在 Oracle SQL Developer 中创建新连接时出现 ORA-12505

Question

稍后我安装了 Oracle 数据库 XE 18.4.0.0.0 (18c)。 接下来，我下载了 Oracle SQL Developer 工具并尝试创建一个新连接，但出现此错误：

主密码正确，listerner 正在运行，（@EdStevens 回复后更新）：

C:\WINDOWS\system32> lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for 64-bit Windows: Version 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on 22-OTT-2020 09:04:27

Copyright (c) 1991, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Avvio di tnslsnr: attendere...

TNSLSNR for 64-bit Windows: Version 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Il file dei parametri di sistema Þ C:\app\gabri\product\18.0.0\dbhomeXE\network\admin\listener.ora
Ascolto su: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))

Connessione a (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))
STATO del LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Versione                  TNSLSNR for 64-bit Windows: Version 18.0.0.0.0 - Production
Data di inizio            22-OTT-2020 09:04:34
Tempo di attivitÓ           0 giorni 0 ore 0 min. 12 sec.
Livello trace             off
Sicurezza                 ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
File di parametri listenerC:\app\gabri\product\18.0.0\dbhomeXE\network\admin\listener.ora
Summary table degli endpoint di ascolto...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))
Summary table dei servizi...
Il servizio "CLRExtProc" ha 1 istanze.
  L'istanza "CLRExtProc", stato UNKNOWN, ha 1 handler per questo servizio...
Il servizio "database" ha 1 istanze.
  L'istanza "XE", stato UNKNOWN, ha 1 handler per questo servizio...
Il comando Þ stato eseguito

这里是我的listener.ora：

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: C:\app\gabri\product\18.0.0\dbhomeXE\NETWORK\ADMIN\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

DEFAULT_SERVICE_LISTENER = XE

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = C:\app\gabri\product\18.0.0\dbhomeXE)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:C:\app\gabri\product\18.0.0\dbhomeXE\bin\oraclr18.dll")
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = PortatileGabriele)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
  )

还有tnsnames.ora:

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: C:\app\gabri\product\18.0.0\dbhomeXE\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = CLRExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

希望有人能帮帮我！

提前致谢

编辑：

C:\WINDOWS\system32>echo %ORACLE_HOMEd%
%ORACLE_HOMEd%

C:\WINDOWS\system32>echo %ORACLE_SID%
%ORACLE_SID%

C:\WINDOWS\system32>sqlplus / as sysdba'

SQL*Plus: Release 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on Gio Ott 22 14:27:19 2020
Version 18.4.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2018, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12560: TNS: errore dell'adattatore del protocollo


Immettere il nome utente: SYSTEM
Immettere la password:
ERROR:
ORA-12560: TNS: errore dell'adattatore del protocollo


Immettere il nome utente:

Answer 1

首先，错误“侦听器不知道 sid”是绝对正确的。我们从 'lsnrctl status' 看到没有向侦听器注册 database。因此，在您真正启动数据库并在侦听器中注册之前，其他都无关紧要。

其次，一旦你运行了一个数据库，你的 SQL Dev '连接类型' 'basic' 意味着你正在直接提供所有必要的连接信息，并且 tnsnames.ora 不会被调用。这没有什么问题，但是如果您确实想使用 tnsnames，那么将您的连接类型更改为“tns”。必要的输入字段会相应更改。

第三，如前所述，无论你使用 tns 还是基本连接，你要指定服务名称，而不是 sid。