D3D11如何将纹理中alpha值为0的像素渲染为透明？答案

【问题标题】：How does D3D11 render pixels with an alpha value of 0 in the texture as transparent?D3D11如何将纹理中alpha值为0的像素渲染为透明？
【发布时间】：2021-02-14 08:11:25
【问题描述】：

我使用 DrawIconEx（GDI/D3D11 互操作性和 CopyResource）生成了一个 ID3D11Texture2D，它有许多 alpha 通道值为 0 的像素。此纹理已通过 D3D11_USAGE_STAGING/Map 验证以查看像素值和ScreenGrab保存 png （相关代码需要修改：DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM->使用GUID_WICPixelFormat32bppBGRA代替GUID_WICPixelFormat24bppBGR）。

当我使用Tutorial 5: Texturing的渲染纹理方法时，0像素的alpha值会被渲染为黑色，这不是我想要的，我希望这些像素渲染是透明的。将采取什么措施来实现目标？这是我的相关代码：

 HRESULT CGraphRender::Init()
 {
     ...

     // Create an alpha enabled blend state description.
     _blend_state = nullptr;

     D3D11_BLEND_DESC blendDesc;
     ZeroMemory(&blendDesc, sizeof(D3D11_BLEND_DESC));

     blendDesc.RenderTarget[0].BlendEnable = TRUE;   
     blendDesc.RenderTarget[0].SrcBlend = D3D11_BLEND_SRC_ALPHA;
     blendDesc.RenderTarget[0].DestBlend = D3D11_BLEND_INV_SRC_ALPHA;
     blendDesc.RenderTarget[0].BlendOp = D3D11_BLEND_OP_ADD;
     blendDesc.RenderTarget[0].SrcBlendAlpha = D3D11_BLEND_ONE;
     blendDesc.RenderTarget[0].DestBlendAlpha = D3D11_BLEND_ZERO;
     blendDesc.RenderTarget[0].BlendOpAlpha = D3D11_BLEND_OP_ADD;
     blendDesc.RenderTarget[0].RenderTargetWriteMask = D3D11_COLOR_WRITE_ENABLE_ALL;

     hr = _d3d_device->CreateBlendState(&blendDesc, &_blend_state);
     RETURN_ON_FAIL(hr);

     ....
 }

 HRESULT CGraphRender::Clear_3D(float color[])
 {
     ID3D11RenderTargetView* rtv[] = { _back_rendertarget_view };
     _immediate_context->OMSetRenderTargets(_countof(rtv), rtv, nullptr);
     _immediate_context->ClearRenderTargetView(_back_rendertarget_view, color);

     float blendFactor[4] = { 1.f, 1.f, 1.f, 1.f };
     _immediate_context->OMSetBlendState(_blend_state, blendFactor, 0xffffffff);

     return S_OK;
 }

【问题讨论】：

标签： winapi gdi direct3d direct3d11

【解决方案1】：

问题已解决：在渲染“alpha”纹理之前执行OMGetBlendState(_blend_state...设置，渲染后恢复默认的blendstate

HRESULT CGraphRender::DrawTexture(const std::shared_ptr<CDrawTextureShader>& texture, const RECT& dst_rect, const BOOL& is_blend_alpha)
{
    CComPtr<ID3D11DeviceContext> immediate_context;
    _d3d_device->GetImmediateContext(&immediate_context);
    if (!immediate_context)
    {
        return E_UNEXPECTED;
    }

    if (is_blend_alpha)
    {
        CComPtr<ID3D11BlendState> old_blend_state;
        FLOAT   old_blend_factor[4] = { 0.f };
        UINT    old_sample_mask = 0;

        immediate_context->OMGetBlendState(&old_blend_state, old_blend_factor, &old_sample_mask);

        float blend_factor[4] = { 1.f, 1.f, 1.f, 1.f };
        immediate_context->OMSetBlendState(_blend_state, blend_factor, 0xffffffff);

        HRESULT hr = texture->Render(immediate_context, dst_rect);

        immediate_context->OMSetBlendState(old_blend_state, old_blend_factor, old_sample_mask);

        return hr;
    }
    else
    {
        return texture->Render(immediate_context, dst_rect);
    }
}

【讨论】：