MySQL JOIN with LIMIT 1 on join table

Question

我想加入两个表，但表 1 上的每条记录只能得到表 2 的 1 条记录

例如：

SELECT c.id, c.title, p.id AS product_id, p.title
FROM categories AS c
JOIN products AS p ON c.id = p.category_id

这将使我获得products 中的所有记录，这不是我想要的。我希望每个类别有 1 个 [第一个] 产品（我在产品字段中有一个 sort 列）。

我该怎么做？

Answer 1

假设您想要在sort 列中具有MIN()imial 值的产品，它看起来像这样。

SELECT 
  c.id, c.title, p.id AS product_id, p.title
FROM 
  categories AS c
INNER JOIN (
  SELECT
    p.id, p.category_id, p.title
  FROM
    products AS p
  CROSS JOIN (
    SELECT p.category_id, MIN(sort) AS sort
    FROM products
    GROUP BY category_id
  ) AS sq USING (category_id)
) AS p ON c.id = p.category_id

Answer 2

这个怎么样？

SELECT c.id, c.title, (SELECT id from products AS p 
                            WHERE c.id = p.category_id 
                            ORDER BY ... 
                            LIMIT 1)
   FROM categories AS c;

Answer 3

我会尝试这样的：

SELECT C.*,
      (SELECT P.id, P.title 
       FROM products as P
       WHERE P.category_id = C.id
       LIMIT 1)
FROM categories C

Answer 4

我更喜欢类似问题中描述的另一种方法：https://stackoverflow.com/a/11885521/2215679

这种方法更好，尤其是在您需要在 SELECT 中显示多个字段的情况下。避免Error Code: 1241. Operand should contain 1 column(s) 或对每列进行双重子选择。

对于您的情况，查询应如下所示：

SELECT
 c.id,
 c.title,
 p.id AS product_id,
 p.title AS product_title
FROM categories AS c
JOIN products AS p ON
 p.id = (                                 --- the PRIMARY KEY
  SELECT p1.id FROM products AS p1
  WHERE c.id=p1.category_id
  ORDER BY p1.id LIMIT 1
 )

Answer 5

SELECT c.id, c.title, p.id AS product_id, p.title
FROM categories AS c
JOIN products AS p ON c.id = p.category_id
GROUP BY c.id

这将返回 products 中的第一个数据（等于限制 1）

Answer 6

@goggin13 接受的答案看起来是错误的。迄今为止提供的其他解决方案也可以使用，但会遇到 n+1 问题，因此会影响性能。

n+1 问题：如果有 100 个类别，那么我们必须执行 1 次选择来获取类别，那么对于返回的 100 个类别中的每一个，我们都需要执行一次选择来获取该类别中的产品.因此将执行 101 次 SELECT 查询。

我的替代解决方案解决了 n+1 问题，因此性能应该显着提高，因为只执行了 2 次选择。

SELECT
  *
FROM
    (SELECT c.id, c.title, p.id AS product_id, p.title
    FROM categories AS c
    JOIN products AS p ON c.id = p.category_id
    ORDER BY c.id ASC) AS a 
GROUP BY id;

Answer 7

用你的替换表格：

SELECT * FROM works w 
LEFT JOIN 
(SELECT photoPath, photoUrl, videoUrl FROM workmedias LIMIT 1) AS wm ON wm.idWork = w.idWork

Answer 8

With 子句可以解决问题。像这样的：

WITH SELECTION AS (SELECT id FROM products LIMIT 1)
SELECT a.id, c.id, c.title FROM selection a JOIN categories c ON (c.id = a.id);

Answer 9

使用 postgres 时，您可以使用 DISTINCT ON 语法来限制从任一表返回的列数。

下面是代码示例：

SELECT c.id, c.title, p.id AS product_id, p.title FROM categories AS c JOIN ( SELECT DISTINCT ON(p1.id) id, p1.title, p1.category_id FROM products p1 ) p ON (c.id = p.category_id)
诀窍是不要直接在 id 出现多次的表上加入，而是首先创建一个表，每个 id 只出现一次

Answer 10

另一个包含 3 个嵌套表的示例： 1/ 用户 2/ 用户角色公司 3/ 公司

• 1 个用户拥有多个 UserRoleCompanie。
• 1 UserRoleCompanie 有 1 个用户和 1 个公司
• 1 公司有很多 UserRoleCompanie

SELECT 
u.id as userId, 
u.firstName,
u.lastName,
u.email,
urc.id ,
urc.companieRole,
c.id as companieId,
c.name as companieName
FROM User as u 
JOIN UserRoleCompanie as urc ON u.id = urc.userId
    AND urc.id = (
        SELECT urc2.id
        FROM UserRoleCompanie urc2 
        JOIN Companie ON urc2.companieId = Companie.id
        AND urc2.userId = u.id 
        AND Companie.isPersonal = false
        order by Companie.createdAt DESC
        
        limit 1
    )
    
LEFT JOIN Companie as c ON urc.companieId = c.id

+---------------------------+-----------+--------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+--------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| userId                    | firstName | lastName           | email                     | id                        | companieRole | companieId                | companieName      |
+---------------------------+-----------+--------------------+---------------------------+---------------------------+--------------+---------------------------+-------------------+
| cjjt9s9iw037f0748raxmnnde | henry     | pierrot            | henry@gmail.com           | cjtuflye81dwt0748e4hnkiv0 | OWNER        | cjtuflye71dws0748r7vtuqmg | leclerc           |

Answer 11

在我看来，这是最好的答案（使其通用）：

SELECT  
TB1.Id  
FROM Table1 AS TB1  
INNER JOIN Table2 AS TB2 ON (TB1.Id = TB2.Id_TB1)  
    AND TB2.Id = (  
        SELECT Id  
        FROM Table2  
        WHERE TB1.Id = Id_TB1  
        ORDER BY Table2.Id DESC  
        LIMIT 1  
    )