MysqlTurner 改进我的 mysql-mariaDB 的技巧

Question

我需要帮助来修复我的 MySQL 配置。
我使用了 MysqlTurner，结果如下：

 >>  MySQLTuner 1.7.19 - Major Hayden <major@mhtx.net>
 >>  Bug reports, feature requests, and downloads at http://mysqltuner.com/
 >>  Run with '--help' for additional options and output filtering
[--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script
[--] Performing tests on 127.0.0.1:3306
[OK] Logged in using credentials passed on the command line
[OK] Currently running supported MySQL version 10.2.32-MariaDB-10.2.32+maria~xenial
[OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture
 
-------- Log file Recommendations ------------------------------------------------------------------
[!!] Log file  doesn't exist
 
-------- Storage Engine Statistics -----------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Status: +Aria +CSV +InnoDB +MEMORY +MRG_MyISAM +MyISAM +PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA +SEQUENCE 
[--] Data in MyISAM tables: 203.2M (Tables: 84)
[--] Data in InnoDB tables: 967.1M (Tables: 162)
[OK] Total fragmented tables: 0
 
-------- Analysis Performance Metrics --------------------------------------------------------------
[--] innodb_stats_on_metadata: OFF
[OK] No stat updates during querying INFORMATION_SCHEMA.
 
-------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------------------------------
[OK] There are no anonymous accounts for any database users
[OK] All database users have passwords assigned
[!!] User 'sculli@%' does not specify hostname restrictions.
[--] There are 620 basic passwords in the list.
 
-------- CVE Security Recommendations --------------------------------------------------------------
[OK] NO SECURITY CVE FOUND FOR YOUR VERSION
 
-------- Performance Metrics -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Up for: 9h 22m 30s (3M q [108.604 qps], 37K conn, TX: 29G, RX: 543M)
[--] Reads / Writes: 97% / 3%
[--] Binary logging is disabled
[--] Physical Memory     : 7.8G
[--] Max MySQL memory    : 3.8G
[--] Other process memory: 0B
[--] Total buffers: 433.0M global + 22.7M per thread (151 max threads)
[--] P_S Max memory usage: 0B
[--] Galera GCache Max memory usage: 0B
[OK] Maximum reached memory usage: 2.5G (32.39% of installed RAM)
[OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 3.8G (48.29% of installed RAM)
[OK] Overall possible memory usage with other process is compatible with memory available
[OK] Slow queries: 0% (134/3M)
[OK] Highest usage of available connections: 62% (95/151)
[OK] Aborted connections: 0.00%  (0/37538)
[!!] name resolution is active : a reverse name resolution is made for each new connection and can reduce performance
[!!] Query cache may be disabled by default due to mutex contention.
[!!] Query cache efficiency: 0.0% (0 cached / 3M selects)
[OK] Query cache prunes per day: 0
[OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (298 temp sorts / 722K sorts)
[!!] Joins performed without indexes: 13975
[!!] Temporary tables created on disk: 70% (283K on disk / 400K total)
[OK] Thread cache hit rate: 99% (95 created / 37K connections)
[OK] Table cache hit rate: 97% (239 open / 245 opened)
[OK] table_definition_cache(600) is upper than number of tables(514)
[OK] Open file limit used: 0% (44/16K)
[OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 100% (18K immediate / 18K locks)
 
-------- Performance schema ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Performance schema is disabled.
[--] Memory used by P_S: 0B
[--] Sys schema is installed.
 
-------- ThreadPool Metrics ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] ThreadPool stat is enabled.
[--] Thread Pool Size: 4 thread(s).
[--] Using default value is good enough for your version (10.2.32-MariaDB-10.2.32+maria~xenial)
 
-------- MyISAM Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[!!] Key buffer used: 18.4% (24M used / 134M cache)
[OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 128.0M/23.3M
[OK] Read Key buffer hit rate: 100.0% (5M cached / 200 reads)
 
-------- InnoDB Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] InnoDB is enabled.
[--] InnoDB Thread Concurrency: 0
[OK] InnoDB File per table is activated
[!!] InnoDB buffer pool / data size: 128.0M/967.1M
[!!] Ratio InnoDB log file size / InnoDB Buffer pool size (75 %): 48.0M * 2/128.0M should be equal to 25%
[OK] InnoDB buffer pool instances: 1
[--] Number of InnoDB Buffer Pool Chunk : 1 for 1 Buffer Pool Instance(s)
[OK] Innodb_buffer_pool_size aligned with Innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size & Innodb_buffer_pool_instances
[OK] InnoDB Read buffer efficiency: 95.64% (4017613026 hits/ 4200815082 total)
[!!] InnoDB Write Log efficiency: 5.17% (1142 hits/ 22095 total)
[OK] InnoDB log waits: 0.00% (0 waits / 20953 writes)
 
-------- AriaDB Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] AriaDB is enabled.
[OK] Aria pagecache size / total Aria indexes: 128.0M/1B
[OK] Aria pagecache hit rate: 99.4% (40M cached / 246K reads)
 
-------- TokuDB Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] TokuDB is disabled.
 
-------- XtraDB Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] XtraDB is disabled.
 
-------- Galera Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Galera is disabled.
 
-------- Replication Metrics -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Galera Synchronous replication: NO
[--] No replication slave(s) for this server.
[--] Binlog format: MIXED
[--] XA support enabled: ON
[--] Semi synchronous replication Master: Not Activated
[--] Semi synchronous replication Slave: Not Activated
[--] This is a standalone server
 
-------- Recommendations ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
General recommendations:
    Restrict Host for 'sculli'@% to sculli@SpecificDNSorIp
    UPDATE mysql.user SET host ='SpecificDNSorIp' WHERE user='sculli' AND host ='%'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    MySQL was started within the last 24 hours - recommendations may be inaccurate
    Configure your accounts with ip or subnets only, then update your configuration with skip-name-resolve=1
    We will suggest raising the 'join_buffer_size' until JOINs not using indexes are found.
             
             (specially the conclusions at the bottom of the page).
    When making adjustments, make tmp_table_size/max_heap_table_size equal
    Reduce your SELECT DISTINCT queries which have no LIMIT clause
    Performance schema should be activated for better diagnostics
    Before changing innodb_log_file_size and/or innodb_log_files_in_group read this: 
Variables to adjust:
    query_cache_size (=0)
    query_cache_type (=0)
    query_cache_limit (> 4M, or use smaller result sets)
    join_buffer_size (> 4.0M, or always use indexes with JOINs)
    tmp_table_size (> 32M)
    max_heap_table_size (> 32M)
    performance_schema = ON enable PFS
    innodb_buffer_pool_size (>= 967.1M) if possible.
    innodb_log_file_size should be (=16M) if possible, so InnoDB total log files size equals to 25% of buffer pool size.  

我的服务器的详细信息： _mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 10.2.32-MariaDB，用于 debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) 使用 readline 5.2 _Ubuntu 16.04.6 LTS \n \l（我知道...我知道） 4 CPU 8 Gb 内存 7 Gb 交换

*.cnf的配置：

# MariaDB-specific config file.
# Read by /etc/mysql/my.cnf

[client]
# Default is Latin1, if you need UTF-8 set this (also in server section)
#default-character-set = utf8 

[mysqld]
table_definition_cache = 600
#

### 20200711 mysqltuner
query_cache_limit = 4M
join_buffer_size = 4M
tmp_table_size = 32M
max_heap_table_size = 32M


# * Character sets
# 
# Default is Latin1, if you need UTF-8 set all this (also in client section)
#
#character-set-server  = utf8 
#collation-server      = utf8_general_ci 
#character_set_server   = utf8 
#collation_server       = utf8_general_ci 
# Import all .cnf files from configuration directory
!includedir /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/

Answer 1

根据发布的有限信息，建议考虑为您的 my.cnf [mysqld] 部分

thread_cache_size=256  # to reduce threads_created count
aria_pagecache_division_limit=50  # from 100 for Hot/Warm storage area
aria_pagecache_age_threshold=900  # from 300 to delay age out to reduce reads
innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G  # from 128M to support in RAM with room for growth

请查看个人资料、网络个人资料以获取联系信息，并在我们的常见问题页面上查看我们的“Q.我怎样才能找到不使用索引的 JOINS 或 QUERIES？ MySQLTuner 报告中列出的 13,975 个导致“无索引执行的联接”的查询的提示。解释负责的查询后，创建适当的索引以减少读取。