingsActivity : AppCompatPreferenceActivity() {

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setupActionBar()
    }

    /**
     * Set up the [android.app.ActionBar], if the API is available.
     */
    private fun setupActionBar() {
        supportActionBar?.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true)
    }

    override fun onMenuItemSelected(featureId: Int, item: MenuItem): Boolean {
        val id = item.itemId
        if (id == android.R.id.home) {
            if (!super.onMenuItemSelected(featureId, item)) {
                NavUtils.navigateUpFromSameTask(this)
            }
            return true
        }
        return super.onMenuItemSelected(featureId, item)
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    override fun onIsMultiPane(): Boolean {
        return isXLargeTablet(this)
    }

    /**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     */
    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
    override fun onBuildHeaders(target: List<PreferenceActivity.Header>) {
        loadHeadersFromResource(R.xml.pref_headers, target)
    }

    /**
     * This method stops fragment injection in malicious applications.
     * Make sure to deny any unknown fragments here.
     */
    override fun isValidFragment(fragmentName: String): Boolean {
        return PreferenceFragment::class.java.name == fragmentName
                || GeneralPreferenceFragment::class.java.name == fragmentName
                || DataSyncPreferenceFragment::class.java.name == fragmentName
                || NotificationPreferenceFragment::class.java.name == fragmentName
    }

    /**
     * This fragment shows general preferences only. It is used when the
     * activity is showing a two-pane settings UI.
     */
    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
    class GeneralPreferenceFragment : PreferenceFragment() {
        override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
            addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_general)
            setHasOptionsMenu(true)

            // Bind the summaries of EditText/List/Dialog/Ringtone preferences
            // to their values. When their values change, their summaries are
            // updated to reflect the new value, per the Android Design
            // guidelines.
            bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("example_text"))
            bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("example_list"))
        }

        override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
            val id = item.itemId
            if (id == android.R.id.home) {
                startActivity(Intent(activity, SettingsActivity::class.java))
                return true
            }
            return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item)
        }
    }

    /**
     * This fragment shows notification preferences only. It is used when the
     * activity is showing a two-pane settings UI.
     */
    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
    class NotificationPreferenceFragment : PreferenceFragment() {
        override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
            addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_notification)
            setHasOptionsMenu(true)

            // Bind the summaries of EditText/List/Dialog/Ringtone preferences
            // to their values. When their values change, their summaries are
            // updated to reflect the new value, per the Android Design
            // guidelines.
            bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("notifications_new_message_ringtone"))
        }

        override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
            val id = item.itemId
            if (id == android.R.id.home) {
                startActivity(Intent(activity, SettingsActivity::class.java))
                return true
            }
            return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item)
        }
    }

    /**
     * This fragment shows data and sync preferences only. It is used when the
     * activity is showing a two-pane settings UI.
     */
    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
    class DataSyncPreferenceFragment : PreferenceFragment() {
        override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
            addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_data_sync)
            setHasOptionsMenu(true)

            // Bind the summaries of EditText/List/Dialog/Ringtone preferences
            // to their values. When their values change, their summaries are
            // updated to reflect the new value, per the Android Design
            // guidelines.
            bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("sync_frequency"))
        }

        override fun onOptionsItemSelected(item: MenuItem): Boolean {
            val id = item.itemId
            if (id == android.R.id.home) {
                startActivity(Intent(activity, SettingsActivity::class.java))
                return true
            }
            return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item)
        }
    }

    companion object {

        /**
         * A preference value change listener that updates the preference's summary
         * to reflect its new value.
         */
        private val sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener = Preference.OnPreferenceChangeListener { preference, value ->
            val stringValue = value.toString()

            if (preference is ListPreference) {
                // For list preferences, look up the correct display value in
                // the preference's 'entries' list.
                val listPreference = preference
                val index = listPreference.findIndexOfValue(stringValue)

                // Set the summary to reflect the new value.
                preference.setSummary(
                        if (index >= 0)
                            listPreference.entries[index]
                        else
                            null)

            } else if (preference is RingtonePreference) {
                // For ringtone preferences, look up the correct display value
                // using RingtoneManager.
                if (TextUtils.isEmpty(stringValue)) {
                    // Empty values correspond to 'silent' (no ringtone).
                    preference.setSummary(R.string.pref_ringtone_silent)

                } else {
                    val ringtone = RingtoneManager.getRingtone(
                            preference.getContext(), Uri.parse(stringValue))

                    if (ringtone == null) {
                        // Clear the summary if there was a lookup error.
                        preference.setSummary(null)
                    } else {
                        // Set the summary to reflect the new ringtone display
                        // name.
                        val name = ringtone.getTitle(preference.getContext())
                        preference.setSummary(name)
                    }
                }

            } else {
                // For all other preferences, set the summary to the value's
                // simple string representation.
                preference.summary = stringValue
            }
            true
        }

        /**
         * Helper method to determine if the device has an extra-large screen. For
         * example, 10" tablets are extra-large.
         */
        private fun isXLargeTablet(context: Context): Boolean {
            return context.resources.configuration.screenLayout and Configuration.SCREENLAYOUT_SIZE_MASK >= Configuration.SCREENLAYOUT_SIZE_XLARGE
        }

        /**
         * Binds a preference's summary to its value. More specifically, when the
         * preference's value is changed, its summary (line of text below the
         * preference title) is updated to reflect the value. The summary is also
         * immediately updated upon calling this method. The exact display format is
         * dependent on the type of preference.

         * @see .sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener
         */
        private fun bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(preference: Preference) {
            // Set the listener to watch for value changes.
            preference.onPreferenceChangeListener = sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener

            // Trigger the listener immediately with the preference's
            // current value.
            sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener.onPreferenceChange(preference,
                    PreferenceManager
                            .getDefaultSharedPreferences(preference.context)
                            .getString(preference.key, ""))
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

创建PreferenceActivitys 自己的样式并将其应用到清单中的android:theme 属性中。 或者，如果您没有特定理由使用PreferenceActivity，请改用常规Activity 或AppCompatActivity，并在其中添加PreferenceFragment。

Answer 2

您可以使用 android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar 小部件创建自定义工具栏。
例如，如下创建toolbar_layout：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
android:orientation="vertical">

<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
    android:id="@+id/toolbar"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:background="@color/colorPrimary"
    android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
    android:contentInsetStart="0dp"
    android:contentInsetLeft="0dp"
    app:contentInsetLeft="0dp"
    app:contentInsetStart="0dp"
    app:theme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark"
    app:popupTheme="@style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light"
    app:titleTextColor="@android:color/white">

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_margin="5dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:orientation="horizontal">

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/iv_menu"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:padding="5dp"
            android:src="@drawable/ic_menu"
            />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tvTitle"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:textColor="@android:color/white"
            android:textSize="@dimen/toolbar_title_size"
            android:gravity="center"
            android:text="MDS Manager"
            android:singleLine="true"
            android:typeface="monospace"
            />

    </LinearLayout>
</android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar>

</LinearLayout>

现在您必须在 Activity 的 xml 文件中包含 toolbar_layout，如下所示：

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.mds.manager.mdsmanager.activities.MainActivity">

<include
    layout="@layout/toolbar_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

最后你的 style.xml 如下所示：

<resources>

<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
    <!-- Customize your theme here. -->
    <item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
    <item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
    <item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
    <item name="android:typeface">serif</item>
</style>

</resources>

希望这个回答对你有帮助