如何在 C# MVC 中生成正确的 JSON 结果

Question

我正在用 C# 开发一个 MVC 应用程序并希望生成 JSON 结果，例如：

var json = {
    id: "1",
    name: "Ram | 1",
    data: {},
    children: [{
        id: "2",
        name: "Hari | 2",
        data: {},
        children: [{
            id: "Sam3",
            name: "2.4",
            data: {},
            children: []
        }, {
            id: "4",
            name: "Jon | 4",
            data: {},
            children: [{
                id: "5",
                name: "Smith | 5",
                data: {},
                children: [{
                    id: "6",
                    name: "Max | 6",
                    data: {},
                    children: []
                }]
            }]
        }]
    }, {
        id: "7",
        name: "Himanshu | 7",
        data: {},
        children: [{
            id: "8",
            name: "Jack | 8",
            data: {},
            children: [{
                id: "9",
                name: "Mad | 9",
                data: {},
                children: [{
                    id: "10",
                    name: "Jacky | 10",
                    data: {},
                    children: []
                }, {
                    id: "11",
                    name: "Anchor | 11",
                    data: {},
                    children: []
                }]
            }, {
                id: "12",
                name: "Dam | 12",
                data: {},
                children: [{
                    id: "13",
                    name: "Xyz | 13",
                    data: {},
                    children: []
                }]
            }, {
                id: "14",
                name: "History | 14",
                data: {},
                children: [{
                    id: "15",
                    name: "java | 15",
                    data: {},
                    children: []
                }, {
                    id: "16",
                    name: "Blue | 16",
                    data: {},
                    children: []
                }, {
                    id: "17",
                    name: "Kali | 17",
                    data: {},
                    children: []
                }, {
                    id: "18",
                    name: "lon | 18",
                    data: {},
                    children: []
                }]
            }]
        }]
    }]
};`

我在 C# 中的 JSON 函数：

[HttpPost]
    public JsonResult CalculateTreeView(int sid)
    {
        /*
            Some Code Logic
        */
        if (res != null)
            if (res.l_id != 0)
                return Json(new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new { }, children = new object[] { CalculateTreeView(res.l_id) } });
            else
                return Json(new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new { }, children = new object[] { } });
        else
            return Json(new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new { }, children = new object[] { } });
    }

我的这个 C# 函数返回奇怪的输出，我不知道为什么..

{
"id":1,
"name":"anant | 1",
"data":{},
"children":[{
        "ContentEncoding":null,
        "ContentType":null,
        "Data":{
            "id":2,
            "name":"Samir | 2",
            "data":{},
            "children":[{
                    "ContentEncoding":null,
                    "ContentType":null,
                    "Data":{
                        "id":4,
                        "name":"fjyfyj | 4",
                        "data":{},
                        "children":[{
                                "ContentEncoding":null,
                                "ContentType":null,
                                "Data":{
                                    "id":8,
                                    "name":"cdasdasd | 8",
                                    "data":{},
                                    "children":[]
                                    },
                                "JsonRequestBehavior":1,
                                "MaxJsonLength":null,
                                "RecursionLimit":null
                                }]
                            },
                        "JsonRequestBehavior":1,
                        "MaxJsonLength":null,
                        "RecursionLimit":null
                        }]
                    },
                    "JsonRequestBehavior":1,
                    "MaxJsonLength":null,
                    "RecursionLimit":null
            }]
        }

请帮助我如何生成正确的 JSON 格式。

Answer 1

在您的情况下，ContentEncoding、ContentType 等。这是返回 Json() 方法的字段。这是因为它是响应的 MVC JSON 序列化的一部分，而您不需要它。

你应该避免它是创建一个单独的方法，它将返回你的匿名对象（它应该看起来像你的控制器方法，但 没有 JSON 序列化）而不是你应该将它传递给控制器​​中的Json() 函数。

Answer 2

假设你有（而且你必须）这样一个名为 People 的类：

public class People {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    private string _name;

    public string Name {
        get { return _name + " | " + Id; }
        set { _name = value; }
    }

    public List<People> Children { get; set; }

    public People() {
        Children = new List<People>();
    }
}

我删除了“数据”，它通常是另一个对象。

现在你建立你的人的层次结构并像这样将 p1 序列化为 json，我已经删除了 sid 参数。

    public JsonResult CalculateTreeView() {

        var p1 = new People
        {
            Id = 1,
            Name = "Ram"
        };
        var p2 = new People
        {
            Id = 2,
            Name = "Hari"
        };
        var p3 = new People
        {
            Id = 3,
            Name = "Sam3"
        };
        var p4 = new People
        {
            Id = 4,
            Name = "Jon"
        };
        var p5 = new People
        {
            Id = 5,
            Name = "Smith"
        };
        var p6 = new People
        {
            Id = 6,
            Name = "Max"
        };
        var p7 = new People
        {
            Id = 7,
            Name = "Himanshu"
        };
        var p8 = new People
        {
            Id = 8,
            Name = "Jack"
        };
        var p9 = new People
        {
            Id = 9,
            Name = "Mad"
        };
        var p10 = new People
        {
            Id = 10,
            Name = "Jacky"
        };
        var p11 = new People
        {
            Id = 11,
            Name = "Anchor"
        };
        var p12 = new People
        {
            Id = 12,
            Name = "Dam"
        };
        var p13 = new People
        {
            Id = 13,
            Name = "Xyz"
        };
        var p14 = new People
        {
            Id = 14,
            Name = "History"
        };
        var p15 = new People
        {
            Id = 15,
            Name = "Java"
        };
        var p16 = new People
        {
            Id = 16,
            Name = "Blue"
        };
        var p17 = new People
        {
            Id = 17,
            Name = "Kali"
        };
        var p18 = new People
        {
            Id = 18,
            Name = "lon "
        };

        p14.Children.Add(p15);
        p14.Children.Add(p16);
        p14.Children.Add(p17);
        p14.Children.Add(p18);

        p12.Children.Add(p13);

        p9.Children.Add(p10);
        p9.Children.Add(p11);

        p8.Children.Add(p9);
        p8.Children.Add(p12);
        p8.Children.Add(p14);

        p7.Children.Add(p8);

        p5.Children.Add(p6);

        p4.Children.Add(p5);

        p2.Children.Add(p3);
        p2.Children.Add(p4);

        p1.Children.Add(p2);
        p1.Children.Add(p7);


        return Json(p1, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
    }

这就是诀窍（用http://localhost:50584/Home/CalculateTreeView 之类的东西进行了测试）。

Answer 3

你可以生成一个这样描述你的结果的类

JSON 结果：

{"Name":"Bob","PeopleList":[{"Name":"Tom","PeopleList":[]}]}

C#代码

public class People
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public ICollection<People> PeopleList { get; set; }
public People()
{
PeopleList = new List<People>();
}
}

People people = new People(){Name = "Bob"};
people.PeopleList.Add(new People() { Name = "Tom" });
var s=  Newtonsoft.Json.JsonConvert.SerializeObject(people);

Answer 4

发生这种情况是因为您正在使用带有递归的操作方法CalculateTreeView。

[HttpPost]
public JsonResult CalculateTreeView(int sid)
{
/*some code */
    return Json(new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new {}, children = new object[] { CalculateTreeView(res.l_id) } });
}

在您的情况下，将 JsonResult 而不是原始数据返回到子数组（JsonResult 包括 ContentType、ContentEncoding 等参数到您的对象中）。

你需要的是一个返回匿名对象的辅助方法。并在该辅助方法中使用递归生成树数据。

你的Action方法：调用递归辅助方法并返回JsonResult，其中包含了你的数据的ContentType、ContentEncoding等信息。

[HttpPost]
public JsonResult CalculateTreeView(int sid)
{
    return Json(new { json = GenerateTreeViewData(res.l_id) });
}

You Helper 方法：返回匿名对象、不带 ContentType、ContentEncoding 等的原始数据：

private object GenerateTreeViewData(int sid)
{
    if (res != null)
        if (res.l_id != 0)
            return new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new { }, children = new object[] { GenerateTreeViewData(res.l_id) } };
        else
            return new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new { }, children = new object[] { } };
    else
        return new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new { }, children = new object[] { } };
}

更新 1：

当然还有将你的“代码逻辑”转移到递归辅助方法中”

private object GenerateTreeViewData(int sid)
{
    /*
        Some Code Logic
    */

    if (res != null)
        if (res.l_id != 0)
            return new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new { }, children = new object[] { GenerateTreeViewData(res.l_id) } };
        else
            return new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new { }, children = new object[] { } };
    else
        return new { id = res.id, name = res.name + " | " + res.id, data = new { }, children = new object[] { } };
}