使用 ASP.NET Core 2.2 “找不到任何兼容的框架版本”答案

【问题标题】："It was not possible to find any compatible framework version" with ASP.NET Core 2.2使用 ASP.NET Core 2.2 “找不到任何兼容的框架版本”
【发布时间】：2019-03-26 14:06:57
【问题描述】：

我有一个 ASP.Net Core MVC 2.2 应用程序。在 Visual Studio 中运行应用程序可以正常工作。但是，当我尝试使用 dotnet publish 发布应用程序时，我收到以下错误：

It was not possible to find any compatible framework version
  The specified framework 'Microsoft.NETCore.App', version '1.0.0' was not found.
    - Check application dependencies and target a framework version installed at:
        C:\Program Files\dotnet\
    - Installing .NET Core prerequisites might help resolve this problem:
        https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=798306&clcid=0x409
    - The .NET Core framework and SDK can be installed from:
        https://aka.ms/dotnet-download
    - The following versions are installed:
        2.0.9 at [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
        2.1.5 at [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
        2.1.6 at [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
        2.1.7 at [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
        2.1.8 at [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
        2.1.9 at [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
        2.2.2 at [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
        2.2.3 at [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]

我不明白哪里可以引用 V 1.0.0，这里是 dotnet --info 的输出

.NET Core SDK (gem„á "global.json"):
 Version:   2.2.105
 Commit:    7cecb35b92

Laufzeitumgebung:
 OS Name:     Windows
 OS Version:  10.0.17763
 OS Platform: Windows
 RID:         win10-x64
 Base Path:   C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk\2.2.105\

Host (useful for support):
  Version: 2.2.3
  Commit:  6b8ad509b6

.NET Core SDKs installed:
  2.1.202 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  2.1.403 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  2.1.500 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  2.1.502 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  2.1.503 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  2.1.504 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  2.1.505 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  2.2.104 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]
  2.2.105 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\sdk]

.NET Core runtimes installed:
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.5 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.7 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.8 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.1.9 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.2.2 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 2.2.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.All]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.5 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.7 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.8 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.1.9 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.2.2 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 2.2.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.AspNetCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.0.9 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.5 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.6 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.7 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.8 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.1.9 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.2.2 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]
  Microsoft.NETCore.App 2.2.3 [C:\Program Files\dotnet\shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App]

没有使用 global.json 文件，*.csproj 文件看起来像：

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

  <PropertyGroup>
   <TargetFramework>netcoreapp2.2</TargetFramework>
    <AssetTargetFallback>$(AssetTargetFallback);portable-net45+win8+wp8+wpa81;</AssetTargetFallback>
    <PreserveCompilationContext>true</PreserveCompilationContext>
    <AssemblyName>a17e.Web</AssemblyName>
    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
    <PackageId>a17e.Web</PackageId>
    <TypeScriptToolsVersion>3.1</TypeScriptToolsVersion>
    <AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>true</AutoGenerateBindingRedirects>
    <RestoreProjectStyle>PackageReference</RestoreProjectStyle>
  </PropertyGroup>

  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='thi|AnyCPU'" />

  <ItemGroup>
    <None Include="App.config" />
    <None Update="log4net.config">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
      <CopyToPublishDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToPublishDirectory>
    </None>
    <None Update="Views\**\*;Areas\**\*.cshtml">
      <CopyToPublishDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToPublishDirectory>
    </None>
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <ProjectReference Include="..\a17e.Application\a17e.Application.csproj" />
    <ProjectReference Include="..\a17e.EntityFrameworkCore\a17e.EntityFrameworkCore.csproj" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <PackageReference Include="Castle.LoggingFacility.MsLogging" Version="3.1.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.BrowserLink" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="BundlerMinifier.Core" Version="2.9.406" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.IdentityModel.Tokens" Version="5.4.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Abp.AspNetCore" Version="4.4.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Abp.Castle.Log4Net" Version="4.4.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Facebook" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.Google" Version="2.2.2" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.MicrosoftAccount" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.EntityFrameworkCore" Version="2.2.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration" Version="2.2.1" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.Session" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer" Version="2.2.3" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer.Design" Version="1.1.6" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Tools" Version="2.2.3">
      <PrivateAssets>all</PrivateAssets>
      <IncludeAssets>runtime; build; native; contentfiles; analyzers</IncludeAssets>
    </PackageReference>
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Logging" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.CodeGeneration.Design" Version="2.2.3" />
    <PackageReference Include="Npgsql.EntityFrameworkCore.PostgreSQL" Version="2.2.0" />
    <PackageReference Include="System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource" Version="4.5.1" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup Condition=" '$(TargetFramework)' == 'net461' ">
    <Reference Include="System" />
    <Reference Include="Microsoft.CSharp" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <Target Name="PrepublishScript" BeforeTargets="PrepareForPublish">
    <Exec Command="dotnet bundle" />
  </Target>

  <ItemGroup>
    <DotNetCliToolReference Include="BundlerMinifier.Core" Version="2.2.301" />
  </ItemGroup>

  <ItemGroup>
    <Folder Include="logs\" />
    <Folder Include="wwwroot\css\views\account\" />
  </ItemGroup>

</Project>

【问题讨论】：

您的csproj 文件是什么样的？您的项目结构或项目上方的目录中是否有任何global.json 文件？
在 ASP.NET Core MVC 应用程序中不引用 Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 是不寻常的。你手动删除了吗？另外，因为它抱怨缺少Microsoft.NETCore.App，所以我想知道是不是子项目有问题。
该项目是从 .net 4.5 手动转换的 - 所以有些东西可能会丢失。关于 Microsoft.NETCore.App：不建议将其包含为 PackageReference（请参阅docs.microsoft.com/de-de/dotnet/core/tools/…）
我不建议你加Microsoft.NETCore.App，我建议你可能要加Microsoft.AspNetCore.App。创建一个新的空白项目，看看它的默认值。
对不起，我把这两个弄混了。我添加了 Microsoft.AspNetCore.App 并将设置与新创建的项目进行了比较，但错误仍然相同。

标签： c# asp.net .net-core

【解决方案1】：

我认为问题出在您的PrepublishScript (dotnet bundle)。包BundlerMinifier.Core（2.9.406 版）依赖于：

.NETCoreApp1.0
.NETCoreApp2.0
.NETFramework4.5.2
.NETStandard2.0

似乎由于该项目以netcoreapp2.2 为目标，因此此引用失败并且实际上退回到netcoreapp1.0 或者只是给出了误导性信息。为了进行健全性检查，也许将项目降级为 netcoreapp2.0 以验证它是否有效。

请注意，netcoreapp2.2 实现了netstandard2.0，所以我希望这一切正常，但在依赖解析期间可能不会发生推理。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

我在运行 .NET 核心解决方案时遇到了同样的问题。我通过安装缺少的 .NET 核心组件来解决：

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

解决方案是我引用了旧版本的 BundlerMinifier.Core - 更改解决了问题：

<DotNetCliToolReference Include="BundlerMinifier.Core" Version="2.9.406" />

我还发现了一个错误描述：https://github.com/madskristensen/BundlerMinifier/issues/292

【讨论】：

这解决了我在项目文件中直接运行“dotnet bundle”并作为我的预发布脚本的一部分的相同问题 - 在不再安装 .NET Core 1.0.0 的新机器上设置

【解决方案4】：

该错误是由于您的机器中缺少 .NET Core 1.0.0 运行时。您可以使用 visualstudio 安装程序进行安装

【讨论】：