Android：在调用 https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json 时获得 HTTP 403 Forbidden

Question

我一直在尝试使用 Google api，更具体地说是这个 URL 来获取美国州和城市，我不断收到 403 Forbidden HTTP 错误消息，我的代码如下：

private static boolean getAddressResult(String input, StringBuilder jsonResults) {
    HttpURLConnection conn = null;
    try {

        String mapUrl;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json);
        sb.append("?sensor=false&address=" + URLEncoder.encode(input, "utf8"));

        mapUrl = sb.toString();

        URL url = new URL(mapUrl);

        Logger.d(TAG, ""+ url);
        Logger.d(TAG, "trying to read");

        conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();


        int status = conn.getResponseCode();

        Logger.d(TAG, "status: "+ status);
        InputStreamReader in = new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream());

        // Load the results into a StringBuilder
        int read;
        char[] buff = new char[1024];
        long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();

        while ((read = in.read(buff)) != -1) {
            Logger.d("NetworkUtil", "trying to parse");

            long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
            if(elapsedTime-currentTime>=5000)
                return false;
            jsonResults.append(buff, 0, read);
        }
    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
        Logger.e(LOG_TAG, "Error processing Places API URL", e);
        return true;
    } catch (IOException e) {
        Logger.e(LOG_TAG, "Error connecting to Places API", e);
        return true;
    } finally {
        if (conn != null) {
            conn.disconnect();
        }
    }
    return false;
}

我尝试了不同的替代方法，包括将 URL 从 HTTP 更改为 HTTPS，我不确定此时我究竟缺少什么，很少有此 Web 服务调用返回 200 成功但大多数情况下它只是失败并出现 403 HTTP 错误代码的时间，此时任何建议都会有所帮助，我还附上了来自 Logcat 的日志：

 Error connecting to Places API
java.io.FileNotFoundException: https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?sensor=false&address=08080
        at libcore.net.http.HttpURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpURLConnectionImpl.java:186)
        at libcore.net.http.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:271)
        at .getAddressResult(NetworkUtil.java:217)
        at .access$000(NetworkUtil.java:30)
        at $ResolveCityTask.doInBackground(NetworkUtil.java:81)
        at $ResolveCityTask.doInBackground(NetworkUtil.java:42)

Answer 1

1. 不再需要sensor 参数。
2. 另外，您没有在请求网址中提供 API_KEY。
3. StringBuilder 的字符串应该用双引号括起来。
4. 你的logcat地址字符串是08080，应该是字符串。
5. 您应该在后台线程中执行您的 API 请求。

示例 API 要求 URL 应如下所示： https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA&key=API_KEY

示例修改代码：

String API_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY_STRING";
String input = "1600+Amphitheatre+Parkway,+Mountain+View,+CA";

private static boolean getAddressResult(String input, StringBuilder jsonResults) {
    try {

        URL requestUrl = new URL("https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/geocode/json?address=" + input " + &key=" + API_KEY;
            );
        HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection)requestUrl.openConnection();
        connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
        connection.connect();


        responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
        if (responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {

            BufferedReader reader = null;

            InputStream inputStream = connection.getInputStream();
            StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
            if (inputStream == null) {
                // Nothing to do.
                return false;
            }
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));

            String line;
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
                if(elapsedTime-currentTime>=5000) {
                   return false;
                }
                buffer.append(line + "\n");
            }

            if (buffer.length() == 0) {
                return false;
            }

            Log.d("Test", buffer.toString());
            return buffer.toString();
        }
        else {
            Log.i(TAG, "Unsuccessful HTTP Response Code: " + responseCode);
            return false
        }
    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
        Log.e(LOG_TAG, "Error processing Places API URL", e);
        return false;
    } catch (IOException e) {
        Log.e(LOG_TAG, "Error connecting to Places API", e);
        return false;
    } catch (Expcetion e) {
        return false;
    }
    return false;
}

此示例代码应在您的后台方法中运行。

还需要确保在清单文件中添加互联网权限。 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

您还可以通过添加来检查您的互联网连接 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" /> 并调用此方法查看您的互联网是否已连接：

 private boolean isNetworkAvailable() {
        ConnectivityManager manager = (ConnectivityManager)
                getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
        NetworkInfo networkInfo = manager.getActiveNetworkInfo();

        boolean isAvailable = false;
        if (networkInfo != null && networkInfo.isConnected()) {
            isAvailable = true;
        }
        return isAvailable;
    }