Oracle 对象和方法存在一些问题

Question

您好，我是 Oracle 新手，编译时遇到一些错误，例如：

1 ORA-06545：PL/SQL：编译错误 - 编译中止 ORA-06550：第 13 行，第 1 列： PLS-00103：遇到符号“CREATE” ORA-06550：第 0 行，第 0 列： PLS-00565：PERSON 必须作为潜在的 REF 目标（对象类型）完成 C:\Users\GV\Documents\School\ex3.sql 6 1

我要做的是创建一个 Person 类，其中包含他的个人数据（姓名、地址、电话号码、电子邮件）和 2 个方法，一个检测电话号码是否只是数字，另一个检测是否电子邮件字符串中有一个@。

   create or replace type Person as object (
  --variables
  name varchar(10),
  address varchar(50),

  --methods
  member function pNum (phone number) return self as result,
  member function m (mail varchar) return self as result
) not final;

--body of methods

create or replace 
type Persona as

member function pNum (phone number) return self as result as
  begin
  if( phone is not number ) then
       RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR( -20122,'phone can only have numbers' );
  end;

member function m (mail varchar) return self as result as
  begin
  if( mail contains('@') ) then
   RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR( -20122,'not a email' );
  end;

所以我的问题是

为什么我在创建时收到该错误？

和

我的方法正确吗？

::::::::::::::::::[更新]:::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

我已经设法修复了所有错误，但现在我需要一个 if 语句来检查电话号码中是否只有数字，而电子邮件中是否有 @ 字符串

更新代码：

---------------------CLASS-----------------------------
create or replace type Person as object (
    --variables
    name varchar(10),
    address varchar(50),

    --methods
    member function pNum (phone number) return varchar2,
    member function ml (mail varchar) return varchar2
) not final;
/



-----------------------BODY----------------------------------
create or replace type BODY Person as
    member function pNum (phone number) return varchar2 as
      begin
        --if statement that detects if var phone is a number goes here
        --if( phone is not number ) then 
            return 'phone can only have numbers';
      end pNum;

    member function ml (mail varchar) return varchar2 as
      begin
        --if statement that detects if var mail has a @ character goes here
        --if( mail contains('@') ) then
            return 'not a email';
      end ml;
end;
/


--------------RUN TEST----------------------------------
DECLARE
  a Person;
begin
  a := Person(1,2);
  dbms_output.put_line('Phone: ' || a.pNum(1152795927));
end;

Answer 1

您必须坚持使用正确的语法。首先你定义了你的类型Person，这是正确的。

然后您尝试创建它的定义，这就是您弄错的地方。您必须将其定义为具有相同 name 的类型 BODY。您定义了 Person 并尝试为 Persona 创建主体：

create or replace type Person as object (
    --variables
    name varchar(10),
    address varchar(50),

    --methods
    member function pNum (phone number) return self as result,
    member function m (mail varchar) return self as result
 ) not final;
 /

指定正文：

create or replace type BODY Person as
    member function pNum (phone number) return number as
      begin
        if( phone is not number ) then
            RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR( -20122,'phone can only have numbers' );
        end if;
        return phone;
      end pNum;

    member function m (mail varchar) return varchar as
      begin
        if( mail contains('@') ) then
            RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR( -20122,'not a email' );
        end if;
        return mail;
      end m;
 end;
 /

基本上你以错误的方式定义了身体。我提供的代码可能有语法错误，因为我这里没有 oracle 来测试它。如果您发现任何问题，请告诉我，我会修复它。

编辑：一个函数必须返回一个类型。您不能返回SELF，因为它是参数的定义。在此处查看有关它的文档：SELF Parameters in Member Methods

Answer 2

所以我设法让它工作！

以下代码是一个 Person 类，其中包含个人数据（例如：姓名、地址、电话号码、电子邮件）和 2 个方法，一个检测电话号码是否只是数字，另一个检测是否有 @在电子邮件字符串中。

解析代码：

---------------------Class Person-----------------------------
create or replace type Person as object (
    --variables
    name varchar(10),
    address varchar(50),

    --methods
    member function pNum (phone number) return varchar2,
    member function ml (mail varchar) return varchar2
) not final;
/



-----------------------Body of Methods----------------------------------
create or replace type BODY Person as
    member function pNum (phone number) return varchar2 as
      begin
        if(mod(phone,1) != 0) then
            return 'Phone number can only contain numbers';
        end if;
          return phone;
      end pNum;

    member function ml (mail varchar) return varchar2 as
      begin
        if (INSTR(mail, '@') != 0) then
            return mail;
        end if;
            return 'That is not a email';
      end ml;
end;
/


--------------Run Test----------------------------------
DECLARE
  a Person;
begin
  a := Person(1,2);
  dbms_output.put_line('Phone: ' || a.pNum(1152.795927));
  dbms_output.put_line('Email: ' || a.ml('armando@email.com'));

end;