如何从 sql server 中的字符串中获取确切的数字？

Question

如何从 SQL server 2014 数据库中的以下 TrigParams 字段获取订单号 (189,190)。

TrigParams

{"OWLSObjKey":{"key":"OWLSObjKey","value":"189","type":null},"OWLSObjType":{"key":"OWLSObjType","value":"17","type":null},"ObjKey":{"key":"ObjKey","value":"189","type":null},"ObjType":{"key":"ObjType","value":"17","type":null}}
{"OWLSObjKey":{"key":"OWLSObjKey","value":"190","type":null},"OWLSObjType":{"key":"OWLSObjType","value":"17","type":null},"ObjKey":{"key":"ObjKey","value":"190","type":null},"ObjType":{"key":"ObjType","value":"17","type":null}}

Answer 1

您从其他答案中看到，具有广泛 JSON 支持的 SQL-Server 2016+ 将有很大帮助。但没有你也不会迷失。您可以使用字符串方法：

感谢 Panagiotis Kanavos 的 MCVE

declare @table table (trigparams nvarchar(2000))

insert into @table 
values
('{"OWLSObjKey":{"key":"OWLSObjKey","value":"189","type":null},"OWLSObjType":{"key":"OWLSObjType","value":"17","type":null},"ObjKey":{"key":"ObjKey","value":"189","type":null},"ObjType":{"key":"ObjType","value":"17","type":null}}'),
('{"OWLSObjKey":{"key":"OWLSObjKey","value":"190","type":null},"OWLSObjType":{"key":"OWLSObjType","value":"17","type":null},"ObjKey":{"key":"ObjKey","value":"190","type":null},"ObjType":{"key":"ObjType","value":"17","type":null}}')

--这是查询

select LEFT(CutOff,CHARINDEX('"',CutOff)-1)
from @table t
CROSS APPLY(SELECT STUFF(t.trigparams,1,CHARINDEX('"value":"',t.trigparams)+8,'')) A(CutOff);

简而言之：

在APPLY 中，我们将使用STUFF() 在第一个字符上写入nothing，直到您要查找的数字（在第一次出现"value":" 之后。返回为列CutOff。我们现在可以使用LEFT() 仅选择数字。

Answer 2

该问题未指定服务器版本、表架构或字符串是表示单个值还是两个单独行的内容。

我只是假设它是支持 JSON 的 SQL Server 2016，并且文本来自两个单独的行。我还将假设查询只需要将数据作为单个值返回。

在这种情况下，对JSON_VALUE('$.OWLSObjKey.value') 的简单调用将返回数据。 JSON_VALUE 从格式良好的 JSON 字符串返回单个值：

declare @table table (trigparams nvarchar(2000))

insert into @table 
values
('{"OWLSObjKey":{"key":"OWLSObjKey","value":"189","type":null},"OWLSObjType":{"key":"OWLSObjType","value":"17","type":null},"ObjKey":{"key":"ObjKey","value":"189","type":null},"ObjType":{"key":"ObjType","value":"17","type":null}}'),
('{"OWLSObjKey":{"key":"OWLSObjKey","value":"190","type":null},"OWLSObjType":{"key":"OWLSObjType","value":"17","type":null},"ObjKey":{"key":"ObjKey","value":"190","type":null},"ObjType":{"key":"ObjType","value":"17","type":null}}')

select JSON_VALUE(trigparams,'$.OWLSObjKey.value') As SomeKey
from @table

这会返回：

SomeKey 
189 
190 

Answer 3

假设您使用的是 SQL Server 2016+，请使用OPENJSON：

SELECT O.OrderNumber
FROM (VALUES('{"OWLSObjKey":{"key":"OWLSObjKey","value":"189","type":null},"OWLSObjType":{"key":"OWLSObjType","value":"17","type":null},"ObjKey":{"key":"ObjKey","value":"189","type":null},"ObjType":{"key":"ObjType","value":"17","type":null}}'),
            ('{"OWLSObjKey":{"key":"OWLSObjKey","value":"190","type":null},"OWLSObjType":{"key":"OWLSObjType","value":"17","type":null},"ObjKey":{"key":"ObjKey","value":"190","type":null},"ObjType":{"key":"ObjType","value":"17","type":null}}')) V(TrigParams)
     CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(V.TrigParams) WITH (OWLSObjKey nvarchar(MAX) AS JSON) OK
     CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(OK.OWLSObjKey) WITH (OrderNumber int '$.value') O;

如果不是，那么如果不使用 CLR 函数，SQL Server 就不是你的朋友。如果您不能使用 CLR，那么我建议您使用其他工具来读取 JSON 值。