读取简单的 XML 文件并将值保存到变量中 [重复]

Question

我对 C# 还很陌生。我在网上搜索了最后几天以找到解决我的问题的方法，但我能找到的都太复杂了。我想要做什么：读取一个简单的 XML 文件并将每个值保存到我可以在我的 C# 程序中使用的变量中。这是 XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Settings>
  <General>
    <Option1>66</Option1>
    <Option2>78</Option2>
    <Checkbox1>False</Checkbox1>
  </General>
  <Advanced>
    <AdvOption1>22</AdvOption1>
  </Advanced>
</Settings>

所以，要明确我想要实现的目标：我想将“66”、“78”和“False”保存到变量中。永远不会有 2 个同名的 XML 节点。我无法真正显示任何 C# 代码，因为我尝试了很多不同的 sn-ps，但它们都使用了循环，因为它正在读取多个“标题”或“作者”。我只是觉得它太简单了，这就是为什么网络上没有任何东西:(

Answer 1

有几种方法可以实现您的要求。这是一个使用 Xlinq 的示例。您还可以使用基于 xpath 的解决方案（请参阅Link 了解更多信息）。

该解决方案使用 linq 样式语法查询 XML 文件，请注意，您需要做出一些关于处理缺失部分或重复部分的决定，我选择了一个解决方案，但您需要确保它符合您的应用程序需要.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Xml.Linq;

namespace ConsoleApplication2
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // Get the XML doc from a file, similarly you can get it from a string or stream.
            var doc = XDocument.Load("file.xml");

            // Use linq style to get to the first Settings element or throw
            var settings = doc.Elements("Settings").Single().Elements();

            // Get root nodes for the settings type, if there is more than one ignore the rest and grab the first.
            // Change the logic to throw or combine to match the rules for your app
            var generalOptions = settings.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Name.LocalName == "General");
            var advancedOptions = settings.FirstOrDefault(e => e.Name.LocalName == "Advanced");

            var generalSettings = ExtractOptions(generalOptions);
            var advancedSettings = ExtractOptions(advancedOptions);
        }

        private static Settings ExtractOptions(XElement rootElement)
        {
            var settings = new Settings();

            if (rootElement != null)
            {
                var elements = rootElement.Elements();

                settings.Options = elements.Where(e => e.Name.LocalName.IndexOf("Option", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) >= 0)
                                           .Select(e => int.Parse(e.Value))
                                           .ToArray();

                settings.CheckBoxes = elements.Where(e => e.Name.LocalName.StartsWith("CheckBox", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                                              .Select(e => bool.Parse(e.Value))
                                              .ToArray();
            }

            return settings;
        }

        public class Settings
        {
            public int[] Options { get; set; }
            public bool[] CheckBoxes { get; set; }
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

尝试使用这样的东西：

int opt1, opt2, advOpt1;
bool check;

XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument();
doc.Load("YourXMLFile.xml");

opt1 = Convert.ToInt32(doc.SelectSingleNode("Settings/General/Option1").InnerText);
opt2 = Convert.ToInt32(doc.SelectSingleNode("Settings/General/Option2").InnerText);
check = Convert.ToBoolean(doc.SelectSingleNode("Settings/General/Checkbox1").InnerText);
advOpt1 = Convert.ToInt32(doc.SelectSingleNode("Settings/Advanced/AdvOption1").InnerText);

Answer 3

虽然您可以使用正则表达式等破解它，但如果您正确解析 XML，从长远来看，您会变得更好。

看看XDocument。这是一个解析来自https://github.com/slicify/nslicify的 XML 格式的 Web 响应的示例

XML

<BidInfo xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="https://secure.slicify.com">
  <BidID>32329</BidID>
  <BookingID>131179</BookingID>
  <Active>true</Active>
  <MaxPrice>0.01</MaxPrice>
  <MinECU>20</MinECU>
  <MinRAM>1024</MinRAM>
  <Country/>
  <Bits>64</Bits>
  <Deleted>false</Deleted>
  <IncLowBW>false</IncLowBW>
  <ScriptID>153</ScriptID>
  <UserData/>
</BidInfo>

解析器

    private BidInfo BidInfoParser(XDocument doc)
    {
        BidInfo info = null;

        //get the first record in the result set
        XContainer c1 = (XContainer)(doc);
        XContainer c2 = (XContainer)(c1.FirstNode);

        //loop through fields
        foreach (XNode node in c2.Nodes())
        {
            XElement el = (XElement)node;
            string key = el.Name.LocalName;
            string value = el.Value;

            //little hack to only set BidInfo if there are some values
            if(info == null)
                info = new BidInfo();

            if (key.Equals("Active", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.Active = Convert.ToBoolean(value);
            else if (key.Equals("BidID", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.BidID = Convert.ToInt32(value);
            else if (key.Equals("Bits", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.Bits = Convert.ToInt32(value);
            else if (key.Equals("BookingID", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.BookingID = Convert.ToInt32(value);
            else if (key.Equals("Country", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.Country = value;
            else if (key.Equals("MaxPrice", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.MaxPrice = Convert.ToDecimal(value);
            else if (key.Equals("MinECU", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.MinECU = Convert.ToInt32(value);
            else if (key.Equals("MinRAM", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.MinRAM = Convert.ToInt32(value);
            else if (key.Equals("Deleted", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.Deleted = Convert.ToBoolean(value);
            else if (key.Equals("IncLowBW", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.IncludeLowBandwidth = Convert.ToBoolean(value);
            else if (key.Equals("scriptID", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.ScriptID = Convert.ToInt32(value);
            else if (key.Equals("userdata", StringComparison.InvariantCultureIgnoreCase))
                info.UserData = value;
            else
                throw new Exception("Unknown tag in XML:" + key + " = " + value);
        }
        return info;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Contains information about this bid.
    /// </summary>
    public class BidInfo
    {
        public int BidID { get; set; }
        public int BookingID { get; set; }
        public bool Active { get; set; }
        public decimal MaxPrice { get; set; }
        public int MinECU { get; set; }
        public int MinRAM { get; set; }
        public string Country { get; set; }
        public int Bits { get; set; }
        public bool Deleted { get; set; }
        public bool IncludeLowBandwidth { get; set; }
        public int ScriptID { get; set; }
        public string UserData { get; set; }
    }