这段代码是C89:
/* we need this to use exit */
#include <stdlib.h>
/* we need this to use CHAR_BIT */
#include <limits.h>
/* we need this to use fgetc and printf */
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
/* Declare everything we need */
int input, index;
unsigned int mask;
char inputchar;
/* an array to store integers telling us the values of the individual bits.
There are (almost) always 8 bits in a char, but it doesn't hurt to get into
good habits early, and in C, the sizes of the basic types are different
on different platforms. CHAR_BIT tells us the number of bits in a byte.
*/
int bits[CHAR_BIT];
/* the simplest way to read a single character is fgetc, but note that
the user will probably have to press "return", since input is generally
buffered */
input = fgetc(stdin);
printf("%d\n", input);
/* Check for errors. In C, we must always check for errors */
if (input == EOF) {
printf("No character read\n");
exit(1);
}
/* convert the value read from type int to type char. Not strictly needed,
we can examine the bits of an int or a char, but here's how it's done.
*/
inputchar = input;
/* the most common way to examine individual bits in a value is to use a
"mask" - in this case we have just 1 bit set, the most significant bit
of a char. */
mask = 1 << (CHAR_BIT - 1);
/* this is a loop, index takes each value from 0 to CHAR_BIT-1 in turn,
and we will read the bits from most significant to least significant. */
for (index = 0; index < CHAR_BIT; ++index) {
/* the bitwise-and operator & is how we use the mask.
"inputchar & mask" will be 0 if the bit corresponding to the mask
is 0, and non-zero if the bit is 1. ?: is the ternary conditional
operator, and in C when you use an integer value in a boolean context,
non-zero values are true. So we're converting any non-zero value to 1.
*/
bits[index] = (inputchar & mask) ? 1 : 0;
/* output what we've done */
printf("index %d, value %u\n", index, inputchar & mask);
/* we need a new mask for the next bit */
mask = mask >> 1;
}
/* output each bit as 0 or 1 */
for (index = 0; index < CHAR_BIT; ++index) {
printf("%d", bits[index]);
}
printf("\n");
/* output each bit as "true" or "false" */
for (index = 0; index < CHAR_BIT; ++index) {
printf(bits[index] ? "true" : "false");
/* fiddly part - we want a comma between each bit, but not at the end */
if (index != CHAR_BIT - 1) printf(",");
}
printf("\n");
return 0;
}
您不一定需要三个循环 - 如果需要,您可以将它们组合在一起,如果您只执行两种输出中的一种,那么您不需要数组,您可以使用每个位值,因为您将其屏蔽掉。但我认为这使事情分开,希望更容易理解。