有人知道从类型库 (.tlb) 生成 idl 文件的命令行工具吗？这样做的原因是为了摆脱 regasm 生成的枚举值中的下划线。这个博客讨论了枚举中下划线的问题
http://blogs.artinsoft.net/mrojas/archive/2010/05/17/interop-remove-prefix-from-c-enums-for-com.aspx
我知道 OLEView 可以生成 IDL 文件，但我正在寻找适合自动构建的解决方案。
【问题讨论】：
标签： .net com interop idl oleview
我怀疑这是一个完全可以满足您需求的工具。但是，滚动您自己的转换器应该不会太难。使用类型库有点麻烦。我编写了一个工具，它可以从 .idl 文件或 .tlb 文件为 COM 接口生成 C++ 包装类。读取接口相关信息的代码大约有250行代码，所以如果你添加一些代码生成一个.idl文件，你应该会得到大约1000行代码。
以下代码是我的 C++ 代码的精简版，应该可以为您提供总体思路。但是，由于我目前无法访问编译器，因此我无法检查它是编译（不太可能）还是工作（肯定不是）。
#include <afxwin.h>
#include <comdef.h>
#include <atlconv.h>
#include <atlbase.h>
char* paTypeNames[] =
{
"VT_EMPTY", // = 0,
"VT_NULL", // = 1,
"short", //"VT_I2", // = 2,
"long", //"VT_I4", // = 3,
"real", // "VT_R4", // = 4,
"double", // "VT_R8", // = 5,
"VT_CY", // = 6,
"VT_DATE", // = 7,
"BSTR", //"VT_BSTR", // = 8,
"IDispatch*", // "VT_DISPATCH", // = 9,
"VT_ERROR", // = 10,
"VARIANT_BOOL", //"VT_BOOL", // = 11,
"VARIANT", //"VT_VARIANT", // = 12,
"IUnknown*", // VT_UNKNOWN = 13,
"VT_DECIMAL", // = 14,
"VBA reserves 15 for future use",
"VT_I1", // = 16,
"VT_UI1", // = 17,
"VT_UI2", // = 18,
"VT_UI4", // = 19,
"VT_I8", // = 20,
"VT_UI8", // = 21,
"int", //"VT_INT", // = 22,
"UINT", // = 23,
"VOID", // = 24,
"HRESULT", // = 25,
"VT_PTR", // = 26,
"VT_SAFEARRAY", // = 27,
"VT_CARRAY", // = 28,
"VT_USERDEFINED", // = 29,
"VT_LPSTR", // = 30,
"VT_LPWSTR", // = 31,
"VBA reserves 32 for future use",
"VBA reserves 33 for future use",
"VBA reserves 34 for future use",
"VBA reserves 35 for future use",
"VT_RECORD", // = 36,
"VT_INT_PTR", // = 37,
"VT_UINT_PTR", // = 38,
"Unknown Type number above 39"
};
CString GetType (const TYPEDESC& p_TYPEDESC, ITypeInfo* p_pTypeInfo)
{
// Look up user defined types in the type library.
if (p_TYPEDESC.vt == VT_USERDEFINED)
{
ITypeInfoPtr spInnerType;
VERIFY (SUCCEEDED (p_pTypeInfo->GetRefTypeInfo (p_TYPEDESC.hreftype, &spInnerType)));
BSTR CurrTypeName;
VERIFY (SUCCEEDED (spInnerType->GetDocumentation (MEMBERID_NIL, &CurrTypeName, NULL, NULL, NULL)));
return CString (CurrTypeName);
}
else if (p_TYPEDESC.vt == VT_PTR)
return GetType (*p_TYPEDESC.lptdesc, p_pTypeInfo) + CString (_T("*"));
else
{
return CString (paTypeNames[min (p_TYPEDESC.vt & VT_TYPEMASK, 39)]);
}
}
bool ParseTypeLib (char* p_strTypeLibName)
{
USES_CONVERSION;
// Load the type library.
ITypeLibPtr spTypeLib;
HRESULT hr = LoadTypeLibEx (A2OLE (p_strTypeLibName), REGKIND_DEFAULT, &spTypeLib);
if (!(bool)spTypeLib)
return false;
UINT uiNumberOfTypes = spTypeLib->GetTypeInfoCount ();
for (int i = 0; i < uiNumberOfTypes; i++)
{
ITypeInfoPtr spCurrTypeInfo;
spTypeLib->GetTypeInfo (i, &spCurrTypeInfo);
if (!(bool) spCurrTypeInfo)
return false;
// We only want to process interface definitions, so if we encounter anything
// else (for example enums), we skip the rest of the loop.
TYPEATTR* pCurrentTypeAttr;
VERIFY (SUCCEEDED (spCurrTypeInfo->GetTypeAttr (&pCurrentTypeAttr)));
if (pCurrentTypeAttr->typekind != TKIND_DISPATCH &&
pCurrentTypeAttr->typekind != TKIND_INTERFACE)
continue;
// Retrieve the current interface name.
CComBSTR CurrInterfaceName;
hr = spTypeLib->GetDocumentation (i, &CurrInterfaceName, NULL, NULL, NULL);
std::cout << "interface " << CurrInterfaceName;
// Retrieve the name of the base class. According to MSDN
// (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa909031.aspx), we must first retrieve
// the TKIND_INTERFACE type description for our class, and then we can retrieve
// the base class information. We also need the TKIND_INTERFACE type description
// because TKIND_DISPATCH type descriptions contain both the methods of the current
// interface as well as the methods of all base interfaces.
ITypeInfoPtr spBaseType;
if (pCurrentTypeAttr->typekind == TKIND_DISPATCH)
{
HREFTYPE TempHREF;
VERIFY (SUCCEEDED (spCurrTypeInfo->GetRefTypeOfImplType (-1, &TempHREF)));
ITypeInfoPtr spTempInfo;
VERIFY (SUCCEEDED (spCurrTypeInfo->GetRefTypeInfo (TempHREF, &spTempInfo)));
spCurrTypeInfo = spTempInfo;
}
HREFTYPE BaseClassHREF;
VERIFY (SUCCEEDED (spCurrTypeInfo->GetRefTypeOfImplType (0, &BaseClassHREF)));
VERIFY (SUCCEEDED (spCurrTypeInfo->GetRefTypeInfo (BaseClassHREF, &spBaseType)));
CComBSTR CurrBaseTypeName;
VERIFY (SUCCEEDED (spBaseType->GetDocumentation (MEMBERID_NIL, &CurrBaseTypeName, NULL, NULL, NULL)));
std::cout << " : " << CurrBaseTypeName << "{\n";
// Process the methods of the current interface.
FUNCDESC* pCurrFUNCDESC;
int j = 0;
while (SUCCEEDED (spCurrTypeInfo->GetFuncDesc (j++, &pCurrFUNCDESC)))
{
// Retrieve the return type of the COM method (this does not necessarily have to be
// an HRESULT).
std::cout << paTypeNames[pCurrFUNCDESC->elemdescFunc.tdesc.vt] << " ";
// Ask for the function descriptor for the current function.
unsigned int cNames;
BSTR* CurrNames = DEBUG_NEW BSTR[pCurrFUNCDESC->cParams + 1];
hr = spCurrTypeInfo->GetNames (pCurrFUNCDESC->memid, CurrNames, pCurrFUNCDESC->cParams + 1, &cNames);
// The first element contains the name of the function.
std::cout << CurrNames[0] << " (";
// Process the parameters of the current function.
for (int k = 0; k < pCurrFUNCDESC->cParams; k++)
{
std::cout << "[";
// Determine the type of the parameter (in, out, retval).
bool needComma = false;
if (pCurrFUNCDESC->lprgelemdescParam[k].paramdesc.wParamFlags & PARAMFLAG_FIN)
{
std::cout << "in";
needComma = true;
}
if (pCurrFUNCDESC->lprgelemdescParam[k].paramdesc.wParamFlags & PARAMFLAG_FOUT)
{
if (needComma)
std::cout << ", ";
std::cout << "out";
needComma = true;
}
if (pCurrFUNCDESC->lprgelemdescParam[k].paramdesc.wParamFlags & PARAMFLAG_FRETVAL)
{
if (needComma)
std::cout << ", ";
std::cout << "retval";
}
std::cout << "] ";
std::cout << GetType (pCurrFUNCDESC->lprgelemdescParam[k].tdesc, spCurrTypeInfo);
// If we didn't get a name for the parameter, it must be the parameter of a property put
// method. In this case we call the parameter simply "RHS"
if (k + 1 >= cNames)
std::cout << "RHS";
else
std::cout << CurrNames[k + 1];
}
delete[] CurrNames;
}
}
// If we have reached this line, all of the above operations must have succeeded.
return true;
}
问候， 斯图尔特
【讨论】：
如果这是在源代码控制中存储（第 3 方？）TLB 文件而不是 IDL 文件的副作用，则一种可能性可能是检查 IDL 并从中自动生成 TLB 作为构建过程的一部分。
使用 IDL 代替 TLB 的另一个好处是，可以使用 diff 工具轻松比较 COM 接口的版本更改。
【讨论】：