LINQ Left Outer JOIN 语法差异

Question

在 LINQ 中至少有两种方式进行 LEFT OUTER JOIN

class Customer
{
    public int ID { get; set; }
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

class Order
{
    public int ID { get; set; }
    public string Product { get; set; }
}

    static void Main()
    {
        // Example customers.
        var customers = new Customer[]
        {
            new Customer{ID = 5, Name = "Sam"},
            new Customer{ID = 6, Name = "Dave"},
            new Customer{ID = 7, Name = "Julia"},
            new Customer{ID = 8, Name = "Sue"},
            new Customer{ID = 9, Name = "Joe"}
        };

        // Example orders.
        var orders = new Order[]
        {
            new Order{ID = 5, Product = "Book"},
            new Order{ID = 6, Product = "Game"},
            new Order{ID = 7, Product = "Computer"},
            new Order{ID = 8, Product = "Shirt"},
            new Order{ID = 8, Product = "TShirt"}
        };


        // First Way
        var query = from c in customers
                join o in orders on c.ID equals o.ID into co
                from x in co.DefaultIfEmpty() 
                where x != null && x.Product == "Shirt"
                select new {c, x};

        // Second Way  
        var query2 = from c in customers
                     from o in orders
                     where c.ID == o.ID && o.Product == "Shirt"
                     select new {c, o};
    }

我发现了很多 First Way 的示例（使用 'into'），这就是我过去使用 LEFT OUTER JOINS 的方式。最近我找到了第二种方式，看起来更简单。我进行了测试，它们都产生了相同的结果。现在我的问题是有什么隐藏的差异、性能，还是只是语法糖？

非常感谢。

Answer 1

如果不使用 !=null 检查，则应使用第一种方式

左外连接选择左表中的所有内容以及右表中匹配的所有项目，如果右表中不存在匹配项，则仍然返回结果，但右表中的值为空（linq 将其翻译为作为集合项类型的默认值）

您的两个查询都有效地执行了内部联接，因此它们将是相同的。

得到不同的结果

 // First Way
 var query = from c in customers
 join o in orders on c.ID equals o.ID into co
 from x in co.DefaultIfEmpty()
 where c.Id>5 
 select new {c, x};

 // Second Way
 var query2 = from c in customers
 from o in orders
 where c.ID == o.ID && c.ID > 5
 select new {c, o};