使用 JSON.NET 作为 ASP.NET MVC 3 中的默认 JSON 序列化程序 - 可能吗？

Question

是否可以在 ASP.NET MVC 3 中使用 JSON.NET 作为默认 JSON 序列化程序？

根据我的研究，似乎实现此目的的唯一方法是将extend ActionResult 设为JsonResult in MVC3 is not virtual...

我希望通过 ASP.NET MVC 3 可以指定可插入的提供程序以序列化为 JSON。

想法？

Answer 1

我相信最好的方法是 - 如您的链接中所述 - 扩展 ActionResult 或直接扩展 JsonResult 。

至于方法JsonResult在控制器上不是虚的那不是真的，选择合适的重载就好了。这很好用：

protected override JsonResult Json(object data, string contentType, Encoding contentEncoding)

编辑 1：一个 JsonResult 扩展...

public class JsonNetResult : JsonResult
{
    public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
    {
        if (context == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("context");

        var response = context.HttpContext.Response;

        response.ContentType = !String.IsNullOrEmpty(ContentType) 
            ? ContentType 
            : "application/json";

        if (ContentEncoding != null)
            response.ContentEncoding = ContentEncoding;

        // If you need special handling, you can call another form of SerializeObject below
        var serializedObject = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(Data, Formatting.Indented);
        response.Write(serializedObject);
    }

编辑 2：根据以下建议，我删除了对 Data 为 null 的检查。这应该会让 JQuery 的较新版本感到高兴，并且看起来是明智的做法，因为响应可以被无条件反序列化。但请注意，这不是来自 ASP.NET MVC 的 JSON 响应的默认行为，而是在没有数据时以空字符串响应。

Answer 2

我在不需要基本控制器或注入的情况下实现了这一点。

我使用操作过滤器将 JsonResult 替换为 JsonNetResult。

public class JsonHandlerAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
{
    public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
    {
       var jsonResult = filterContext.Result as JsonResult;

        if (jsonResult != null)
        {
            filterContext.Result = new JsonNetResult
            {
                ContentEncoding = jsonResult.ContentEncoding,
                ContentType = jsonResult.ContentType,
                Data = jsonResult.Data,
                JsonRequestBehavior = jsonResult.JsonRequestBehavior
            };
        }

        base.OnActionExecuted(filterContext);
    }
}

您需要在 Global.asax.cs Application_Start() 中添加：

GlobalFilters.Filters.Add(new JsonHandlerAttribute());

为了完整起见，这是我从其他地方获取的 JsonNetResult 扩展类，我稍作修改以获得正确的蒸汽支持：

public class JsonNetResult : JsonResult
{
    public JsonNetResult()
    {
        Settings = new JsonSerializerSettings
        {
            ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Error
        };
    }

    public JsonSerializerSettings Settings { get; private set; }

    public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
    {
        if (context == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("context");
        if (this.JsonRequestBehavior == JsonRequestBehavior.DenyGet && string.Equals(context.HttpContext.Request.HttpMethod, "GET", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            throw new InvalidOperationException("JSON GET is not allowed");

        HttpResponseBase response = context.HttpContext.Response;
        response.ContentType = string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.ContentType) ? "application/json" : this.ContentType;

        if (this.ContentEncoding != null)
            response.ContentEncoding = this.ContentEncoding;
        if (this.Data == null)
            return;

        var scriptSerializer = JsonSerializer.Create(this.Settings);
        scriptSerializer.Serialize(response.Output, this.Data);
    }
}

Answer 3

使用 Newtonsoft 的 JSON 转换器：

public ActionResult DoSomething()
{
    dynamic cResponse = new ExpandoObject();
    cResponse.Property1 = "value1";
    cResponse.Property2 = "value2";
    return Content(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(cResponse), "application/json");
}

Answer 4

我知道这个问题已经得到解答，但我正在使用不同的方法，因为我正在使用依赖注入来实例化我的控制器。

我已将 IActionInvoker（通过注入控制器的 ControllerActionInvoker 属性）替换为覆盖 InvokeActionMethod 方法的版本。

这意味着控制器继承没有变化，当我升级到 MVC4 时，可以通过更改所有控制器的 DI 容器注册来轻松删除它

public class JsonNetActionInvoker : ControllerActionInvoker
{
    protected override ActionResult InvokeActionMethod(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor, IDictionary<string, object> parameters)
    {
        ActionResult invokeActionMethod = base.InvokeActionMethod(controllerContext, actionDescriptor, parameters);

        if ( invokeActionMethod.GetType() == typeof(JsonResult) )
        {
            return new JsonNetResult(invokeActionMethod as JsonResult);
        }

        return invokeActionMethod;
    }

    private class JsonNetResult : JsonResult
    {
        public JsonNetResult()
        {
            this.ContentType = "application/json";
        }

        public JsonNetResult( JsonResult existing )
        {
            this.ContentEncoding = existing.ContentEncoding;
            this.ContentType = !string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(existing.ContentType) ? existing.ContentType : "application/json";
            this.Data = existing.Data;
            this.JsonRequestBehavior = existing.JsonRequestBehavior;
        }

        public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
        {
            if (context == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException("context");
            }
            if ((this.JsonRequestBehavior == JsonRequestBehavior.DenyGet) && string.Equals(context.HttpContext.Request.HttpMethod, "GET", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
            {
                base.ExecuteResult(context);                            // Delegate back to allow the default exception to be thrown
            }

            HttpResponseBase response = context.HttpContext.Response;
            response.ContentType = this.ContentType;

            if (this.ContentEncoding != null)
            {
                response.ContentEncoding = this.ContentEncoding;
            }

            if (this.Data != null)
            {
                // Replace with your favourite serializer.  
                new Newtonsoft.Json.JsonSerializer().Serialize( response.Output, this.Data );
            }
        }
    }
}

--- 编辑 - 更新以显示控制器的容器注册。我在这里使用 Unity。

private void RegisterAllControllers(List<Type> exportedTypes)
{
    this.rootContainer.RegisterType<IActionInvoker, JsonNetActionInvoker>();
    Func<Type, bool> isIController = typeof(IController).IsAssignableFrom;
    Func<Type, bool> isIHttpController = typeof(IHttpController).IsAssignableFrom;

    foreach (Type controllerType in exportedTypes.Where(isIController))
    {
        this.rootContainer.RegisterType(
            typeof(IController),
            controllerType, 
            controllerType.Name.Replace("Controller", string.Empty),
            new InjectionProperty("ActionInvoker")
        );
    }

    foreach (Type controllerType in exportedTypes.Where(isIHttpController))
    {
        this.rootContainer.RegisterType(typeof(IHttpController), controllerType, controllerType.Name);
    }
}

public class UnityControllerFactory : System.Web.Mvc.IControllerFactory, System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.IHttpControllerActivator
{
    readonly IUnityContainer container;

    public UnityControllerFactory(IUnityContainer container)
    {
        this.container = container;
    }

    IController System.Web.Mvc.IControllerFactory.CreateController(System.Web.Routing.RequestContext requestContext, string controllerName)
    {
        return this.container.Resolve<IController>(controllerName);
    }

    SessionStateBehavior System.Web.Mvc.IControllerFactory.GetControllerSessionBehavior(RequestContext requestContext, string controllerName)
    {
        return SessionStateBehavior.Required;
    }

    void System.Web.Mvc.IControllerFactory.ReleaseController(IController controller)
    {
    }

    IHttpController IHttpControllerActivator.Create(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor, Type controllerType)
    {
        return this.container.Resolve<IHttpController>(controllerType.Name);
    }
}

Answer 5

扩展https://stackoverflow.com/users/183056/sami-beyoglu的答案，如果你设置了内容类型，那么jQuery将能够为你将返回的数据转换成一个对象。

public ActionResult DoSomething()
{
    dynamic cResponse = new ExpandoObject();
    cResponse.Property1 = "value1";
    cResponse.Property2 = "value2";
    return Content(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(cResponse), "application/json");
}

Answer 6

我的帖子可能对某人有所帮助。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace MultipleSubmit.Service
{
    public abstract class BaseController : Controller
    {
        protected override JsonResult Json(object data, string contentType,
            Encoding contentEncoding, JsonRequestBehavior behavior)
        {
            return new JsonNetResult
            {
                Data = data,
                ContentType = contentType,
                ContentEncoding = contentEncoding,
                JsonRequestBehavior = behavior
            };
        }
    }
}


using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
namespace MultipleSubmit.Service
{
    public class JsonNetResult : JsonResult
    {
        public JsonNetResult()
        {
            Settings = new JsonSerializerSettings
            {
                ReferenceLoopHandling = ReferenceLoopHandling.Error
            };
        }
        public JsonSerializerSettings Settings { get; private set; }
        public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
        {
            if (context == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("context");
            if (this.JsonRequestBehavior == JsonRequestBehavior.DenyGet && string.Equals
(context.HttpContext.Request.HttpMethod, "GET", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                throw new InvalidOperationException("JSON GET is not allowed");
            HttpResponseBase response = context.HttpContext.Response;
            response.ContentType = string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.ContentType) ? 
"application/json" : this.ContentType;
            if (this.ContentEncoding != null)
                response.ContentEncoding = this.ContentEncoding;
            if (this.Data == null)
                return;
            var scriptSerializer = JsonSerializer.Create(this.Settings);
            using (var sw = new StringWriter())
            {
                scriptSerializer.Serialize(sw, this.Data);
                response.Write(sw.ToString());
            }
        }
    }
} 

public class MultipleSubmitController : BaseController
{
   public JsonResult Index()
    {
      var data = obj1;  // obj1 contains the Json data
      return Json(data, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
    }
}    

Answer 7

我制作了一个使 Web 服务操作类型安全且简单的版本。你可以这样使用它：

public JsonResult<MyDataContract> MyAction()
{
    return new MyDataContract();
}

班级：

public class JsonResult<T> : JsonResult
{
    public JsonResult(T data)
    {
        Data = data;
        JsonRequestBehavior = JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet;
    }

    public override void ExecuteResult(ControllerContext context)
    {
        // Use Json.Net rather than the default JavaScriptSerializer because it's faster and better

        if (context == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException("context");

        var response = context.HttpContext.Response;

        response.ContentType = !String.IsNullOrEmpty(ContentType)
            ? ContentType
            : "application/json";

        if (ContentEncoding != null)
            response.ContentEncoding = ContentEncoding;

        var serializedObject = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(Data, Formatting.Indented);
        response.Write(serializedObject);
    }

    public static implicit operator JsonResult<T>(T d)
    {
        return new JsonResult<T>(d);
    }
}