模拟 HttpClient.execute 问题：Mockito答案

【问题标题】：Mocking HttpClient.execute issues: Mockito模拟 HttpClient.execute 问题：Mockito
【发布时间】：2013-10-28 03:07:23
【问题描述】：

我正在尝试测试这个方法。

@Override
public JSON connectResource() throws IOException {
    //get the location and credentials for the certificates
    System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore", "C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_40/jre/lib/security/cacerts");
    System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword", "changeit");
    HttpRequest httpRequest = new HttpGet(url);
    System.out.println("hello");
    httpRequest.addHeader("Accept", "application/json");
    HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute((HttpUriRequest) httpRequest);
    System.out.println("hello1");
    HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
    String data = this.getData(httpEntity);
    return  JSONSerializer.toJSON(data.toString());
}

我的设置方法是：

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception{
    mockHttpClient = mock(DefaultHttpClient.class);
    mockHttpRequest = mock(HttpUriRequest.class);
    mockHttpResponse = mock(BasicHttpResponse.class);
    mockHttpEntity = mock(HttpEntity.class);
    mockInputStream = mock(InputStream.class);
    mockInputStreamReader = mock(InputStreamReader.class);
    mockBufferedReader = mock(BufferedReader.class);
    mockHttpGet = mock(HttpGet.class);
    mockHttpRequestBase = mock(HttpRequestBase.class);
    //when(mockHttpClient.execute(Mockito.isA(HttpUriRequest.class))).thenReturn(mockHttpResponse);
    //when(mockHttpClient.execute(mockHttpRequest)).thenReturn(mockHttpResponse);
    //when(mockHttpClient.execute(mockHttpRequestBase)).thenReturn(mockHttpResponse);
    //when(mockHttpClient.execute(mockHttpGet)).thenReturn(mockHttpResponse);

    when(mockHttpResponse.getEntity()).thenReturn(mockHttpEntity);
    when(mockHttpEntity.getContent()).thenReturn(mockInputStream);
    PowerMockito.whenNew(InputStreamReader.class)
            .withArguments(mockInputStream).thenReturn(mockInputStreamReader);
    PowerMockito.whenNew(BufferedReader.class)
            .withArguments(mockInputStreamReader).thenReturn(mockBufferedReader);
    PowerMockito.when(mockBufferedReader.readLine())
            .thenReturn(JSON_STRING)
            .thenReturn(null);
    PowerMockito.whenNew(HttpGet.class).withArguments(VALID_URL)
            .thenReturn(mockHttpGet);
}

我的测试用例是：

 @Test
    public void testConnectResource() throws IOException {
        when(mockHttpClient.execute(mockHttpGet)).thenReturn(mockHttpResponse);
        HttpConnectGithub connHandle = new HttpConnectGithub(VALID_URL);
        JSON jsonObject = connHandle.connectResource();
        System.out.println(jsonObject);
        //assertThat(jsonObject, instanceOf(JSON.class));
    }

但是，执行在

处停止

HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute((HttpUriRequest) httpRequest);

您可以在我的设置方法的 cmets 中看到我尝试的所有内容。有没有人发现任何问题？我通过我的测试用例进行了调试，并且所有模拟对象都已正确初始化。我曾尝试交换 HttpUriRequest 和 HttpRequest、HttpResponse 和 BasicHttpResponse 等，但运气不佳。请指导如何解决此问题。

【问题讨论】：

标签： http httpclient mockito apache-httpclient-4.x powermock

【解决方案1】：

您遇到的部分问题是参数匹配：

@Test
public void testConnectResource() throws IOException {
    when(mockHttpClient.execute(mockHttpGet)).thenReturn(mockHttpResponse);
    HttpConnectGithub connHandle = new HttpConnectGithub(VALID_URL);
    JSON jsonObject = connHandle.connectResource();
    System.out.println(jsonObject);
    //assertThat(jsonObject, instanceOf(JSON.class));
}

使用您在上面指定的行

when(mockHttpClient.execute(mockHttpGet)).thenReturn(mockHttpResponse);

只有当你定义的 mockHttpGet 实例通过时才会触发。

另一方面，您正在测试的方法是创建一个新的 HttpGet 实例，该实例与 mockHttpGet 实例不同。您将需要更改“when”语句，以便拥有类似

的内容

when(mockHttpClient.execute(Matchers.any(HttpGet.class))).thenReturn(mockHttpResponse);

我完全凭记忆这样做，因此 Matchers.any() 可能不正确，但根据我上面给你的内容，你应该能够取得进展。

【讨论】：

匹配器是这里的关键，人们很容易忽略并想知道为什么模拟不起作用

【解决方案2】：

问题出在 mockHttpClient 上。由于某种原因，它无法自动模拟它。解决方法是通过某种方法（在我的情况下为构造函数）将 httpclient 作为参数传递

【讨论】：