-
如果您事先知道在多态字段中可能遇到的所有可能类型，您可以使用attributes 告诉XmlSerializer 如何序列化和反序列化每个类型。特别是，对于多态字段，为每个可能遇到的派生类型应用[XmlElement("DerivedElementName", Type = typeof(DerivedElementType))]。
例如，稍微简化您的RootXml 类，以下允许序列化两种不同类型的报告：
[XmlRoot("Report", Namespace = "")]
public class Report
{
[XmlAttribute]
public string Code { get; set; }
[XmlElement]
public decimal TotalCost { get; set; }
}
[XmlRoot("DifferentReport", Namespace = "fuuuu")]
public class DifferentReport
{
public DifferentReport() { }
public DifferentReport(string code, string value)
{
this.Code = code;
this.Value = value;
}
[XmlAttribute]
public string Code { get; set; }
[XmlText]
public string Value { get; set; }
}
[XmlRoot("RootXml", Namespace = "")]
public class RootXml
{
public RootXml() { }
object _test;
[XmlElement("Report", Type=typeof(Report))]
[XmlElement("DifferentReport", Type = typeof(DifferentReport))]
public object Data
{
get { return _test; }
set { _test = value; }
}
}
再后来，下面两个都可以序列化和反序列化：
var root1 = new RootXml { Data = new Report { Code = "a code", TotalCost = (decimal)101.01 } };
var root2 = new RootXml { Data = new DifferentReport { Code = "a different code", Value = "This is the value of the report" } };
请注意，您可以对多态列表使用相同的技术，在这种情况下，序列化程序将期望具有指定名称的元素序列：
[XmlRoot("RootXml", Namespace = "")]
public class RootXml
{
public RootXml() { }
List<object> _test;
[XmlElement("Report", Type=typeof(Report))]
[XmlElement("DifferentReport", Type = typeof(DifferentReport))]
public List<object> Data
{
get { return _test; }
set { _test = value; }
}
}
1234563 XDocument 然后使用 Linq-to-XML 手动搜索数据。有关如何执行此操作的信息，请参阅此处：Basic Queries (LINQ to XML)。
-
您可以采用混合方法，将 XML 加载到 XDocument，然后使用以下扩展方法使用 XmlSerializer 反序列化和序列化熟悉的部分：
public static class XObjectExtensions
{
public static T Deserialize<T>(this XContainer element)
{
return element.Deserialize<T>(new XmlSerializer(typeof(T)));
}
public static T Deserialize<T>(this XContainer element, XmlSerializer serializer)
{
using (var reader = element.CreateReader())
{
object result = serializer.Deserialize(reader);
if (result is T)
return (T)result;
}
return default(T);
}
public static XElement Serialize<T>(this T obj, bool omitStandardNamespaces = true)
{
return obj.Serialize(new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType()), omitStandardNamespaces);
}
public static XElement Serialize<T>(this T obj, XmlSerializer serializer, bool omitStandardNamespaces = true)
{
var doc = new XDocument();
using (var writer = doc.CreateWriter())
{
XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = null;
if (omitStandardNamespaces)
(ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces()).Add("", ""); // Disable the xmlns:xsi and xmlns:xsd lines.
serializer.Serialize(writer, obj, ns);
}
return doc.Root;
}
}
然后使用它们来挑选和反序列化 XML 的已知部分，如下所示：
var doc = XDocument.Parse(xml);
var reportElement = doc.Root.Element("Report");
if (reportElement != null)
{
var report1 = doc.Root.Element("Report").Deserialize<Report>();
// Do something with the report.
// Create a different report
var differentReport = new DifferentReport { Code = report1.Code + " some more code", Value = "This is the value of the report" };
var differentElement = differentReport.Serialize();
reportElement.AddAfterSelf(differentElement);
reportElement.Remove();
}
-
好的，鉴于您使用的是 c# 2.0，您可以将您的 Xml 加载到 XmlDocument 并按照此处所述使用它：Process XML Data Using the DOM Model。这是 Linq-to-XML 的前身 API，使用起来有些困难——但功能齐全。
您还可以采用混合方法并使用XmlSerializer 反序列化和重新序列化XmlDocument 的已知块。这里有一些 extension methods 用于此目的 - 但由于您使用的是 c# 2.0，您必须删除 this 关键字：
public static class XmlNodeExtensions
{
public static XmlElement SerializeToXmlElement<T>(this T o, XmlElement parent)
{
return SerializeToXmlElement(o, parent, new XmlSerializer(o.GetType()));
}
public static XmlElement SerializeToXmlElement<T>(this T o, XmlElement parent, XmlSerializer serializer)
{
int oldCount = parent.ChildNodes.Count;
XPathNavigator navigator = parent.CreateNavigator();
using (XmlWriter writer = navigator.AppendChild())
{
writer.WriteComment(""); // Kludge suggested here: https://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/9ff20a3c-913d-4c6f-a18a-c10040290862/how-to-xmlserialize-directly-into-xmldocument?forum=asmxandxml
serializer.Serialize(writer, o);
}
XmlElement returnedElement = null;
for (int i = parent.ChildNodes.Count - 1; i >= oldCount; i--)
{
XmlComment comment = parent.ChildNodes[i] as XmlComment;
if (comment != null)
{
parent.RemoveChild(comment);
}
else
{
returnedElement = (parent.ChildNodes[i] as XmlElement) ?? returnedElement;
}
}
return returnedElement;
}
public static XmlDocument SerializeToXmlDocument<T>(this T o)
{
return SerializeToXmlDocument(o, new XmlSerializer(o.GetType()));
}
public static XmlDocument SerializeToXmlDocument<T>(this T o, XmlSerializer serializer)
{
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
using (XmlWriter writer = doc.CreateNavigator().AppendChild())
serializer.Serialize(writer, o);
return doc;
}
public static T Deserialize<T>(this XmlElement element)
{
return Deserialize<T>(element, new XmlSerializer(typeof(T)));
}
public static T Deserialize<T>(this XmlElement element, XmlSerializer serializer)
{
using (var reader = new XmlNodeReader(element))
return (T)serializer.Deserialize(reader);
}
}
根据这些方法，您可以执行以下操作：
// Load the document from XML
XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.LoadXml(xml);
// Find all nodes with name "Report"
foreach (XmlElement reportNode in doc.SelectNodes("/RootXml/Report"))
{
// Deserialize as a Report
Report report = XmlNodeExtensions.Deserialize<Report>(reportNode);
// Do something with it
// Create a new Report, based on the original report.
DifferentReport differentReport = new DifferentReport(report.Code + " some more code", "This is the value of the report"); ;
// Add the new report to the children of RootXml
XmlElement newNode = XmlNodeExtensions.SerializeToXmlElement(differentReport, (XmlElement)reportNode.ParentNode);
}
如您所见，这与使用 Linq-to-XML 实现的功能非常相似。