【问题标题】:Send multiple messages between a native named pipe and a System.IO named pipe在本机命名管道和 System.IO 命名管道之间发送多条消息
【发布时间】:2010-12-18 22:34:42
【问题描述】:

我需要在本地命名管道和 System.IO 命名管道之间发送多条消息。我从 All-In-One Code Framework(IPC 和 RPC)获得了这种通信两端的代码。

服务器:

SafePipeHandle hNamedPipe = null;

try { SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa = null;
sa = CreateNativePipeSecurity();

// Create the named pipe.
hNamedPipe = NativeMethod.CreateNamedPipe(
    Constants.FullPipeName,             // The unique pipe name.
    PipeOpenMode.PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX,    // The pipe is duplex
    PipeMode.PIPE_TYPE_MESSAGE |        // Message type pipe 
    PipeMode.PIPE_READMODE_MESSAGE |    // Message-read mode 
    PipeMode.PIPE_WAIT,                 // Blocking mode is on
    PIPE_UNLIMITED_INSTANCES,           // Max server instances
    1024,                 // Output buffer size
    1024,                 // Input buffer size
    NMPWAIT_USE_DEFAULT_WAIT,           // Time-out interval
    sa                                  // Pipe security attributes
);

if (hNamedPipe.IsInvalid)
{
    throw new Win32Exception();
}

Console.WriteLine("The named pipe ({0}) is created.", Constants.FullPipeName);

// Wait for the client to connect.
Console.WriteLine("Waiting for the client's connection...");
if (!NativeMethod.ConnectNamedPipe(hNamedPipe, IntPtr.Zero))
{
    if (Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() != ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED)
    {
        throw new Win32Exception();
    }
}
Console.WriteLine("Client is connected.");

// 
// Receive a request from client.
// 

string message;
bool finishRead = false;
do
{
    byte[] bRequest = new byte[1024];
    int cbRequest = bRequest.Length, cbRead;

    finishRead = NativeMethod.ReadFile(
        hNamedPipe,             // Handle of the pipe
        bRequest,               // Buffer to receive data
        cbRequest,              // Size of buffer in bytes
        out cbRead,             // Number of bytes read 
        IntPtr.Zero             // Not overlapped 
        );

    if (!finishRead &&
        Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() != ERROR_MORE_DATA)
    {
        throw new Win32Exception();
    }

    // Unicode-encode the received byte array and trim all the 
    // '\0' characters at the end.
    message = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(bRequest).TrimEnd('\0');
    Console.WriteLine("Receive {0} bytes from client: \"{1}\"", cbRead, message);
}
while (!finishRead);  // Repeat loop if ERROR_MORE_DATA

// 
// Send a response from server to client.
// 

message = "Goodbye\0";
byte[] bResponse = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(message);
int cbResponse = bResponse.Length, cbWritten;

if (!NativeMethod.WriteFile(
    hNamedPipe,                 // Handle of the pipe
    bResponse,                  // Message to be written
    cbResponse,                 // Number of bytes to write
    out cbWritten,              // Number of bytes written
    IntPtr.Zero                 // Not overlapped
    ))
{
    throw new Win32Exception();
}

Console.WriteLine("Send {0} bytes to client: \"{1}\"",
    cbWritten, message.TrimEnd('\0'));

// Flush the pipe to allow the client to read the pipe's contents 
// before disconnecting. Then disconnect the client's connection.
NativeMethod.FlushFileBuffers(hNamedPipe);
NativeMethod.DisconnectNamedPipe(hNamedPipe); 

} 捕捉(异常前){ Console.WriteLine("服务器抛出错误:{0}", ex.Message); } 最后 { 如果(hNamedPipe!= null) { hNamedPipe.Close(); hNamedPipe = null; } }

客户:

            NamedPipeClientStream pipeClient = null;

        try
        {
            // Try to open the named pipe identified by the pipe name.

            pipeClient = new NamedPipeClientStream(
                ".",         // The server name
                Constants.PipeName,           // The unique pipe name
                PipeDirection.InOut,        // The pipe is duplex
                PipeOptions.None            // No additional parameters
            );

            pipeClient.Connect(5000);
            MessageBox.Show(
                string.Format( "The named pipe ({0}) is connected.", Constants.PipeName )
            );

            pipeClient.ReadMode = PipeTransmissionMode.Message;

            // 
            // Send a request from client to server
            // 

            for ( int i = 0; i < 2; i++ ) {

                string message = "hello my pipe dream\0";
                byte[] bRequest = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes( message );
                int cbRequest = bRequest.Length;

                pipeClient.Write( bRequest, 0, cbRequest );

                MessageBox.Show(
                    string.Format( "Send {0} bytes to server: \"{1}\"", cbRequest, message.TrimEnd( '\0' ) )
                );
            }

            //
            // Receive a response from server.
            // 

            do
            {
                byte[] bResponse = new byte[1024];
                int cbResponse = bResponse.Length, cbRead;

                cbRead = pipeClient.Read(bResponse, 0, cbResponse);

                // Unicode-encode the received byte array and trim all the 
                // '\0' characters at the end.
                string message = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(bResponse).TrimEnd('\0');
                Console.WriteLine("Receive {0} bytes from server: \"{1}\"",
                    cbRead, message);
            }
            while (!pipeClient.IsMessageComplete);

        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            new ErrorDialog( ex ).ShowDialog();
        }
        finally
        {
            // Close the pipe.
            if (pipeClient != null)
            {
                pipeClient.Close();
                pipeClient = null;
            }
        }
    }

从上面“从客户端向服务器发送请求”部分的 for 循环中可以看到,我试图弄清楚如何向服务器发送多条消息。我看到服务器代码循环执行,直到 NativeMethod.ReadFile() 方法返回 true。我的问题是,在读取第一条消息后它总是返回 true,而忽略第二条消息所以我的问题,具体来说,是我需要在客户端代码中做什么,以便此方法返回 false,然后它将去获取第二条消息。

【问题讨论】:

    标签: c# named-pipes .net native-methods


    【解决方案1】:

    除了一次写入将其所有“消息”发送到管道之外,客户端无能为力。这是因为,在消息模式下,消息由发送方的写入调用完成分隔,并且您的服务器代码显式地只读取一条消息(在管道消息模式意义上)。请参阅 CreateNamedPipeReadFile API 文档:

    数据作为 消息流。管子对待 每次写入期间写入的字节数 作为消息单元进行操作。

    如果正在读取命名管道 消息模式,下一条消息是 比 nNumberOfBytesToRead 长 参数指定,ReadFile 返回 FALSE 和 GetLastError 返回 ERROR_MORE_DATA。其余的 消息可以被后续阅读 调用 ReadFile 或 PeekNamedPipe 函数。

    处理多条消息的可能方法是:

    • 定义一些更高级别的框架 客户端可以告诉的协议 服务器要读取多少条消息 在每个消息交换中。然后,客户端将发送一系列消息,例如 [frameing header:count=3][message 1][message 2][message 3],或者 [message 1][message 2][message 3][frame trail:没有更多消息];
    • 一个多线程服务器,其中有 是一个连续的专用线程 从客户端读取消息, 其他操作,如写作 返回给客户端的消息正在 在其他线程上完成;

    【讨论】:

      【解决方案2】:

      谢谢你,克里斯,你把我指向文档。我对你的答案投了赞成票,因为你引用的引文让我找到了我正在寻找的答案。

      原来我只是被服务器代码的“接收来自客户端的请求”部分中的 do/while 循环弄糊涂了。也就是说,在我看来,它正在从客户端检索多条消息。但实际上,它是在检索单个消息的连续部分。我按如下方式更新了该代码部分。

      // Receive a request from client.
      
      string message = string.Empty;
      bool finishRead = false;
      do
      {
          byte[] bRequest = new byte[1024];
          int cbRequest = bRequest.Length, cbRead;
      
          finishRead = NativeMethod.ReadFile(
              hNamedPipe,             // Handle of the pipe
              bRequest,               // Buffer to receive data
              cbRequest,              // Size of buffer in bytes
              out cbRead,             // Number of bytes read 
              IntPtr.Zero             // Not overlapped 
              );
      
          if (!finishRead &&
              Marshal.GetLastWin32Error() != ERROR_MORE_DATA)
          {
              throw new Win32Exception();
          }
      
          // Unicode-encode the received byte array and trim all the 
          // '\0' characters at the end.
          message += Encoding.Unicode.GetString(bRequest).TrimEnd('\0');
      }
      while (!finishRead);  // Repeat loop if ERROR_MORE_DATA
      
      Console.WriteLine( "Message received from client: \"{0}\"", message );
      

      至于在客户端对服务器的请求中分隔多个“消息”,我可能只会使用换行符。

      【讨论】:

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