使用 UI 测试用例在 android studio 中运行测试

Question

我正在尝试在我当前工作的应用程序中添加 UI 测试用例。 为此，我在app/src/androidtest/java/com.testapp

中添加了这个

import androidx.test.espresso.Espresso.onView
import androidx.test.espresso.action.ViewActions.*
import androidx.test.espresso.matcher.ViewMatchers.withId
import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
import androidx.test.platform.app.InstrumentationRegistry
import org.junit.Assert.assertEquals
import org.junit.Test
import org.junit.runner.RunWith

/**
 * Instrumented test, which will execute on an Android device.
 *l
 * See [testing documentation](http://d.android.com/tools/testing).
 */
@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4::class)
class ExampleInstrumentedTest {


    @Test
    fun loginActivityTest() {
// Type text and then press the button.
        onView(withId(R.id.editTextUserName)).perform(typeText(STRING_EMAIL),
                closeSoftKeyboard())
        onView(withId(R.id.editTextUserPassword)).perform(typeText(STRING_PASSWORD),
                closeSoftKeyboard())
        onView(withId(R.id.btnLoginSigin)).perform(click())

        // This view is in a different Activity, no need to tell Espresso.
//        onView(withId(R.id.show_text_view)).check(matches(withText(STRING_TO_BE_TYPED)))
    }

    companion object {
        val STRING_EMAIL = "test@test.com"
        val STRING_PASSWORD = "test1234"
    }
}

在 build.gradle 中添加：

// Testing-only dependencies
androidTestImplementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:core:' + rootProject.coreVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:core-ktx:' + rootProject.coreVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:' + rootProject.extJUnitVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit-ktx:' + rootProject.extJUnitVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:' + rootProject.runnerVersion
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:' + rootProject.espressoVersion

testImplementation 'androidx.test:core:' + rootProject.coreVersion;
testImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:' + rootProject.extJUnitVersion
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
testImplementation 'org.robolectric:robolectric:' + rootProject.robolectricVersion
testImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:' + rootProject.espressoVersion
testImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-intents:' + rootProject.espressoVersion
testImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:truth:' + rootProject.extTruthVersion


//Test
buildToolsVersion = "28.0.3"
androidxLibVersion = "1.0.0"
robolectricVersion = "4.3"
extTruthVersion = '1.3.0-alpha02'
coreVersion = "1.2.1-alpha02"
extJUnitVersion = "1.1.2-alpha02"
runnerVersion = "1.3.0-alpha02"
espressoVersion = "3.3.0-alpha02"

但在编辑配置后仅运行测试类。 我收到错误：

    Task :app:compileappnameqaDebugAndroidTestJavaWithJavac FAILED
F:\test_project\Android_new\app\build\generated\source\buildConfig\androidTest\debug\com\appname\test\BuildConfig.java:17: error: cannot find symbol
  public static final int appIcon = R.mipmap.ic_launcher;
                                     ^
  symbol:   variable mipmap
  location: class R
F:\test_project\Android_new\app\build\generated\source\buildConfig\androidTest\debug\test\com\appname\test\BuildConfig.java:23: error: cannot find symbol
  public static final int splashImage = R.drawable.splash;
                                         ^
  symbol:   variable drawable
  location: class R
2 errors

谁能帮我知道如何在我的应用程序中运行 UI 测试用例？

Answer 1

添加线后：

@get:Rule val activityRule = activityScenarioRule<LoginActivity>()

我仍然面临同样的问题。然后我复制了那些创建 res/drawable 和 res/mipmap 的可绘制和 mipmap 文件，并将这些文件粘贴到文件夹中。 结果消除了 BuildConfig 错误。然后我开始面临错误：

Command line is too long. Shorten command line for 'testconfiguration' or also for Android JUnit default Configuration

要克服这个： select option "classpath file" 在测试配置设置中，它将运行测试。

Answer 2

从检测的测试用例ExampleInstrumentedTest 中，我找不到您在哪里启动了模拟用户操作的活动。请先尝试启动活动，然后执行测试用例。例如，如果您的活动是 LoginActivity

    @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
    public class SampleTest {

      @Rule
      public ActivityTestRule<LoginActivity> activityRule 
         = new ActivityTestRule<>(
            LoginActivity.class,
            true,     // initialTouchMode
            false);   // launchActivity. False to customize the intent

      @Test
      public void loginActivityTest() {
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        activityRule.launchActivity(intent);

onView(withId(R.id.editTextUserName)).perform(typeText(STRING_EMAIL),
                closeSoftKeyboard())
        onView(withId(R.id.editTextUserPassword)).perform(typeText(STRING_PASSWORD),
                closeSoftKeyboard())
        onView(withId(R.id.btnLoginSigin)).perform(click())
      }
    }