加入两个具有一对多关系的表并从多个方面选择最新的

Question

我有两个表： PatientVisits 和 PatientVisits 。患者可以进行多次就诊。 C#中有对应的Model类。

我将如何编写一个 Linq 查询来获取每个患者及其最近的就诊日期？

执行此操作的原始 SQL 是：

select max(p."FirstName"), max(p."LastName"), max(pv."VisitDate")
from "Patients" p 
left outer join "PatientVisits" pv ON pv."PatientID" = p."ID" 
group by p."ID"

Answer 1

var answer = (from p in context.Patients
              join v in context.PatientVisits on p.ID equals v.PatientID into subs
              from sub in subs.DefaultIfEmpty()
              group sub by new { p.ID, p.FirstName, p.LastName } into gr
              select new 
              {
                  gr.Key.FirstName,
                  gr.Key.LastName,
                  VisitDate = gr.Max(x => x == null ? null : (DateTime?)x.VisitDate)
              }).ToList();

Answer 2

你可以这样写Linq

from p in Patients
join pv in PatientVisits on p.PatientID equals pv.id into jointable
from z in jointable.DefaultIfEmpty()
select new
{
  p.FirstName, 
  p.LastName,
  pv.VisitDate,

};

Answer 3

我的建议是：

public class Patient
{
    public int PatientId { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

public class PatientVisit
{
    public Patient Patient { get; set; }
    public DateTime VisitDate { get; set; }
}

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Patient p1 = new Patient();
        p1.PatientId = 1;
        p1.Name = "Harry";

        Patient p2 = new Patient();
        p2.PatientId = 2;
        p2.Name = "John";

        List<PatientVisit> visits = new List<PatientVisit>();
        visits.Add(new PatientVisit
        {
            Patient = p1,
            VisitDate = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-5)
        });

        visits.Add(new PatientVisit
        {
            Patient = p1,
            VisitDate = DateTime.Now
        });

        visits.Add(new PatientVisit
        {
            Patient = p2,
            VisitDate = DateTime.Now.AddDays(-1)
        });


        var q = (from t in visits
                 select new
                 {
                     t.Patient.Name,
                     t.Patient.PatientId,
                     t.VisitDate
                 }).OrderByDescending(t=>t.VisitDate).GroupBy(x => new { x.PatientId });

        foreach (var item in q)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(item.FirstOrDefault().Name + ", " + item.FirstOrDefault().VisitDate);
        }

    }
}

Answer 4

如果你的类定义有虚拟 ICollection，你可以使用它们：

public class Patient
{
    public int Id { get; set; }
    ...

    // every Patient has zero or more Visits (one-to-many)
    public virtual ICollection<Visit> Visits {get; set;}
}

public class Visit
{
    public int Id {get; set;}
    public DateTime VisitDate { get; set; }
    ...

    // Every Visit is done by exactly one Patient, using foreign key
    public int PatiendId {get; set;}
    public virtual Patient Patient { get; set; }
}

要求：给我每个病人他最近的就诊时间

var result = dbContext.Patients
    .Where(patient => ...)           // only if you don't want all Patients
    .Select(patient => new
    {
        // Select from every Patient only the properties you plan to use
        Id = patient.Id,
        Name = patient.Name,
        ...
        LastVisitTime = patient.Visits
            .OrderByDescenting(visit => visit.VisitDate)
            .FirstOrDefault(),
    });

如果您不能使用虚拟 ICollections，则必须自己进行 GroupJoin：

var result = dbContext.Patients.GroupJoing(dbContext.Visits,
    patient => patient.Id,             // from every Patient take the Id
    visit => visit.PatientId,          // from every Visit take the PatientId,

    (patient, visits) => new           // use every patient with all his matching Visits
    {                                  // to make a new object
         Id = patiend.Id,
         Name = patient.Name,
         ...

         LastVisit = visits.OrderByDescending(visit => visit.VisitDate)
                     .FirstOrDefault(),
    });